{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073471108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","title":"A Theory for Record Linkage","display_name":"A Theory for Record Linkage","publication_year":1969,"publication_date":"1969-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073471108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","mag":"2073471108"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024557044","display_name":"Ivan P. Fellegi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138378","display_name":"Dominion (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038q98v71","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan P. Fellegi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dominion Bureau of Statistics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dominion Bureau of Statistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090341120","display_name":"Alan B. Sunter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138378","display_name":"Dominion (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038q98v71","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan B. Sunter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dominion Bureau of Statistics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dominion Bureau of Statistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3264,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2520,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91919192,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"328","first_page":"1183","last_page":"1183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11539","display_name":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13546","display_name":"Census and Population Estimation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-linkage","display_name":"data linkage","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/record-matching","display_name":"record matching","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-theory","display_name":"decision theory","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-probability","display_name":"error probability","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-decision-theory","display_name":"statistical decision theory","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/record-deduplication","display_name":"record deduplication","score":0.40400001406669617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.7133992314338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.6001835465431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.553159236907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142210648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266546","display_name":"Record linkage","level":3,"score":0.5381811857223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84839998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249245","display_name":"Decision rule","level":2,"score":0.5194541811943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554239","display_name":"Link (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5054755210876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4956094026565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4696965217590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.44993120431900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141042865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200125","display_name":"Expected value","level":2,"score":0.44912341237068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43288755416870117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4220702648162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4054979383945465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35179632902145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32196736335754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2227245569229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/2286061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2286061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2286061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024400270","https://openalex.org/W2030689309","https://openalex.org/W2043551673","https://openalex.org/W2052390074","https://openalex.org/W2141634619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076203838","https://openalex.org/W2127483059","https://openalex.org/W2232915598","https://openalex.org/W7098012608","https://openalex.org/W2985964348","https://openalex.org/W2030689309","https://openalex.org/W7098711448","https://openalex.org/W2094423759","https://openalex.org/W2049855118","https://openalex.org/W2099400440"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,35,132,151,216,283],"mathematical":[1],"model":[2],"is":[3,37,77,206,245],"developed":[4],"to":[5,14,32,38,59,80,96,229,279,298],"provide":[6],"a":[7,11,55,101,106,304],"theoretical":[8],"framework":[9],"for":[10,197,247,267],"computer-oriented":[12],"solution":[13],"the":[15,42,63,66,69,127,130,135,138,146,149,154,157,178,189,208,254,272,275,286,291,299],"problem":[16],"of":[17,65,83,89,122,129,137,148,156,166,180,213,233,250,270,277,290],"recognizing":[18],"those":[19,261],"records":[20,49],"in":[21,47,142,161],"two":[22,48,113,120,296],"files":[23],"which":[24,301],"represent":[25,68],"identical":[26],"persons,":[27],"objects":[28],"or":[29,61,72,74],"events":[30],"(said":[31],"be":[33,39],"matched).":[34],"comparison":[36,139,158,184,210],"made":[40,57],"between":[41],"recorded":[43],"characteristics":[44],"and":[45,54,105,145,172,192,199,223,226,288,295],"values":[46],"(one":[50],"from":[51],"each":[52,195,230,248],"file)":[53],"decision":[56,131,150],"as":[58,97,126,171,253],"whether":[60,75],"not":[62],"members":[64,136,155],"comparison-pair":[67],"same":[70],"person":[71],"event,":[73],"there":[76],"insufficient":[78],"evidence":[79],"justify":[81],"either":[82],"these":[84,167],"decisions":[85,93,114],"at":[86,260],"stipulated":[87],"levels":[88,269],"error.":[90],"These":[91],"three":[92],"are":[94,115,124,141,169,177,188,308],"referred":[95],"link":[98,108],"(A":[99,103,109],"1),":[100],"non-link":[102],"3),":[104],"possible":[107,214,231],"2).":[110],"The":[111,119,164,204],"first":[112],"called":[116],"positive":[117,281],"dispositions.":[118,282],"types":[121],"error":[123,128,147,262],"defined":[125,170,246],"1":[133],"when":[134,153],"pair":[140,159],"fact":[143,162],"unmatched,":[144],"3":[152],"are,":[160],"matched.":[163],"probabilities":[165,179,220],"errors":[168],"respectively":[173],"where":[174],"u(\u03b3),":[175],"m(\u03b3)":[176],"realizing":[181],"\u03b3":[182,234],"(a":[183],"vector":[185],"whose":[186],"components":[187],"coded":[190],"agreements":[191],"disagreements":[193],"on":[194],"characteristic)":[196],"unmatched":[198],"matched":[200],"record":[201],"pairs":[202],"respectively.":[203],"summation":[205],"over":[207],"whole":[209],"space":[211],"r":[212],"realizations.":[215],"linkage":[217,239,293],"rule":[218,240,255,273,294],"assigns":[219],"P(A":[221,224,227,258],"1|\u03b3),":[222],"2|\u03b3),":[225],"3|\u03b3)":[228],"realization":[232],"\u03b5":[235],"\u0393.":[236],"An":[237],"optimal":[238,292],"L":[241],"(\u03bc,":[242,251],"\u03bb,":[243],"\u0393)":[244],"value":[249],"\u03bb)":[252],"that":[256],"minimizes":[257,274],"2)":[259],"levels.":[263],"In":[264],"other":[265],"words,":[266],"fixed":[268],"error,":[271],"probability":[276],"failing":[278],"make":[280,302],"theorem":[284,300],"describing":[285],"construction":[287],"properties":[289],"corollaries":[297],"it":[303],"practical":[305],"working":[306],"tool":[307],"given.":[309]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":117},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":81},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":87},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":101},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":106},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":108},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":132},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":142},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":117},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":136},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":116},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":110}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
