{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071908899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","title":"Tannins of Grain Sorghum: Luteoforol (Leucoluteolinidin), 3\u2032,4,4\u2032,5,7\u2010Pentahydroxyflavan","display_name":"Tannins of Grain Sorghum: Luteoforol (Leucoluteolinidin), 3\u2032,4,4\u2032,5,7\u2010Pentahydroxyflavan","publication_year":1969,"publication_date":"1969-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071908899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","mag":"2071908899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23579880","display_name":"Journal of Food Science","issn_l":"0022-1147","issn":["0022-1147","1750-3841"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Food Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087541663","display_name":"E.C. Bate-Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. C. BATE\u2010SMITH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Research Council Institute of Animal Physiology Babraham, Cambridge, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Research Council Institute of Animal Physiology Babraham, Cambridge, England","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029978565","display_name":"Vladimir F. Rasper","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. RA\u0160PER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Research Council Institute of Animal Physiology Babraham, Cambridge, England","Department of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra-Legon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Research Council Institute of Animal Physiology Babraham, Cambridge, England","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra-Legon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2832,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87194412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":"203","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10035","display_name":"Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities","score":0.6029999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10035","display_name":"Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities","score":0.6029999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14505","display_name":"Natural Products and Applications","score":0.163100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14127","display_name":"Food and Agricultural Sciences","score":0.0934000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-sorghum","display_name":"grain sorghum","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tannins","display_name":"tannins","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leucoanthocyanins","display_name":"leucoanthocyanins","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luteolinidin","display_name":"luteolinidin","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tannin-determination","display_name":"tannin determination","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorghum-varieties","display_name":"sorghum varieties","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leucocyanidin","display_name":"leucocyanidin","score":0.8289999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780309462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187607","display_name":"Tannin","level":2,"score":0.899896502494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778157034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12111","display_name":"Sorghum","level":2,"score":0.8911811113357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.7141857743263245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6853644847869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193601281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19426","display_name":"Lightness","level":2,"score":0.6319193243980408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781393965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427956","display_name":"Tannic acid","level":2,"score":0.6124857664108276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77784730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415265","display_name":"Proanthocyanidin","level":4,"score":0.4705386757850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778945092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q262547","display_name":"Anthocyanin","level":2,"score":0.456871896982193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C802800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8024923","display_name":"Wine color","level":3,"score":0.4363710582256317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2869214415550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70899900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290439","display_name":"Polyphenol","level":3,"score":0.2720002233982086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14872205257415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08836227655410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.08180740475654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00919.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23579880","display_name":"Journal of Food Science","issn_l":"0022-1147","issn":["0022-1147","1750-3841"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Food Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.9208999872207642,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1453351567","https://openalex.org/W1972911856","https://openalex.org/W1980629376","https://openalex.org/W2006305488","https://openalex.org/W2124468767","https://openalex.org/W3008608201","https://openalex.org/W4239921619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008664130","https://openalex.org/W2352965576","https://openalex.org/W1976330915","https://openalex.org/W1620746264","https://openalex.org/W2184926321","https://openalex.org/W2046581421","https://openalex.org/W2030303281","https://openalex.org/W3084341680","https://openalex.org/W2048759600","https://openalex.org/W2378800470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SUMMARY\u2013":[0],"The":[1,17,65,84,118,136],"principal":[2],"tannin":[3],"of":[4,22,25,30,55,70,72,86,103,138,148],"sorghum":[5,73],"is":[6,63],"a":[7,43,68,130],"leuco\u2010anthocyanin":[8],"yielding":[9],"luteolinidin":[10],"(3\u2032,4\u2032,5,7\u2010tetrahydroxy\u2010flavylium)":[11],"when":[12,33],"heated":[13],"with":[14,35,46,67,76],"mineral":[15,37],"acid.":[16],"precursor,":[18],"luteoforol,":[19,112],"has":[20],"most":[21],"the":[23,40,53,80,89,134],"properties":[24],"3\u2032,4,4\u2032,5,7\u2010penta\u2010hydroxyflavan":[26],"prepared":[27],"by":[28,79,145],"reduction":[29],"eriodictyol.":[31],"Luteoforol,":[32],"treated":[34],"concentrated":[36],"acid":[38],"in":[39,57],"cold,":[41],"gives":[42],"purple":[44],"color":[45],"\u039b":[47],"max":[48],"550nm.":[49],"A":[50],"method":[51],"for":[52,100],"determination":[54],"luteoforol":[56,87],"sorghum,":[58],"based":[59],"on":[60],"this":[61],"property,":[62],"described.":[64],"results":[66],"number":[69],"varieties":[71],"are":[74],"compared":[75],"those":[77],"obtained":[78],"AOAC":[81],"Folin\u2010Denis":[82],"method.":[83],"contribution":[85],"to":[88,96,125],"\u201ctannin\u201d":[90,119],"so":[91],"determined":[92],"varies":[93],"from":[94],"1":[95],"<":[97],"25%.":[98],"Except":[99],"one":[101],"sample":[102],"Kaffir":[104],"corn,":[105],"which":[106],"contained":[107],"leucocyanidin":[108],"as":[109,111,127],"well":[110],"no":[113],"other":[114],"tannins":[115],"were":[116],"detected.":[117],"content":[120],"varied":[121],"widely,":[122],"(from":[123],"0.05":[124],"0.67%":[126],"tannic":[128],"acid),":[129],"white\u2010skinned":[131],"variety":[132],"having":[133],"least.":[135],"uniformity":[137],"commercial":[139],"samples":[140],"can":[141],"be":[142],"rapidly":[143],"evaluated":[144],"single\u2010grain":[146],"determinations":[147],"luteoforol.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
