{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071173889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","title":"Innovation expenditures and the role of government in Belgium","display_name":"Innovation expenditures and the role of government in Belgium","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071173889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","mag":"2071173889"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9731383","display_name":"Research Policy","issn_l":"0048-7333","issn":["0048-7333","1873-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/5c2c8d3a-ea09-4f7d-aee6-26d1269c82d5","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067071678","display_name":"Benni Holemans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benni Holemans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industry and Company Analysis Program, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industry and Company Analysis Program, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002037861","display_name":"Leo Evariste Sleuwaegen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-0606","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-0606"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Sleuwaegen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industry and Company Analysis Program, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industry and Company Analysis Program, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":4280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4280},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4999,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89855139,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"6","first_page":"375","last_page":"379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.019099999219179153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-expenditure","display_name":"innovation expenditure","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-investment","display_name":"R&D investment","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-companies","display_name":"foreign companies","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-firms","display_name":"domestic firms","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schumpeterian-hypothesis","display_name":"Schumpeterian hypothesis","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7353050708770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5966714024543762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.45915713906288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3921240568161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.36509981751441956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(88)90035-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9731383","display_name":"Research Policy","issn_l":"0048-7333","issn":["0048-7333","1873-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/118115","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/118115","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/5c2c8d3a-ea09-4f7d-aee6-26d1269c82d5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTEW Research Report 8607","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:respol:v:17:y:1988:i:6:p:375-379","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048-7333(88)90035-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/118115","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/118115","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/5c2c8d3a-ea09-4f7d-aee6-26d1269c82d5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTEW Research Report 8607","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6773999929428101,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5220999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2071173889.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2071173889.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503919921","https://openalex.org/W1507651230","https://openalex.org/W1508432820","https://openalex.org/W1548940807","https://openalex.org/W1549597185","https://openalex.org/W1568247360","https://openalex.org/W1588129026","https://openalex.org/W1597440828","https://openalex.org/W1966020720","https://openalex.org/W1983170194","https://openalex.org/W1988213711","https://openalex.org/W2002816474","https://openalex.org/W2070855525","https://openalex.org/W2073544427","https://openalex.org/W2092896614","https://openalex.org/W2136429787","https://openalex.org/W2164658912","https://openalex.org/W2322865823","https://openalex.org/W2339066193","https://openalex.org/W2586559052","https://openalex.org/W2795990598","https://openalex.org/W2800845167","https://openalex.org/W2905958986","https://openalex.org/W3122935946","https://openalex.org/W3123055224","https://openalex.org/W3124190931","https://openalex.org/W4404399034","https://openalex.org/W6874739621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2092896614","https://openalex.org/W7141620672","https://openalex.org/W7097888256","https://openalex.org/W7061455499","https://openalex.org/W7100707639","https://openalex.org/W2203437729","https://openalex.org/W1573125972","https://openalex.org/W2522345813","https://openalex.org/W2055859755","https://openalex.org/W2184252142"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
