{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073869934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","title":"Knee Joint Kinetics in Relation to Commonly Prescribed Squat Loads and Depths","display_name":"Knee Joint Kinetics in Relation to Commonly Prescribed Squat Loads and Depths","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073869934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","mag":"2073869934","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23085977","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4064719"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150708336","display_name":"The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","issn_l":"1064-8011","issn":["1064-8011","1533-4287"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4064719","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003276512","display_name":"Joshua A. Cotter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-1595","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-1595"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua A. Cotter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. jcotter@uci.edu","Department of Orthopedics, University of California, Irvine, California","to Dr. Joshua A. Cotter, [email\u00a0protected]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. jcotter@uci.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics, University of California, Irvine, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"to Dr. Joshua A. Cotter, [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010136772","display_name":"Ajit M.W. Chaudhari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-7147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-7147"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajit M. Chaudhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering","Department of Orthopedics","Sports Health and Performance Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sports Health and Performance Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077752832","display_name":"Steve T. Jamison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve T. Jamison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering","Department of Orthopedics","Sports Health and Performance Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sports Health and Performance Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108374607","display_name":"Steven T. Devor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven T. Devor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Exercise Science","Department of Human Nutrition, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","Department of Physiology and Cell Biology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Exercise Science","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Nutrition, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003276512"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6471,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6694945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"7","first_page":"1765","last_page":"1774"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.7318999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.7318999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":0.19429999589920044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.0544000007212162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/squat","display_name":"squatting","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/squat-depth","display_name":"squat depth","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knee-flexion-moment","display_name":"knee flexion moment","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knee-kinetics","display_name":"knee kinetics","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-training-load","display_name":"resistance training load","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-repetition-maximum","display_name":"one-repetition maximum","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recreational-athletes","display_name":"recreational athletes","score":0.36800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755746","display_name":"Squat","level":2,"score":0.9804653525352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.5551632046699524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987592631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2910873","display_name":"Knee flexion","level":2,"score":0.5317137837409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908736133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37425","display_name":"Knee Joint","level":2,"score":0.5128398537635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4917462170124054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.4834674000740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.47347962856292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170700871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193378","display_name":"Biomechanics","level":2,"score":0.4118295907974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40290892124176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3907396197319031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.3607894480228424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19487980008125305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.11640146374702454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.08746621012687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08501482009887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016059","descriptor_name":"Range of Motion, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053580","descriptor_name":"Muscle Strength","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055070","descriptor_name":"Resistance Training","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182773319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150708336","display_name":"The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","issn_l":"1064-8011","issn":["1064-8011","1533-4287"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23085977","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23085977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of strength and conditioning research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3038367","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4064719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4064719","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4064719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Strength Cond Res","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3038367","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4064719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3874273450","display_name":"U.C. Irvine Multidisciplinary Exercise Science Training Program","funder_award_id":"T32AR047752","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337362","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337362","display_name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/006zn3t30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546966436","https://openalex.org/W1965827184","https://openalex.org/W1976523898","https://openalex.org/W1998563303","https://openalex.org/W2001988297","https://openalex.org/W2017063581","https://openalex.org/W2018148110","https://openalex.org/W2021654999","https://openalex.org/W2027903200","https://openalex.org/W2032487700","https://openalex.org/W2059383600","https://openalex.org/W2060154718","https://openalex.org/W2073494883","https://openalex.org/W2074465119","https://openalex.org/W2078936766","https://openalex.org/W2081571352","https://openalex.org/W2084330074","https://openalex.org/W2097198989","https://openalex.org/W2115655176","https://openalex.org/W2122449841","https://openalex.org/W2126685328","https://openalex.org/W2129325223","https://openalex.org/W2131206081","https://openalex.org/W2146116049","https://openalex.org/W2161173489","https://openalex.org/W2163560344","https://openalex.org/W2165177300","https://openalex.org/W2166567282","https://openalex.org/W2171638501","https://openalex.org/W2299776472","https://openalex.org/W2331189042","https://openalex.org/W4211194722","https://openalex.org/W4241263286","https://openalex.org/W4244900817","https://openalex.org/W6669028379","https://openalex.org/W6685332198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790727005","https://openalex.org/W2156140934","https://openalex.org/W2031819699","https://openalex.org/W1971607159","https://openalex.org/W4388572042","https://openalex.org/W2059383600","https://openalex.org/W3048467231","https://openalex.org/W2165177300","https://openalex.org/W2953811079","https://openalex.org/W4408565325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Controversy":[0],"exists":[1],"regarding":[2],"the":[3,10,25,89,127,133,161,181,194,197,204,207],"safety":[4],"and":[5,40,77,107,143,151,165,170,200,225],"performance":[6],"benefits":[7],"of":[8,17,37,82,103,175,233],"performing":[9],"squat":[11,38,90,94,101,122,199,209,223,260],"exercise":[12,91],"to":[13,23,129,156,196,206,239,247,269],"depths":[14,102,135,265],"beyond":[15],"90\u00b0":[16],"knee":[18,29,216],"flexion.":[19],"Our":[20],"aim":[21],"was":[22,186],"compare":[24],"net":[26],"peak":[27,214],"external":[28,215],"flexion":[30,217],"moments":[31,218],"(pEKFM)":[32],"experienced":[33],"over":[34],"typical":[35,257],"ranges":[36],"loads":[39,164,261],"depths.":[41],"Sixteen":[42],"recreationally":[43],"trained":[44],"men":[45],"(n":[46],"=":[47],"16;":[48],"age,":[49],"22.7":[50],"\u00b1":[51,57,62,66],"1.1":[52],"years;":[53],"body":[54],"mass,":[55],"85.4":[56],"2.1":[58],"kg;":[59],"height,":[60],"177.6":[61],"0.96":[63],"cm;":[64],"mean":[65],"SEM)":[67],"with":[68,136,177,263],"no":[69],"previous":[70],"lower-limb":[71],"surgeries":[72],"or":[73],"other":[74],"orthopedic":[75],"issues":[76],"at":[78,100,132,180],"least":[79],"1":[80,112],"year":[81],"consistent":[83],"resistance":[84],"training":[85],"experience":[86],"while":[87],"using":[88],"performed":[92],"single-repetition":[93],"trials":[95],"in":[96,259,272],"a":[97,167],"random":[98],"order":[99],"above":[104],"parallel,":[105,106],"below":[108],"parallel.":[109],"Less":[110],"than":[111,242],"week":[113],"before":[114],"testing,":[115],"1RM":[116,145,189,241,249],"values":[117],"were":[118,154,227,235],"found":[119],"for":[120],"each":[121],"depth.":[123],"Subsequent":[124],"testing":[125],"required":[126],"subjects":[128],"perform":[130],"squats":[131],"3":[134,137],"different":[138],"loads:":[139],"unloaded,":[140],"50%":[141,240,246],"1RM,":[142],"85%":[144,248],"(9":[146],"total":[147],"trials).":[148],"Force":[149],"platform":[150],"kinematic":[152],"data":[153],"collected":[155],"calculate":[157],"pEKFM.":[158,273],"To":[159],"assess":[160],"differences":[162],"among":[163],"depths,":[166],"2-factor":[168],"(load":[169],"depth)":[171],"repeated":[172],"measures":[173],"analysis":[174],"variance":[176],"significance":[178],"set":[179],"p":[182],"<":[183,211,251],"0.05":[184],"level":[185],"used.":[187],"Squat":[188],"significantly":[190,219],"decreased":[191],"13.6%":[192],"from":[193,203,237,245],"above-parallel":[195],"parallel":[198,205],"another":[201],"3.6%":[202],"below-parallel":[208],"(p":[210,229,250],"0.05).":[212],"Net":[213],"increased":[220,228],"as":[221],"both":[222],"depth":[224],"load":[226],"\u2264":[230],"0.02).":[231],"Slopes":[232],"pEKFM":[234],"greater":[236],"unloaded":[238],"when":[243],"progressing":[244],"0.001).":[252],"The":[253],"results":[254],"suggest":[255],"that":[256],"decreases":[258],"used":[262],"increasing":[264],"are":[266],"not":[267],"enough":[268],"offset":[270],"increases":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}