{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2067929068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","title":"Continuing Education-The Key to Minimizing Obsolescence of Engineers","display_name":"Continuing Education-The Key to Minimizing Obsolescence of Engineers","publication_year":1965,"publication_date":"1965-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2067929068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","mag":"2067929068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/882-pa","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","pdf_url":"https://onepetro.org/JPT/article-pdf/17/04/405/2218397/spe-882-pa.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onepetro.org/JPT/article-pdf/17/04/405/2218397/spe-882-pa.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071765622","display_name":"Robert L. Whiting","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R.L. Whiting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A And M U"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A And M U","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071765622"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22975613,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"04","first_page":"405","last_page":"408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12124","display_name":"Engineering Education and Curriculum Development","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12124","display_name":"Engineering Education and Curriculum Development","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12345","display_name":"Adult and Continuing Education Topics","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13682","display_name":"Engineering Education and Pedagogy","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petroleum-engineers","display_name":"petroleum engineers","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuing-education","display_name":"continuing education","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-development","display_name":"professional development","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-education","display_name":"engineering education","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-change","display_name":"technological change","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-decision-making","display_name":"engineering decision-making","score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-curriculum-reform","display_name":"engineering curriculum reform","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"engineering management","score":0.39500001072883606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30795975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282744","display_name":"Obsolescence","level":2,"score":0.9832684993743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6860246658325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4727157950401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.4544747769832611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.4508889317512512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526740375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862571","display_name":"Petroleum industry","level":2,"score":0.41718360781669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.35312098264694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3517565131187439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29925620555877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.22587403655052185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.18942707777023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/882-pa","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","pdf_url":"https://onepetro.org/JPT/article-pdf/17/04/405/2218397/spe-882-pa.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/882-pa","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/882-pa","pdf_url":"https://onepetro.org/JPT/article-pdf/17/04/405/2218397/spe-882-pa.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2067929068.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2067929068.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6992087745","https://openalex.org/W2531318951","https://openalex.org/W1965242978","https://openalex.org/W2005297282","https://openalex.org/W2066556994","https://openalex.org/W3202710880","https://openalex.org/W2344792554","https://openalex.org/W6995417606","https://openalex.org/W368452230","https://openalex.org/W2090970427"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Factors":[1],"contributing":[2,141],"to":[3,23,92,98,112,115,142,168,171,288,340,360,369,390,537,550],"the":[4,36,127,139,151,219,257,265,268,292,305,322,327,336,370,405,410,428,447,451,568],"obsolescence":[5,122],"of":[6,17,64,162,221,231,260,291,310,321,338,343,357,363,427,456,496,506,556,562,570],"knowledge":[7,230,238,309,431],"and":[8,20,26,30,159,170,178,196,202,209,224,234,239,253,263,297,312,326,329,374,379,414,454,567],"skills":[9,220,240,270],"are":[10,148,283,437,508],"discussed.":[11],"This":[12,317],"information,":[13],"coupled":[14,227],"with":[15,110,228,483],"surveys":[16],"individuals,":[18],"companies":[19],"universities":[21,461],"relative":[22],"their":[24,358,479],"present":[25],"future":[27],"objectives,":[28],"needs":[29],"educational":[31],"programs,":[32],"is":[33,47,75,101,126,189,348,529],"used":[34,549],"as":[35,56,243,272,301],"basis":[37],"for":[38,335,420,478],"proposing":[39],"all":[40],"SPE-sponsored":[41],"continuing":[42],"education":[43,413],"program.":[44],"Introduction":[45],"What":[46],"an":[48,71,143,544,557],"obsolete":[49,55,72,355,433],"petroleum":[50,73,165,352,399,472],"engineer?":[51],"The":[52,117,237],"dictionary":[53],"defines":[54],"\"no":[57],"longer":[58],"in":[59,87,123,150,174,248,279,295,331,381,404,412,481,554,565],"use\",":[60],"\"antiquated\"":[61],"or":[62,106,503],"\"out":[63],"date\".":[65],"Hence,":[66,346],"we":[67,393,490],"could":[68,547],"conclude":[69],"that":[70,77,285,351,423,471,494],"engineer":[74,266],"one":[76,388],"has":[78,542],"reached":[79],"a":[80,84,103,107,204,229,244,273,421],"limited":[81],"usefulness":[82,167],"at":[83,130,304],"particular":[85],"time":[86,125,307,524,528,553,563],"his":[88,186,249,308],"professional":[89,245],"life.":[90],"Contrary":[91],"what":[93,175,179],"some":[94,132],"would":[95],"lead":[96],"us":[97,137,419],"believe,":[99],"this":[100,214,402,442],"not":[102,521],"new":[104,108,120],"term":[105],"concept":[109],"respect":[111],"its":[113],"application":[114],"individuals.":[116],"only":[118],"thing":[119],"about":[121],"our":[124],"early":[128],"age":[129],"which":[131,485,546],"engineers":[133,147,353,400,473],"become":[134,354,391,515],"obsolete.":[135,316,511],"Let":[136],"examine":[138],"factors":[140],"engineer's":[144,166,430],"obsolescence.":[145,467,571],"Petroleum":[146],"engaged":[149],"exploration,":[152],"drilling,":[153],"production,":[154],"transportation,":[155],"processing,":[156],"research,":[157],"development":[158],"management":[160],"branches":[161],"industry.":[163],"A":[164],"industry":[169,415],"society":[172],"lies":[173],"be":[176,241,548],"knows":[177],"he":[180,216,286],"does;":[181],"and,":[182,271],"like":[183],"other":[184],"engineers,":[185],"principal":[187],"function":[188,215],"decision.":[190],"He":[191],"collects":[192],"data,":[193],"organizes,":[194],"analyzes":[195],"synthesizes,":[197],"using":[198],"appropriate":[199],"mathematical":[200,377],"tools,":[201],"reaches":[203],"decision":[205],"based":[206],"on":[207,465],"scientific":[208,324,344,364,372],"technological":[210],"knowledge.":[211],"In":[212,256],"performing":[213,476],"must":[217,394,469,491],"employ":[218],"learning,":[222],"innovation":[223],"problem":[225,261],"solving":[226,262],"science,":[232],"technology":[233,313,339,367],"analytical":[235],"methods.":[236],"utilizes":[242],"were":[246],"acquired":[247],"formal":[250],"academic":[251],"training":[252],"industrial":[254],"experience.":[255],"everyday":[258],"practice":[259],"decisions":[264],"uses":[267],"aforementioned":[269],"consequence,":[274],"ordinarily":[275],"becomes":[276,314,432],"more":[277,315],"adept":[278],"them.":[280],"Competitive":[281],"pressures":[282],"such":[284,300],"attempts":[287],"keep":[289,341,361,366],"abreast":[290,342,362],"newest":[293],"innovations":[294],"creative":[296],"problem-solving":[298],"skills,":[299],"computers.":[302],"However,":[303,445,539],"same":[306,498],"science":[311],"situation":[318],"develops":[319],"because":[320,356],"accelerating":[323],"contributions":[325,373],"desire":[328],"necessity":[330],"modem":[332],"competitive":[333],"enterprise":[334],"frontier":[337],"development.":[345],"it":[347],"my":[349],"opinion":[350],"inability":[359],"developments,":[365],"attuned":[368],"latest":[371],"utilize":[375],"modern":[376],"tools":[378],"machines":[380],"making":[382],"decisions.":[383],"Why":[384,512],"Obsolescence":[385],"Since":[386],"no":[387],"wants":[389],"obsolete,":[392],"ask":[395],"why":[396],"so":[397],"many":[398,495],"face":[401],"prospect":[403],"very":[406],"near":[407],"future.":[408],"Although":[409],"experts":[411],"have":[416,440,462,474,487],"been":[417,475],"telling":[418],"decade":[422],"10":[424],"per":[425],"cent":[426],"average":[429],"every":[434],"year,":[435],"there":[436],"few":[438],"who":[439],"considered":[441,510],"observation":[443],"seriously.":[444],"during":[446],"past":[448],"three":[449],"years":[450,505],"starting":[452],"salaries":[453],"performance":[455],"recent":[457],"engineering":[458,466],"graduates":[459],"from":[460],"focused":[463],"attention":[464],"We":[468],"assume":[470],"service":[477,507],"employers":[480],"accordance":[482],"compensation":[484],"they":[486,514,519],"received.":[488],"But,":[489],"also":[492],"recognize":[493],"these":[497],"men":[499],"after":[500],"10,":[501],"15":[502],"20":[504],"now":[509],"did":[513,520],"obsolete?":[516],"Simply":[517],"stated,":[518],"spend":[522],"adequate":[523],"learning.":[525],"How":[526],"much":[527],"required?":[530],"I":[531],"doubt":[532],"seriously":[533],"if":[534],"anyone":[535],"claims":[536],"know.":[538],"E.M.":[540],"Williams":[541],"proposed":[543],"equation":[545],"estimate":[551],"learning":[552,559,566],"terms":[555],"individual's":[558],"rate,":[560],"fraction":[561],"spent":[564],"rate":[569],"JPT":[572],"P.":[573],"405\u02c6":[574]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}