{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072084236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10029","title":"Childhood asthma in the United States: Urban issues","display_name":"Childhood asthma in the United States: Urban issues","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072084236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10029","mag":"2072084236","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11747260"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ppul.10029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144578311","display_name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","issn_l":"1099-0496","issn":["1099-0496","8755-6863"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112197376","display_name":"Gail G. Shapiro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gail G. Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, 4540 Sandpoint Way NE, Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98105. ggs@asthmainc.org","Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, 4540 Sandpoint Way NE, Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98105. ggs@asthmainc.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035982669","display_name":"James W. Stout","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James W. Stout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112197376"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":4740,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4740},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7691,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59393064,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12259","display_name":"Environmental Justice and Health Disparities","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-asthma","display_name":"childhood asthma","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-asthma","display_name":"urban asthma","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-hospitalization","display_name":"asthma hospitalization","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-exacerbations","display_name":"asthma exacerbations","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allergen-exposure","display_name":"allergen exposure","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-mites","display_name":"dust mites","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cockroach-allergens","display_name":"cockroach allergens","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atopy","display_name":"atopy","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality","display_name":"air quality","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diet","display_name":"diet","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department-care","display_name":"emergency department care","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintenance-medication","display_name":"maintenance medication","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-care-quality","display_name":"asthma care quality","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-outreach","display_name":"community outreach","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-control","display_name":"environmental control","score":0.6420000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8330255746841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.7802166938781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.500537633895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.47885891795158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4614068567752838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4520953297615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125370674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527480","display_name":"Stressor","level":2,"score":0.44514909386634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4267209768295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777014857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383410","display_name":"Exacerbation","level":2,"score":0.42477524280548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777697326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757678","display_name":"Atopy","level":3,"score":0.4176935851573944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.36252743005752563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3232240676879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.25040513277053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.1919916570186615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.1731581687927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000485","descriptor_name":"Allergens","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002662","descriptor_name":"Child Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004781","descriptor_name":"Environmental Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006798","descriptor_name":"Housing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014504","descriptor_name":"Urban Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ppul.10029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144578311","display_name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","issn_l":"1099-0496","issn":["1099-0496","8755-6863"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11747260","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11747260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatric pulmonology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7390999794006348}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492260568","https://openalex.org/W1558307170","https://openalex.org/W1619796386","https://openalex.org/W1966983275","https://openalex.org/W1968330080","https://openalex.org/W1972653996","https://openalex.org/W1973078774","https://openalex.org/W1974736209","https://openalex.org/W1976198655","https://openalex.org/W1977761895","https://openalex.org/W1977793110","https://openalex.org/W1982431124","https://openalex.org/W1984050812","https://openalex.org/W1985478099","https://openalex.org/W1989165736","https://openalex.org/W1990889448","https://openalex.org/W1995674079","https://openalex.org/W1995698228","https://openalex.org/W1996254445","https://openalex.org/W1996523024","https://openalex.org/W2000754180","https://openalex.org/W2000884457","https://openalex.org/W2001509722","https://openalex.org/W2005607058","https://openalex.org/W2006499560","https://openalex.org/W2006866330","https://openalex.org/W2009420087","https://openalex.org/W2009807236","https://openalex.org/W2012624220","https://openalex.org/W2013506800","https://openalex.org/W2015428834","https://openalex.org/W2022267899","https://openalex.org/W2022403898","https://openalex.org/W2028755411","https://openalex.org/W2034656298","https://openalex.org/W2034930376","https://openalex.org/W2035326808","https://openalex.org/W2040879964","https://openalex.org/W2041184685","https://openalex.org/W2042755663","https://openalex.org/W2044283741","https://openalex.org/W2049793994","https://openalex.org/W2052755330","https://openalex.org/W2053163780","https://openalex.org/W2069934070","https://openalex.org/W2072136039","https://openalex.org/W2072405321","https://openalex.org/W2078516818","https://openalex.org/W2080575389","https://openalex.org/W2082319236","https://openalex.org/W2084934456","https://openalex.org/W2086078777","https://openalex.org/W2086521349","https://openalex.org/W2091569811","https://openalex.org/W2093067378","https://openalex.org/W2097223086","https://openalex.org/W2098468589","https://openalex.org/W2100598994","https://openalex.org/W2106098629","https://openalex.org/W2108906432","https://openalex.org/W2109208567","https://openalex.org/W2114969251","https://openalex.org/W2115377133","https://openalex.org/W2119043591","https://openalex.org/W2124425870","https://openalex.org/W2128373399","https://openalex.org/W2129623987","https://openalex.org/W2134373204","https://openalex.org/W2134760196","https://openalex.org/W2136730300","https://openalex.org/W2137341989","https://openalex.org/W2137588928","https://openalex.org/W2146549276","https://openalex.org/W2147949894","https://openalex.org/W2162962579","https://openalex.org/W2164230165","https://openalex.org/W2166645382","https://openalex.org/W2172197618","https://openalex.org/W2293538740","https://openalex.org/W2417176664","https://openalex.org/W2588060618","https://openalex.org/W4239132509"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2316178482","https://openalex.org/W2091977589","https://openalex.org/W4281381816","https://openalex.org/W2113778532","https://openalex.org/W2898932752","https://openalex.org/W2922852420","https://openalex.org/W2067965282","https://openalex.org/W1994103094","https://openalex.org/W1970397466","https://openalex.org/W2091518827"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,68],"prevalence":[1],"and":[2,15,33,40,72,78,86,98,102,115,129,221,238,259,273,289,292,305],"morbidity":[3],"of":[4,52,65,84,100,141,177,181,218,233,275,294,301],"asthma":[5,29,198],"are":[6,22,34,58,106,146,153,188,247,306],"growing":[7],"problems":[8,207],"that":[9,166,199,282],"appear":[10],"to":[11,25,37,44,61,94,109,143,159,170,191,204,226,242,255,268,271,297],"affect":[12],"urban":[13],"populations":[14,145],"particularly":[16],"impoverished":[17],"centers":[18],"disproportionately.":[19],"Poor":[20,151],"children":[21,57,152,158,187],"more":[23,35,107,122,154],"likely":[24,36,60,108,155,190],"be":[26,110,134],"hospitalized":[27],"for":[28,49,112,139,149,197],"than":[30,121,156],"nonpoor":[31,157],"children,":[32],"experience":[38],"clinical":[39],"social":[41],"dysfunction":[42],"due":[43],"asthma.":[45,103],"While":[46],"guidelines":[47,201],"exist":[48],"best":[50,223],"care":[51,162,172,182,272,276],"childhood":[53],"asthma,":[54],"the":[55,63,175,179,193,216,219,222,244,284],"neediest":[56],"least":[59],"encounter":[62],"benefits":[64],"these":[66,206],"recommendations.":[67],"relationship":[69],"between":[70],"host":[71],"environment":[73],"in":[74,90,118,163,249],"both":[75],"primary":[76],"causation":[77],"disease":[79,135,220],"exacerbation":[80],"is":[81,183],"an":[82],"area":[83],"research":[85,312],"debate.":[87],"Allergen":[88],"exposure":[89,261],"early":[91],"life":[92,239],"appears":[93],"correlate":[95],"with":[96,264,287],"sensitization":[97],"expression":[99],"atopy":[101],"Impoverished":[104],"households":[105],"reservoirs":[111],"dust":[113,257],"mite":[114,258],"cockroach":[116,260],"antigen":[117],"high":[119],"concentrations":[120],"affluent":[123],"settings.":[124],"Lifestyle":[125],"factors,":[126],"including":[127],"diet":[128],"ambient":[130],"air":[131],"quality,":[132],"may":[133,277],"modifiers.":[136],"Suboptimal":[137],"systems":[138],"delivery":[140],"healthcare":[142],"high-risk":[144],"obvious":[147],"targets":[148],"blame.":[150],"receive":[160,192],"sick":[161],"emergency":[164],"rooms":[165],"lack":[167],"a":[168,230],"connection":[169],"chronic":[171],"providers.":[173],"Besides":[174],"method":[176],"delivery,":[178],"quality":[180],"questionable,":[184],"as":[185,214,309,311],"poor":[186],"less":[189],"anti-inflammatory":[194],"maintenance":[195],"medications":[196],"evidence-based":[200],"recommend.":[202],"Efforts":[203,241],"correct":[205],"must":[208],"take":[209],"into":[210],"account":[211],"such":[212],"issues":[213],"explaining":[215],"nature":[217],"intervention":[224],"strategies":[225],"people":[227],"who":[228],"have":[229,262],"diverse":[231],"array":[232],"cultural":[234],"backgrounds,":[235],"belief":[236],"systems,":[237],"stressors.":[240],"improve":[243,269,278],"status":[245],"quo":[246],"underway":[248],"many":[250],"communities.":[251],"Environmental":[252],"control":[253],"measures":[254],"reduce":[256],"met":[263],"some":[265],"success.":[266],"Models":[267],"access":[270],"acceptance":[274],"community":[279],"outreach":[280],"maneuvers":[281],"connect":[283],"medical":[285],"establishment":[286],"families":[288],"patients.":[290],"Examination":[291],"assessment":[293],"new":[295],"approaches":[296],"facilitate":[298],"this":[299],"sort":[300],"communication":[302],"hold":[303],"promise":[304],"receiving":[307],"attention":[308],"well":[310],"dollars.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
