{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069360263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","title":"Long\u2010Term In Situ Leaching and Degradation of Six Herbicides Aged in Subsoils","display_name":"Long\u2010Term In Situ Leaching and Degradation of Six Herbicides Aged in Subsoils","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069360263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","mag":"2069360263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81083566","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","issn_l":"0047-2425","issn":["0047-2425","1537-2537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112061573","display_name":"Terry L. Lavy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. L. Lavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113523103","display_name":"John D. Mattice","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. D. Mattice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109446631","display_name":"J. H. Massey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78715868","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Fayetteville","ror":"https://ror.org/05jbt9m15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. H. Massey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy Univ. of Arkansas, Altheimer Lab 276 Altheimer Drive Fayetteville AR 72704"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy Univ. of Arkansas, Altheimer Lab 276 Altheimer Drive Fayetteville AR 72704","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030017352","display_name":"Briggs W. Skulman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. W. Skulman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008226765","display_name":"Scott Allen Senseman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7929-6873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7929-6873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316910977","display_name":"DuPont (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g3m1w62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Senseman","raw_affiliation_strings":["DuPont Agricultural Products Exp. Stn. Wilmington DE 19880"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DuPont Agricultural Products Exp. Stn. Wilmington DE 19880","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090875166","display_name":"E. E. Gbur","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. E. Gbur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy Texas A & M Univ. College Station TX 77843","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059175927","display_name":"Michael R. Barrett","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302368450","display_name":"Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. R. Barrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. EPA 401 M St. S.W. Washington DC 20460"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. EPA 401 M St. S.W. Washington DC 20460","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112061573"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":{"value":1910,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1910},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7652738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"6","first_page":"1268","last_page":"1279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11423","display_name":"Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-persistence","display_name":"herbicide persistence","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsoil","display_name":"subsoil","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-degradation","display_name":"herbicide degradation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaching","display_name":"leaching","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrazine","display_name":"atrazine","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metribuzin","display_name":"metribuzin","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metolachlor","display_name":"metolachlor","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/picloram","display_name":"picloram","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-4-d","display_name":"2,4-D","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alachlor","display_name":"alachlor","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storage-containers","display_name":"storage containers","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-depth","display_name":"soil depth","score":0.7200000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780359760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421204","display_name":"Alachlor","level":4,"score":0.8069385290145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90982505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938886","display_name":"Leaching (pedology)","level":3,"score":0.792609691619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424662","display_name":"Picloram","level":2,"score":0.6491588354110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778787149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409598","display_name":"Metolachlor","level":4,"score":0.6020321249961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779595939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408652","display_name":"Atrazine","level":3,"score":0.5712957978248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5595890283584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779315688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421450","display_name":"Metribuzin","level":3,"score":0.543830394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5367632508277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.5045183897018433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.43589332699775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.311067670583725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.26278606057167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.17030292749404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10993725061416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.09905517101287842}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060015x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81083566","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","issn_l":"0047-2425","issn":["0047-2425","1537-2537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306107","display_name":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069353049","https://openalex.org/W2621332630","https://openalex.org/W1983926714","https://openalex.org/W2063235524","https://openalex.org/W2041039061","https://openalex.org/W7098832489","https://openalex.org/W2336575895","https://openalex.org/W749302881","https://openalex.org/W1993665203","https://openalex.org/W2080668403"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Only":[1],"limited":[2],"information":[3],"exists":[4],"concerning":[5],"the":[6,17,24,87,100,121,167,204],"fate":[7],"of":[8,19,26,33,72,96,110,114,120,132,149,166,180,195,213],"aged":[9,27],"herbicide":[10,28,97,152],"residues":[11,29],"in":[12,23,30,70,78,99,147,178,187,220],"subsurface":[13],"soils.":[14],"To":[15],"assess":[16],"importance":[18],"degradation":[20,123,145,170,191],"and":[21,47,58,90,124,164,192,200],"leaching":[22,125,160,185,194],"persistence":[25,212],"subsoils,":[31],"formulations":[32],"atrazine":[34],"(2\u2010chloro\u20104\u2010ethylamino\u20106\u2010isopropylamino\u20101,3,5\u2010triazine),":[35],"metribuzin":[36],"(4\u2010amino\u20106\u2010tert\u2010butyl\u20104,5\u2010dihydro\u20103\u2010methylthio\u20101,2,4\u2010triazin\u20105\u2010one),":[37],"metolachlor":[38],"(2\u2010chloro\u20106\u2032\u2010ethyl\u2010N\u2010(2\u2010methoxy\u20101\u2010methylethyl)acet\u2010o\u2010toluidide),":[39],"picloram":[40,196],"(4\u2010amino\u20103,5,":[41],"6\u2010trichloropyridine\u20102\u2010carboxylic":[42],"acid),":[43,46],"2,4\u2010D":[44],"(2,4\u2010dichlorophenoxyacetic":[45],"alachlor":[48,214],"(2\u2010chloro\u20102\u2032,6\u2032\u2010diethyl\u2010N\u2010methoxyethylacetanilide)":[49],"were":[50,68,106],"applied":[51],"separately":[52],"to":[53,62,216],"two":[54,73,103,111],"moist":[55],"Arkansas":[56],"subsoils":[57,67,101,221],"buried":[59,77],"for":[60,118],"up":[61],"3":[63],"yr.":[64],"The":[65],"treated":[66],"placed":[69],"one":[71],"storage":[74,115],"container":[75],"types,":[76],"situ":[79],"at":[80,92,102,198,203,222],"30,":[81],"90,":[82],"or":[83],"150":[84,201],"cm":[85,202],"within":[86],"soil":[88,154],"profile,":[89],"retrieved":[91],"6\u2010mo":[93],"intervals.":[94],"Amounts":[95],"remaining":[98],"study":[104,224],"locations":[105],"determined":[107],"chromatographically.":[108],"Use":[109],"different":[112],"types":[113],"containers":[116],"allowed":[117],"comparison":[119],"relative":[122,215],"that":[126,136],"occurred":[127,146,161,177,186,197],"with":[128],"time.":[129,168],"Statistical":[130],"evaluation":[131],"these":[133],"data":[134],"found":[135],"significant":[137],"early":[138],"(less":[139],"than":[140,172],"6":[141,173],"mo":[142,174],"after":[143,175],"treatment)":[144,176],"80%":[148],"36":[150],"possible":[151],"\u00d7":[153,156],"depth":[155],"location":[157],"combinations.":[158],"Early":[159],"between":[162],"30":[163],"50%":[165],"Long\u2010term":[169],"(greater":[171],"23":[179],"28":[181],"cases,":[182],"while":[183],"long\u2010term":[184],"7":[188],"cases.":[189],"Slow":[190],"notable":[193],"90":[199],"loamy":[205],"fine":[206],"sand":[207],"location.":[208],"In":[209],"addition,":[210],"prolonged":[211],"metoachlor":[217],"was":[218],"observed":[219],"both":[223],"locations.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}