{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073932913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","title":"Variation in Drug Prices at Pharmacies: Are Prices Higher in Poorer Areas?","display_name":"Variation in Drug Prices at Pharmacies: Are Prices Higher in Poorer Areas?","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073932913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","mag":"2073932913","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19178584","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2677057"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2228914","display_name":"Health Services Research","issn_l":"0017-9124","issn":["0017-9124","1475-6773"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2677057","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019109829","display_name":"Walid F. Gellad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-5197","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-5197"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309849503","display_name":"RAND Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Walid F. Gellad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of General Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. wgellad@rand.org","Division of General Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. wgellad@rand.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503","https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503","https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091282674","display_name":"Niteesh K. Choudhry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-2248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-2248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niteesh K. Choudhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,","Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087850840","display_name":"Mark W. Friedberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7907-8358","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7907-8358"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark W. Friedberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00a7Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00a7Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076716488","display_name":"M. Alan Brookhart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-0564","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-0564"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Alan Brookhart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,","Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080203947","display_name":"Jennifer S. Haas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-851X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-851X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer S. Haas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060167116","display_name":"William H. Shrank","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William H. Shrank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,","Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019109829"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503","https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91332453,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"2p1","first_page":"606","last_page":"617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.8773999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.8773999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.11580000072717667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescription-drug-prices","display_name":"prescription drug prices","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-drug-prices","display_name":"retail drug prices","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-pharmacies","display_name":"independent pharmacies","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacy-chains","display_name":"pharmacy chains","score":0.9980000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018590553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136208","display_name":"Zip code","level":2,"score":0.9599791765213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.8062046766281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910862244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7240896","display_name":"Drug prices","level":2,"score":0.7289170026779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.6899065971374512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778858636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643563","display_name":"Prescription drug","level":3,"score":0.5737229585647583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39825","display_name":"Census","level":3,"score":0.5113860964775085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3912835121154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.34210580587387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.2208830714225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.20663315057754517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1914181113243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.16518276929855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.15122365951538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.08945021033287048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.08249032497406006}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005431","descriptor_name":"Florida","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010594","descriptor_name":"Pharmacies","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016527","descriptor_name":"Drug Costs","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017057","descriptor_name":"Medically Uninsured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00917.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2228914","display_name":"Health Services Research","issn_l":"0017-9124","issn":["0017-9124","1475-6773"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2677057","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2677057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:19178584","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19178584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health services research","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2677057","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2677057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.41670000553131104}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.7400000095367432}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1581169573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K23HL090505-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3795833991","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K-23 HL-090505","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G562007903","display_name":"An intervention to improve rational prescribing in cardiovascular disease","funder_award_id":"5k23hl090505-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307770","display_name":"AstraZeneca","ror":"https://ror.org/04r9x1a08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307773","display_name":"GlaxoSmithKline","ror":"https://ror.org/01xsqw823"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307781","display_name":"Sanofi","ror":"https://ror.org/027vj4x92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322148","display_name":"Eisai","ror":"https://ror.org/04vvh7p27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517215908","https://openalex.org/W1575214124","https://openalex.org/W1613043183","https://openalex.org/W1893944147","https://openalex.org/W1984959392","https://openalex.org/W1993288576","https://openalex.org/W2036924721","https://openalex.org/W2039998796","https://openalex.org/W2045983921","https://openalex.org/W2046774016","https://openalex.org/W2052883276","https://openalex.org/W2076804844","https://openalex.org/W2110318254","https://openalex.org/W2146741062","https://openalex.org/W2155532314","https://openalex.org/W2157452732","https://openalex.org/W2160917197","https://openalex.org/W2168415188","https://openalex.org/W2237871339","https://openalex.org/W2318964137","https://openalex.org/W2332167003"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2593371535","https://openalex.org/W2738615667","https://openalex.org/W2521769361","https://openalex.org/W2605911957","https://openalex.org/W2005653501","https://openalex.org/W2795951671","https://openalex.org/W4389455143","https://openalex.org/W2963851290","https://openalex.org/W4249979297","https://openalex.org/W2738046628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"whether":[3],"retail":[4,21],"prices":[5,23,42,81,110],"for":[6,43],"prescription":[7,22,109],"drugs":[8,49],"are":[9],"higher":[10,114],"in":[11,70,84,97,115],"poorer":[12,116],"areas.":[13],"DATA":[14,65],"SOURCES:":[15],"The":[16],"MyFloridarx.com":[17],"website,":[18],"which":[19],"provides":[20],"at":[24],"Florida":[25],"pharmacies,":[26],"and":[27],"median":[28],"ZIP":[29,51,87,100,117],"code":[30,52],"income":[31,53],"from":[32],"the":[33,46,76,85,92,98,103],"2000":[34],"Census.":[35],"STUDY":[36],"DESIGN:":[37],"We":[38],"compared":[39],"mean":[40,80,105],"pharmacy":[41],"each":[44],"of":[45,119],"four":[47,77],"study":[48,78],"across":[50],"groups.":[54],"Pharmacies":[55],"were":[56,68,82],"classified":[57],"as":[58],"either":[59],"chain":[60],"pharmacies":[61,96],"or":[62],"independent":[63],"pharmacies.":[64],"COLLECTION:":[66],"Prices":[67],"downloaded":[69],"November":[71],"2006.":[72],"PRINCIPAL":[73],"FINDINGS:":[74],"Across":[75],"drugs,":[79],"highest":[83,104],"poorest":[86,99],"codes:":[88],"9":[89],"percent":[90],"above":[91],"statewide":[93],"average.":[94],"Independent":[95],"codes":[101,118],"charged":[102],"prices.":[106],"CONCLUSIONS:":[107],"Retail":[108],"appear":[111],"to":[112],"be":[113],"Florida.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}