{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2068351024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2132","title":"Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets","display_name":"Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2068351024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2132","mag":"2068351024","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17016423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/nrd2132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186543748","display_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","issn_l":"1474-1776","issn":["1474-1776","1474-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2068351024"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047714749","display_name":"Peter Imming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-3887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-3887"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68956291","display_name":"Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gqaka33","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter Imming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany. peter.imming@pharmazie.uni-halle.de","Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany. peter.imming@pharmazie.uni-halle.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065770459","display_name":"Christian Sinning","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68956291","display_name":"Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gqaka33","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Sinning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Achim Meyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68956291","display_name":"Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gqaka33","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Achim Meyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047714749"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68956291"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7309,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":850,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92156863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"10","first_page":"821","last_page":"834"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3002","display_name":"Drug Discovery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3002","display_name":"Drug Discovery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11178","display_name":"Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13656","display_name":"Science, Research, and Medicine","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-target","display_name":"therapeutic target","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-discovery","display_name":"drug discovery","score":0.38100001215934753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.8171765804290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989108626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904407","display_name":"Drug target","level":2,"score":0.514851987361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.4801037609577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64903051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2198549","display_name":"Drug development","level":3,"score":0.4590124189853668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.40562209486961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4030190706253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.37638404965400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.376290500164032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36872732639312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.21781709790229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.20137527585029602}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010600","descriptor_name":"Pharmacology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015195","descriptor_name":"Drug Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/nrd2132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186543748","display_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","issn_l":"1474-1776","issn":["1474-1776","1474-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17016423","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17016423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature reviews. Drug discovery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":294,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16199843","https://openalex.org/W43157500","https://openalex.org/W51502992","https://openalex.org/W56092347","https://openalex.org/W66828536","https://openalex.org/W74171847","https://openalex.org/W81982334","https://openalex.org/W100530487","https://openalex.org/W116902245","https://openalex.org/W117176610","https://openalex.org/W132485001","https://openalex.org/W155475857","https://openalex.org/W164328339","https://openalex.org/W171152519","https://openalex.org/W196166506","https://openalex.org/W197699128","https://openalex.org/W566534948","https://openalex.org/W975825972","https://openalex.org/W1482778265","https://openalex.org/W1491779959","https://openalex.org/W1504086631","https://openalex.org/W1513662526","https://openalex.org/W1526517909","https://openalex.org/W1545804535","https://openalex.org/W1557552045","https://openalex.org/W1569192650","https://openalex.org/W1579562694","https://openalex.org/W1580443947","https://openalex.org/W1587498640","https://openalex.org/W1591062957","https://openalex.org/W1592483428","https://openalex.org/W1598637664","https://openalex.org/W1599446986","https://openalex.org/W1603602228","https://openalex.org/W1755623111","https://openalex.org/W1765281143","https://openalex.org/W1785370385","https://openalex.org/W1875906722","https://openalex.org/W1910386836","https://openalex.org/W1932668123","https://openalex.org/W1933665998","https://openalex.org/W1955195137","https://openalex.org/W1963765121","https://openalex.org/W1966872277","https://openalex.org/W1967340813","https://openalex.org/W1967480902","https://openalex.org/W1968521803","https://openalex.org/W1969128060","https://openalex.org/W1969129117","https://openalex.org/W1969763365","https://openalex.org/W1973098331","https://openalex.org/W1974286622","https://openalex.org/W1974732682","https://openalex.org/W1975364318","https://openalex.org/W1975492167","https://openalex.org/W1975719236","https://openalex.org/W1975769646","https://openalex.org/W1976003215","https://openalex.org/W1976751228","https://openalex.org/W1976995999","https://openalex.org/W1977326800","https://openalex.org/W1977748966","https://openalex.org/W1977869470","https://openalex.org/W1978438460","https://openalex.org/W1979107796","https://openalex.org/W1981088884","https://openalex.org/W1981467972","https://openalex.org/W1981876620","https://openalex.org/W1983077552","https://openalex.org/W1983776358","https://openalex.org/W1984134696","https://openalex.org/W1984328540","https://openalex.org/W1985352615","https://openalex.org/W1985892309","https://openalex.org/W1987686562","https://openalex.org/W1988332301","https://openalex.org/W1988500256","https://openalex.org/W1990407890","https://openalex.org/W1990917297","https://openalex.org/W1992041168","https://openalex.org/W1992291725","https://openalex.org/W1994320137","https://openalex.org/W1995011685","https://openalex.org/W1995725323","https://openalex.org/W1995994950","https://openalex.org/W1997477029","https://openalex.org/W1997523809","https://openalex.org/W1999751841","https://openalex.org/W2001767546","https://openalex.org/W2002339714","https://openalex.org/W2003745938","https://openalex.org/W2003985302","https://openalex.org/W2004519217","https://openalex.org/W2004690865","https://openalex.org/W2005061481","https://openalex.org/W2005269777","https://openalex.org/W2005685837","https://openalex.org/W2006572302","https://openalex.org/W2011135912","https://openalex.org/W2015393683","https://openalex.org/W2019716999","https://openalex.org/W2021118932","https://openalex.org/W2021947384","https://openalex.org/W2022599378","https://openalex.org/W2022805127","https://openalex.org/W2022850278","https://openalex.org/W2023196623","https://openalex.org/W2023314887","https://openalex.org/W2023331462","https://openalex.org/W2024419051","https://openalex.org/W2024657431","https://openalex.org/W2026266457","https://openalex.org/W2026569432","https://openalex.org/W2027107698","https://openalex.org/W2028733293","https://openalex.org/W2030681314","https://openalex.org/W2030938375","https://openalex.org/W2032296829","https://openalex.org/W2033721665","https://openalex.org/W2035088488","https://openalex.org/W2037808957","https://openalex.org/W2038985545","https://openalex.org/W2039720316","https://openalex.org/W2041708393","https://openalex.org/W2041819327","https://openalex.org/W2043294920","https://openalex.org/W2043821740","https://openalex.org/W2046183297","https://openalex.org/W2047088425","https://openalex.org/W2049519417","https://openalex.org/W2050528128","https://openalex.org/W2052314217","https://openalex.org/W2052594397","https://openalex.org/W2052614607","https://openalex.org/W2054851194","https://openalex.org/W2055183512","https://openalex.org/W2060554222","https://openalex.org/W2061229362","https://openalex.org/W2061425795","https://openalex.org/W2061706914","https://openalex.org/W2061904336","https://openalex.org/W2062144072","https://openalex.org/W2062820605","https://openalex.org/W2063402775","https://openalex.org/W2064222302","https://openalex.org/W2065075871","https://openalex.org/W2065959195","https://openalex.org/W2066992571","https://openalex.org/W2067653691","https://openalex.org/W2067677115","https://openalex.org/W2068042896","https://openalex.org/W2071161962","https://openalex.org/W2074370114","https://openalex.org/W2074936215","https://openalex.org/W2075023217","https://openalex.org/W2076071184","https://openalex.org/W2076234505","https://openalex.org/W2076771365","https://openalex.org/W2077680700","https://openalex.org/W2078567679","https://openalex.org/W2078908900","https://openalex.org/W2079619305","https://openalex.org/W2080082312","https://openalex.org/W2080267436","https://openalex.org/W2080567057","https://openalex.org/W2081616441","https://openalex.org/W2081771865","https://openalex.org/W2084271174","https://openalex.org/W2086507424","https://openalex.org/W2087522888","https://openalex.org/W2088889157","https://openalex.org/W2091259906","https://openalex.org/W2091696256","https://openalex.org/W2094823371","https://openalex.org/W2095213614","https://openalex.org/W2095536802","https://openalex.org/W2096454804","https://openalex.org/W2096839627","https://openalex.org/W2096874183","https://openalex.org/W2096887401","https://openalex.org/W2096976107","https://openalex.org/W2098627421","https://openalex.org/W2099006895","https://openalex.org/W2099475390","https://openalex.org/W2099709602","https://openalex.org/W2099951777","https://openalex.org/W2101301801","https://openalex.org/W2104894228","https://openalex.org/W2105253056","https://openalex.org/W2108682124","https://openalex.org/W2108991933","https://openalex.org/W2112801866","https://openalex.org/W2113284407","https://openalex.org/W2113724670","https://openalex.org/W2117964442","https://openalex.org/W2118813171","https://openalex.org/W2119544301","https://openalex.org/W2119702318","https://openalex.org/W2120138074","https://openalex.org/W2120296634","https://openalex.org/W2120734076","https://openalex.org/W2120795477","https://openalex.org/W2121612337","https://openalex.org/W2122995608","https://openalex.org/W2124974241","https://openalex.org/W2125777370","https://openalex.org/W2129347432","https://openalex.org/W2131257296","https://openalex.org/W2135578299","https://openalex.org/W2136628679","https://openalex.org/W2137499117","https://openalex.org/W2138250809","https://openalex.org/W2138266550","https://openalex.org/W2138779981","https://openalex.org/W2138895639","https://openalex.org/W2139319648","https://openalex.org/W2142820798","https://openalex.org/W2144343900","https://openalex.org/W2146868225","https://openalex.org/W2148881504","https://openalex.org/W2149958087","https://openalex.org/W2150803083","https://openalex.org/W2151504205","https://openalex.org/W2151768692","https://openalex.org/W2152513067","https://openalex.org/W2152912193","https://openalex.org/W2155796352","https://openalex.org/W2156275888","https://openalex.org/W2159729565","https://openalex.org/W2159807697","https://openalex.org/W2160144129","https://openalex.org/W2160547085","https://openalex.org/W2161174332","https://openalex.org/W2161558889","https://openalex.org/W2162673292","https://openalex.org/W2164277862","https://openalex.org/W2165455805","https://openalex.org/W2165497032","https://openalex.org/W2166117980","https://openalex.org/W2167435033","https://openalex.org/W2167977201","https://openalex.org/W2168672705","https://openalex.org/W2170243611","https://openalex.org/W2171444389","https://openalex.org/W2172336514","https://openalex.org/W2174167009","https://openalex.org/W2187230393","https://openalex.org/W2216209615","https://openalex.org/W2234292754","https://openalex.org/W2262954809","https://openalex.org/W2296651172","https://openalex.org/W2322830875","https://openalex.org/W2327654344","https://openalex.org/W2327671435","https://openalex.org/W2337993664","https://openalex.org/W2340100936","https://openalex.org/W2346066384","https://openalex.org/W2347020739","https://openalex.org/W2397703011","https://openalex.org/W2405143809","https://openalex.org/W2409281656","https://openalex.org/W2409572075","https://openalex.org/W2412470031","https://openalex.org/W2418225445","https://openalex.org/W2420847416","https://openalex.org/W2426497717","https://openalex.org/W2436869169","https://openalex.org/W2441652407","https://openalex.org/W2949552926","https://openalex.org/W2950448456","https://openalex.org/W2952136880","https://openalex.org/W2995863796","https://openalex.org/W3100743833","https://openalex.org/W3143749224","https://openalex.org/W3190390798","https://openalex.org/W3190510554","https://openalex.org/W3191861677","https://openalex.org/W3192357907","https://openalex.org/W4211118618","https://openalex.org/W4232907426","https://openalex.org/W4234796795","https://openalex.org/W4235828155","https://openalex.org/W4236816481","https://openalex.org/W4239255546","https://openalex.org/W4240876290","https://openalex.org/W4241555481","https://openalex.org/W4242070356","https://openalex.org/W4243955582","https://openalex.org/W4248793746","https://openalex.org/W4249671208","https://openalex.org/W4252224171","https://openalex.org/W4255722479","https://openalex.org/W4256140460","https://openalex.org/W4297877185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125405070","https://openalex.org/W4240940324","https://openalex.org/W7207306083","https://openalex.org/W2396033718","https://openalex.org/W7206700783","https://openalex.org/W2346401668","https://openalex.org/W4245953124","https://openalex.org/W1968682237","https://openalex.org/W278205023","https://openalex.org/W2490205773"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":57}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
