{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2070126136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","title":"Thin-Film Piezoelectric Unimorph Actuator-Based Deformable Mirror With a Transferred Silicon Membrane","display_name":"Thin-Film Piezoelectric Unimorph Actuator-Based Deformable Mirror With a Transferred Silicon Membrane","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2070126136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","mag":"2070126136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187724","display_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","issn_l":"1057-7157","issn":["1057-7157","1941-0158"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706426","display_name":"Eui\u2010Hyeok Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-1691","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-1691"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E.-H. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","Stevens Institute of Technology,Hoboken,NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stevens Institute of Technology,Hoboken,NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083613226","display_name":"Yoshikazu Hishinuma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2948482138","display_name":"Fujifilm (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0493bmq37","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2948482138"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Hishinuma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuji Photo Film Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuji Photo Film Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2948482138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051573571","display_name":"Jinguang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4969-1960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4969-1960","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-3062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.-G. Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy and Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy and Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032028141","display_name":"Susan E. Trolier-McKinstry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-9281","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-9281"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Trolier-Mckinstry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113548724","display_name":"Eric E. Bloemhof","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Bloemhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032172559","display_name":"Bruce Martin Levine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.M. Levine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9529,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90028507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"1214","last_page":"1225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.510699987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.510699987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.3425000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.04280000180006027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformable-mirror","display_name":"deformable mirror","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pzt-thin-films","display_name":"PZT thin films","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-membranes","display_name":"silicon membranes","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-micromachining","display_name":"bulk micromachining","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-solution-deposition","display_name":"chemical solution deposition","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/d31-mode","display_name":"d31 mode","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator-arrays","display_name":"actuator arrays","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-optics","display_name":"adaptive optics","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrestrial-planet-finder","display_name":"Terrestrial Planet Finder","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influence-function","display_name":"influence function","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mirror-deflection","display_name":"mirror deflection","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mems-actuators","display_name":"MEMS actuators","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779055265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7885234","display_name":"Unimorph","level":3,"score":0.9889163970947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6785821914672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.6714798212051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.6274102926254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100082104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183759","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","level":2,"score":0.5561133027076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","level":2,"score":0.486537367105484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.47639957070350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136872047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251695","display_name":"Deformable mirror","level":3,"score":0.4632834792137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4038974642753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3341403305530548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.32604339718818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23540008068084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15553471446037292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.11306402087211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10936194658279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2006.880208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187724","display_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","issn_l":"1057-7157","issn":["1057-7157","1941-0158"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332375","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337367","display_name":"Division of Materials Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01pc7k308"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500238105","https://openalex.org/W1676429363","https://openalex.org/W1973094971","https://openalex.org/W1984796508","https://openalex.org/W1990544299","https://openalex.org/W1998876139","https://openalex.org/W1999022694","https://openalex.org/W2002607826","https://openalex.org/W2010746738","https://openalex.org/W2031480071","https://openalex.org/W2057038182","https://openalex.org/W2058492200","https://openalex.org/W2067883321","https://openalex.org/W2068381242","https://openalex.org/W2074571329","https://openalex.org/W2082199984","https://openalex.org/W2085037691","https://openalex.org/W2102269271","https://openalex.org/W2130316768","https://openalex.org/W2140893710","https://openalex.org/W2145818690","https://openalex.org/W2161990046","https://openalex.org/W2164977090","https://openalex.org/W2508509273","https://openalex.org/W3160396186","https://openalex.org/W6725146462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140893710","https://openalex.org/W786506725","https://openalex.org/W3197285064","https://openalex.org/W2077538979","https://openalex.org/W2074571329","https://openalex.org/W7100302968","https://openalex.org/W2030847933","https://openalex.org/W2056187179","https://openalex.org/W2057093851","https://openalex.org/W2061683627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,10,31,43,50,157,168],"proof-of-concept":[4],"deformable":[5],"mirror":[6,173,193],"(DM)":[7],"technology,":[8],"with":[9,85,132,150,167],"continuous":[11],"single-crystal":[12],"silicon":[13,46,64,87,171],"membrane":[14,25,47,83,102,111,172],"reflecting":[15],"surface,":[16],"based":[17],"on$":[18],"PbZr":[19],"_0.52":[20],"Ti_0.48":[21],"O":[22],"_3$(PZT)":[23],"unimorph":[24,53,130,144,182],"microactuators.":[26],"A":[27,97,142,164],"potential":[28],"application":[29],"for":[30],"terrestrial":[32],"planet":[33],"finder":[34],"adaptive":[35],"nuller":[36],"is":[37],"also":[38],"discussed.":[39],"The":[40,56,76,127,190],"DM":[41,165,204],"comprises":[42],"continuous,":[44],"large-aperture,":[45],"\u201ctransferred\u201d":[48],"onto":[49],"20$,times,$20":[51],"piezoelectric":[52,129],"actuator":[54,57,95],"array.":[55],"array":[58],"was":[59,78,118,184,198],"prepared":[60],"on":[61],"an":[62,206,214],"electroded":[63],"substrate":[65,77],"using":[66],"chemical-solution-deposited":[67],"2-$mu":[68],"m$-thick":[69,170],"PZT":[70,134,143,181],"films":[71,135],"working":[72],"in":[73,93,107,148],"a$d":[74],"_31$mode.":[75],"subsequently":[79],"bulk-micromachined":[80],"to":[81],"create":[82],"structures":[84],"residual":[86],"acting":[88],"as":[89],"the":[90,94,101,108,121,124],"passive":[91],"layer":[92],"structure.":[96],"mathematical":[98],"model":[99,122],"simulated":[100],"microactuator":[103],"performance":[104],"and":[105,113,123,154,187,213],"aided":[106],"optimization":[109],"of":[110,159,210,217],"thicknesses":[112],"electrode":[114],"geometries.":[115],"Excellent":[116],"agreement":[117],"obtained":[119],"between":[120],"experimental":[125],"results.":[126],"resulting":[128],"actuators":[131,183],"patterned":[133],"produced":[136],"large":[137],"strokes":[138],"at":[139,195],"low":[140],"voltages.":[141],"actuator,":[145],"2.5":[146],"mm":[147,176],"diameter":[149],"optimized":[151],"PZT/silicon":[152],"thickness":[153],"design":[155],"showed":[156,205],"deflection":[158,194],"5.7$~mu":[160],"m$at":[161],"20":[162],"V.":[163],"structure":[166],"20-$mu":[169],"(50":[174],"mm$times,$50":[175],"area)":[177],"supported":[178],"by":[179],"400":[180],"successfully":[185],"fabricated":[186],"optically":[188],"characterized.":[189],"measured":[191],"maximum":[192],"30":[196,211],"V":[197],"approximately":[199,218],"1$~mu":[200],"m$.":[201],"An":[202],"assembled":[203],"operating":[207],"frequency":[208],"bandwidth":[209],"kHz":[212],"influence":[215],"function":[216],"30%.":[219],"1738":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
