{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071282822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2865","title":"The morality of patents on pre-implantation genetic diagnosis","display_name":"The morality of patents on pre-implantation genetic diagnosis","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071282822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2865","mag":"2071282822","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24714476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/nbt.2865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106963461","display_name":"Nature Biotechnology","issn_l":"0733-222X","issn":["0733-222X","1087-0156","1546-1696","2331-3684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"letter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061129814","display_name":"David B. Resnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-9555","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-9555"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David B Resnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA","National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061129814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"4","first_page":"319","last_page":"320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.711899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.711899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.08860000222921371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.08529999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preimplantation-genetic-diagnosis","display_name":"preimplantation genetic diagnosis","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patents","display_name":"patents","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"intellectual property","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-embryo","display_name":"human embryo","score":0.40400001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-screening","display_name":"genetic screening","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioethics","display_name":"bioethics","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-technology-regulation","display_name":"reproductive technology regulation","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directive-98-44-ec","display_name":"Directive 98/44/EC","score":0.8859999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200113983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48324","display_name":"Morality","level":2,"score":0.661292552947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993153387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285223","display_name":"Genetic diagnosis","level":3,"score":0.495248943567276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984145337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253623","display_name":"Patent law","level":3,"score":0.4286154508590698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.4236694574356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.32297730445861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.30436205863952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2693274915218353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2244657278060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1841886043548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1776427924633026}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004345","descriptor_name":"Drug Industry","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005854","descriptor_name":"Germ Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019836","descriptor_name":"Preimplantation Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/nbt.2865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106963461","display_name":"Nature Biotechnology","issn_l":"0733-222X","issn":["0733-222X","1087-0156","1546-1696","2331-3684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24714476","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24714476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature biotechnology","raw_type":"Letter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541160439","https://openalex.org/W1855435877","https://openalex.org/W1976887241","https://openalex.org/W1977661757","https://openalex.org/W2044451455","https://openalex.org/W2118005121","https://openalex.org/W2158925661","https://openalex.org/W2160083717","https://openalex.org/W2318772363","https://openalex.org/W3208723114","https://openalex.org/W4244716200"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W118066425","https://openalex.org/W564723728","https://openalex.org/W2131301317","https://openalex.org/W2030467614","https://openalex.org/W2512075003","https://openalex.org/W4382394783","https://openalex.org/W2775037168","https://openalex.org/W2990001710","https://openalex.org/W2415511538","https://openalex.org/W2362093348"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}