{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2068102797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","title":"The Proximate Determinants of Educational Homogamy: The Effects of First Marriage, Marital Dissolution, Remarriage, and Educational Upgrading","display_name":"The Proximate Determinants of Educational Homogamy: The Effects of First Marriage, Marital Dissolution, Remarriage, and Educational Upgrading","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2068102797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","mag":"2068102797","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22450676","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4035359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","pdf_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/49/2/629/881952/629schwartz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30543418","display_name":"Demography","issn_l":"0070-3370","issn":["0070-3370","1533-7790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/49/2/629/881952/629schwartz.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014667711","display_name":"Christine R. Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-1065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-1065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine R. Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013664052","display_name":"Robert D. Mare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert D. Mare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, 264 Haines Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, 264 Haines Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.6323,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99518652,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"2","first_page":"629","last_page":"650"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.03629999980330467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14348","display_name":"Marriage and Family Dynamics","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-homogamy","display_name":"educational homogamy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assortative-mating","display_name":"assortative mating","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-marriage","display_name":"first marriage","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divorce","display_name":"divorce","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remarriage","display_name":"remarriage","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-upgrading","display_name":"educational upgrading","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-educational-attainment","display_name":"women's educational attainment","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-longitudinal-survey-of-youth","display_name":"National Longitudinal Survey of Youth","score":0.7919999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781216213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7311547","display_name":"Remarriage","level":2,"score":0.9545578956604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777433574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744592","display_name":"Assortative mating","level":3,"score":0.85206538438797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.7044566869735718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.6420612335205078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.5255383849143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5042136907577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.49220624566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.46414580941200256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171525042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6974212","display_name":"National Longitudinal Surveys","level":2,"score":0.4394158720970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.41576892137527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38466089963912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3529016375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.240871399641037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.164962500333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1126646101474762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.09672626852989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004243","descriptor_name":"Divorce","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004522","descriptor_name":"Educational Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008393","descriptor_name":"Marriage","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017533","descriptor_name":"Marital Status","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017805","descriptor_name":"Widowhood","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","pdf_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/49/2/629/881952/629schwartz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30543418","display_name":"Demography","issn_l":"0070-3370","issn":["0070-3370","1533-7790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22450676","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22450676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3008348","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4035359","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4035359","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4035359/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:demogr:v:49:y:2012:i:2:p:629-650","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0093-0","pdf_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/49/2/629/881952/629schwartz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30543418","display_name":"Demography","issn_l":"0070-3370","issn":["0070-3370","1533-7790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4156000018119812,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5387504702","display_name":"Center for Demography and Ecology","funder_award_id":"R24HD047873","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6820463676","display_name":"California Center for Population Research (CCPR) at UCLA","funder_award_id":"R24HD041022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306142","display_name":"John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00dxczh48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309434","display_name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332502","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337526","display_name":"California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2068102797.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2068102797.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531002703","https://openalex.org/W1652331055","https://openalex.org/W1972917826","https://openalex.org/W1977270081","https://openalex.org/W1979286389","https://openalex.org/W1983521820","https://openalex.org/W1987341206","https://openalex.org/W1991757427","https://openalex.org/W1993468349","https://openalex.org/W1993684798","https://openalex.org/W1995945562","https://openalex.org/W1998250792","https://openalex.org/W2000002909","https://openalex.org/W2010605897","https://openalex.org/W2011493602","https://openalex.org/W2013534642","https://openalex.org/W2013577613","https://openalex.org/W2013595098","https://openalex.org/W2016877873","https://openalex.org/W2022369953","https://openalex.org/W2025539815","https://openalex.org/W2026696249","https://openalex.org/W2029022404","https://openalex.org/W2042012671","https://openalex.org/W2044908516","https://openalex.org/W2061903015","https://openalex.org/W2062047882","https://openalex.org/W2066824145","https://openalex.org/W2072261720","https://openalex.org/W2072344279","https://openalex.org/W2100345344","https://openalex.org/W2110832155","https://openalex.org/W2117910752","https://openalex.org/W2123963826","https://openalex.org/W2124800409","https://openalex.org/W2126341198","https://openalex.org/W2133685243","https://openalex.org/W2136048895","https://openalex.org/W2138437577","https://openalex.org/W2139769163","https://openalex.org/W2154058510","https://openalex.org/W2160420871","https://openalex.org/W2161156719","https://openalex.org/W2170238606","https://openalex.org/W2470717411","https://openalex.org/W2605062338","https://openalex.org/W3106889297","https://openalex.org/W3122933071","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100025886","https://openalex.org/W208365031","https://openalex.org/W2323199076","https://openalex.org/W4402579533","https://openalex.org/W2765783656","https://openalex.org/W1970990877","https://openalex.org/W1539931532","https://openalex.org/W1994258329","https://openalex.org/W1968233864","https://openalex.org/W2160420871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"adapts":[2],"the":[3,13,22,40,114,121,130,159,171,174],"population":[4],"balancing":[5],"equation":[6],"to":[7,104,176],"develop":[8],"a":[9,29],"framework":[10],"for":[11,129],"studying":[12],"proximate":[14,49],"determinants":[15],"of":[16,26,31,42,70,85,113,116,123,132,162],"educational":[17,64,91,144,180],"homogamy.":[18],"Using":[19],"data":[20],"from":[21],"National":[23],"Longitudinal":[24],"Survey":[25],"Youth":[27],"on":[28],"cohort":[30],"women":[32],"born":[33],"between":[34],"1957":[35],"and":[36,56,62,90,143,151,165],"1964,":[37],"we":[38],"decompose":[39],"odds":[41,69,131],"homogamy":[43,71,133,181],"in":[44,120,134,137,170,179,184,186],"prevailing":[45,80,135],"marriages":[46,75,100,111,119,126,136],"into":[47,189],"four":[48],"determinants:":[50],"(1)":[51],"first":[52,55,74,110,118,190],"marriages,":[53,81],"(2)":[54],"later":[57],"marital":[58,87],"dissolutions,":[59,141],"(3)":[60],"remarriages,":[61,142],"(4)":[63],"attainment":[65,92],"after":[66,93,146,168],"marriage.":[67,191],"The":[68],"among":[72,79],"new":[73,109],"are":[76,101],"lower":[77],"than":[78,108],"but":[82],"not":[83],"because":[84,112],"selective":[86],"dissolution,":[88],"remarriage,":[89,164],"marriage,":[94],"as":[95],"has":[96],"been":[97],"speculated.":[98],"Prevailing":[99],"more":[102],"likely":[103],"be":[105],"educationally":[106],"homogamous":[107,117],"accumulation":[115],"stock":[122],"marriages.":[124],"First":[125],"overwhelmingly":[127],"account":[128],"this":[138],"cohort.":[139],"Marital":[140],"upgrades":[145],"marriage":[147,169],"have":[148],"relatively":[149],"small":[150],"offsetting":[152],"effects.":[153],"Our":[154],"results":[155],"suggest":[156],"that,":[157],"despite":[158],"high":[160],"prevalence":[161],"divorce,":[163],"continued":[166],"schooling":[167],"United":[172],"States,":[173],"key":[175],"understanding":[177],"trends":[178],"lies":[182],"primarily":[183],"variation":[185],"assortative":[187],"mating":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
