{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071958968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","title":"Partial discharges in HV machines; initial considerations for a PD specification","display_name":"Partial discharges in HV machines; initial considerations for a PD specification","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071958968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","mag":"2071958968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187726","display_name":"IEE Proceedings A Science Measurement and Technology","issn_l":"0960-7641","issn":["0960-7641","2054-0337"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEE Proceedings A Science, Measurement and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065786778","display_name":"J.W. Wood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.W. Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Generator Design Department, Parsons Turbine Generators Ltd., Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Generator Design Department, Parsons Turbine Generators Ltd., Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043527689","display_name":"Howard G. Sedding","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.G. Sedding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Division, Ontario Hydro, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Division, Ontario Hydro, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080061205","display_name":"W.K. Hogg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.K. Hogg","raw_affiliation_strings":[", Worthing, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", Worthing, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083295218","display_name":"Ian J. Kemp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-9987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-9987"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I.J. Kemp","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067425729","display_name":"Heng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0230-672X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0230-672X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3562,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60108317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"140","issue":"5","first_page":"409","last_page":"409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-discharge","display_name":"partial discharge","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-voltage-machines","display_name":"high-voltage machines","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-attenuation","display_name":"signal attenuation","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-winding","display_name":"end windings","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-windings","display_name":"motor windings","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traveling-waves","display_name":"traveling waves","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-pass-filter","display_name":"low-pass filter","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-spectrum","display_name":"frequency spectrum","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator-insulation","display_name":"stator insulation","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130143024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929972","display_name":"Partial discharge","level":3,"score":0.7328473329544067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.6379128098487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.622780442237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.6133197546005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34800285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159395","display_name":"Conductor","level":2,"score":0.5559791326522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4452555775642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4377244710922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.42473259568214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3439657688140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.33087900280952454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3021082878112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28268131613731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23689928650856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12952813506126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1993.0064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187726","display_name":"IEE Proceedings A Science Measurement and Technology","issn_l":"0960-7641","issn":["0960-7641","2054-0337"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEE Proceedings A Science, Measurement and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028907516","https://openalex.org/W2039471232","https://openalex.org/W2104343106","https://openalex.org/W2114553135","https://openalex.org/W2117778996","https://openalex.org/W2188614432","https://openalex.org/W4299676093"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2744942909","https://openalex.org/W2903539330","https://openalex.org/W2118324045","https://openalex.org/W1636981316","https://openalex.org/W4416772656","https://openalex.org/W2118413605","https://openalex.org/W3047834011","https://openalex.org/W2967258958","https://openalex.org/W2897975860","https://openalex.org/W2113679195"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Partial":[0],"discharge":[1],"(PD)":[2],"specifications":[3,16],"exist":[4],"for":[5],"all":[6],"types":[7],"of":[8,29,56,66,88,92,98,112,119,123,131,170],"electrical":[9],"equipment":[10,21,77,258],"except":[11],"motors":[12,31],"and":[13,32,38,74,140,161,190,240],"generators.":[14],"Whereas":[15],"essentially":[17,204],"require":[18],"that":[19,63,199,249],"the":[20,24,30,44,64,68,71,75,79,85,90,96,117,120,154,167,200,209,221,231,237,263],"is":[22,36,59,102,197,247],"discharge-free":[23],"stator":[25],"conductor":[26],"bar":[27],"insulation":[28],"generators":[33],"under":[34],"consideration":[35],"micaceous":[37],"has":[39],"excellent":[40],"PD":[41,72,94,99,124,159,171,201],"resistance.":[42],"Consequently,":[43,245],"intention":[45],"in":[46],"a":[47,53,93,110,134,158,162,175,206,228,260],"specification":[48],"would":[49],"be":[50,82,178,252],"to":[51,108,149,177,186,254],"permit":[52],"certain":[54],"level":[55],"PD.":[57],"It":[58,196],"therefore":[60],"particularly":[61],"important":[62],"problem":[65,97],"overcoming":[67],"attenuation":[69,101,114],"between":[70],"site":[73],"measurement":[76,125],"at":[78],"winding":[80,176,238],"terminals":[81],"solved.":[83],"Within":[84],"general":[86],"context":[87],"examining":[89,116],"feasibility":[91],"specification,":[95],"signal":[100],"addressed.":[103],"The":[104,127,180,224],"approach":[105],"adopted":[106],"was":[107,218],"seek":[109],"region":[111],"low":[113,267],"by":[115],"whole":[118],"possible":[121,253],"range":[122],"frequencies.":[126],"investigations":[128],"described":[129],"consist":[130],"experiments":[132],"on":[133,141,236],"full-size":[135],"500":[136],"MW":[137],"endwinding":[138],"model":[139],"two":[142],"large":[143],"high-voltage":[144],"motor":[145],"windings.":[146],"Careful":[147],"screening":[148],"reduce":[150],"radiative":[151],"pick-up":[152],"from":[153,184],"calibration":[155],"generator":[156],"simulating":[157],"source":[160],"direct":[163],"earthing":[164],"scheme":[165],"enabled":[166],"essential":[168],"elements":[169],"pulse":[172,202],"transfer":[173],"through":[174,220],"determined.":[179],"frequencies":[181],"investigated":[182],"ranged":[183],"kHz":[185],"GHz.":[187],"Pulse":[188],"transmission":[189],"frequency":[191,233],"spectrum":[192],"measurements":[193],"were":[194],"made.":[195],"concluded":[198,248],"transmits":[203],"as":[205,227],"travelling":[207],"wave,":[208],"high-frequency":[210],"components":[211],"being":[212,234,241],"highly":[213],"attenuated.":[214],"No":[215],"significant":[216],"crosscoupling":[217],"apparent":[219],"end-winding":[222],"region.":[223],"windings":[225],"acted":[226],"low-pass":[229],"filter,":[230],"cut-off":[232],"dependent":[235],"length,":[239],"below":[242,262],"1":[243],"MHz.":[244],"it":[246,250],"should":[251],"measure":[255],"PD,":[256],"using":[257],"with":[259,266],"passband":[261],"low-frequency":[264],"cut-off,":[265],"attentuation.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-02T10:15:12.560889","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}