{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2070168581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","title":"\u2018Cycle Thieves, We Are Watching You\u2019: Impact of a Simple Signage Intervention against Bicycle Theft","display_name":"\u2018Cycle Thieves, We Are Watching You\u2019: Impact of a Simple Signage Intervention against Bicycle Theft","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2070168581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","mag":"2070168581","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23251615","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3520908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051738&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051738&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034690621","display_name":"Daniel Nettle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-2599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-2599","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5422-709X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Nettle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom. daniel.nettle@ncl.ac.uk","Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom. daniel.nettle@ncl.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109885230","display_name":"Kenneth H. Nott","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Nott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Estate Security Service, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Estate Security Service, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062703149","display_name":"Melissa Bateson B","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-0191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-0191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Bateson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034690621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"apc_list":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"apc_paid":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"fwci":32.5913,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":205,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9959209,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"12","first_page":"e51738","last_page":"e51738"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.008299999870359898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bicycle-theft","display_name":"bicycle theft","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-prevention","display_name":"crime prevention","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/place-based-crime-prevention","display_name":"place-based crime prevention","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-campus","display_name":"university campus","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deterrence","display_name":"deterrence","score":0.4009999930858612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114938261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211272","display_name":"Signage","level":2,"score":0.8922077417373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6590437293052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4793851375579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.40701502561569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37032458186149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3405252695083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3202698528766632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26667773723602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.22907325625419617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1881779432296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.07568228244781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001642","descriptor_name":"Bicycling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008123","descriptor_name":"Location Directories and Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013800","descriptor_name":"Theft","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":10,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051738&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2523346","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3520908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3520908","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3520908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:23251615","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23251615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.813.1981","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.813.1981","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/44/71/pone.0051738.PMC3520908.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pone00:0051738","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8bc3ce4d92eb4c039e59fabacde79713","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8bc3ce4d92eb4c039e59fabacde79713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e51738 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:harvest.issuelab.org:28955","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://issuelab.org/permalink/resource/28955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196281","display_name":"Issue Lab (Candid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144560","host_organization_name":"Candid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144560"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"doi:10.25405/ncl.34197483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34197483","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34197483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402485","display_name":"Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","host_organization_name":"Newcastle University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.25405/ncl.34197483.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34197483.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34197483.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402485","display_name":"Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","host_organization_name":"Newcastle University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051738","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051738&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320295","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2070168581.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2070168581.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481908410","https://openalex.org/W1503127211","https://openalex.org/W1562894470","https://openalex.org/W1964662511","https://openalex.org/W1973057208","https://openalex.org/W1979222721","https://openalex.org/W2000707062","https://openalex.org/W2004944439","https://openalex.org/W2026328911","https://openalex.org/W2027328206","https://openalex.org/W2042581243","https://openalex.org/W2044237036","https://openalex.org/W2053269151","https://openalex.org/W2061672878","https://openalex.org/W2066113972","https://openalex.org/W2070898498","https://openalex.org/W2103958511","https://openalex.org/W2108815172","https://openalex.org/W2126429064","https://openalex.org/W2146746261","https://openalex.org/W2149059351","https://openalex.org/W2154600365","https://openalex.org/W2155386525","https://openalex.org/W2159592200","https://openalex.org/W2292636457","https://openalex.org/W2588731811","https://openalex.org/W2752099845"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417336057","https://openalex.org/W7071925056","https://openalex.org/W2155386525","https://openalex.org/W2052409091","https://openalex.org/W3133974246","https://openalex.org/W7008291374","https://openalex.org/W4246884304","https://openalex.org/W2779728077","https://openalex.org/W4399796874","https://openalex.org/W2128779486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Bicycle":[1,130],"theft":[2],"is":[3,12,45,242],"a":[4,13,39,65,69,78,115,176,238],"serious":[5],"problem":[6],"in":[7,33,38,143,213],"many":[8],"countries,":[9],"and":[10,77,106,126,195],"there":[11,200],"lack":[14],"of":[15,23,41,57,64,103,110,167,191,210,216,244],"evidence":[16],"concerning":[17],"effective":[18],"prevention":[19,184],"strategies.":[20],"Displaying":[21],"images":[22],"'watching":[24],"eyes'":[25],"has":[26],"been":[27],"shown":[28],"to":[29,156,180,206,234],"make":[30],"people":[31],"behave":[32],"more":[34],"socially":[35],"desirable":[36],"ways":[37],"number":[40],"settings,":[42],"but":[43,139,153],"it":[44],"not":[46],"yet":[47],"clear":[48],"if":[49],"this":[50,192,226],"effect":[51,166,178],"can":[52,201],"be":[53,202,229],"exploited":[54],"for":[55,122,164,221],"purposes":[56],"crime":[58,183],"prevention.":[59],"We":[60,91],"report":[61],"the":[62,108,111,128,136,144,149,165,168,208,214],"results":[63],"simple":[66,196],"intervention":[67,169,197],"on":[68,225],"university":[70,112],"campus":[71,113],"where":[72],"signs":[73,94,150],"featuring":[74],"watching":[75],"eyes":[76],"related":[79],"verbal":[80],"message":[81],"were":[82,120,151],"displayed":[83],"above":[84],"bicycle":[85,104],"racks.":[86],"METHODOLOGY":[87],"AND":[88,187],"PRINCIPAL":[89],"FINDINGS:":[90],"installed":[92],"durable":[93],"at":[95,135],"three":[96],"locations":[97,157,223],"which":[98],"had":[99],"experienced":[100],"high":[101],"levels":[102],"theft,":[105],"used":[107],"rest":[109],"as":[114,231],"control":[116,145],"location.":[117],"Reported":[118],"thefts":[119,131],"monitored":[121],"12":[123],"months":[124],"before":[125],"after":[127],"intervention.":[129],"decreased":[132],"by":[133,141],"62%":[134],"experimental":[137],"locations,":[138,146],"increased":[140],"65%":[142],"suggesting":[147],"that":[148,199],"effective,":[152],"displaced":[154],"offending":[155],"with":[158],"no":[159],"signs.":[160],"The":[161,189],"Odds":[162],"Ratio":[163],"was":[170],"4.28":[171],"(95%":[172],"confidence":[173],"interval":[174],"2.04-8.98),":[175],"large":[177],"compared":[179],"other":[181,235],"place-based":[182],"interventions.":[185],"CONCLUSIONS":[186],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[188],"effectiveness":[190],"extremely":[193],"cheap":[194],"suggests":[198],"considerable":[203],"crime-reduction":[204],"benefits":[205],"engaging":[207],"psychology":[209],"surveillance,":[211],"even":[212],"absence":[215],"surveillance":[217],"itself.":[218],"Simple":[219],"interventions":[220],"high-crime":[222],"based":[224],"principle":[227],"should":[228],"considered":[230],"an":[232],"adjunct":[233],"measures,":[236],"although":[237],"possible":[239],"negative":[240],"consequence":[241],"displacement":[243],"offending.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
