{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2067112372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430390802431","title":"Metal Silicides in CMOS Technology: Past, Present, and Future Trends","display_name":"Metal Silicides in CMOS Technology: Past, Present, and Future Trends","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2067112372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430390802431","mag":"2067112372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10408430390802431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430390802431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430390802431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72003023","display_name":"Critical reviews in solid state and materials sciences/CRC critical reviews in solid state and materials sciences","issn_l":"0161-1593","issn":["0161-1593","1040-8436","1547-6561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018025509","display_name":"Shi\u2010Li Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2417-274X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2417-274X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi-Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Microelectronics and Information Technology, Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista, Swedan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Microelectronics and Information Technology, Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista, Swedan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059858621","display_name":"Mikael \u00d6stling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5845-3032","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5845-3032"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikael \u00d6stling","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Microelectronics and Information Technology, Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista, Swedan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Microelectronics and Information Technology, Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista, Swedan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2523,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":384,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98101653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.009200000204145908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-silicides","display_name":"silicides","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-technology","display_name":"CMOS technology","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium-silicide","display_name":"titanium silicide","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobalt-silicide","display_name":"cobalt silicide","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nickel-silicide","display_name":"nickel silicide","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicide-formation-kinetics","display_name":"silicide formation kinetics","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-diffusion","display_name":"reactive diffusion","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-technology-roadmap-for-semiconductors","display_name":"International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platinum-silicide","display_name":"platinum silicide","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoelectronics","display_name":"nanoelectronics","score":0.718999981880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780901251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426473","display_name":"Silicide","level":3,"score":0.7816141843795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187937830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175403","display_name":"Microelectronics","level":2,"score":0.6626114249229431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6101903319358826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141400236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479544","display_name":"Nanoelectronics","level":2,"score":0.599695086479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5708119869232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.5611466765403748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5139724612236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2624132037162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.21805164217948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.09580904245376587}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10408430390802431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430390802431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430390802431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72003023","display_name":"Critical reviews in solid state and materials sciences/CRC critical reviews in solid state and materials sciences","issn_l":"0161-1593","issn":["0161-1593","1040-8436","1547-6561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134497804","https://openalex.org/W1602021141","https://openalex.org/W2072543486","https://openalex.org/W633839640","https://openalex.org/W2530692092","https://openalex.org/W2017214160","https://openalex.org/W2051260521","https://openalex.org/W6999721827","https://openalex.org/W1584280405","https://openalex.org/W2054679279"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Metal":[0],"silicides":[1,57],"have":[2],"played":[3],"an":[4,156],"indispensable":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,25,48,58,136,165,178],"the":[8,20,37,43,49,53,66,100,117,127,137,170,179],"raped":[9],"development":[10,118],"of":[11,23,36,56,75,108,120,133,140,159,163],"microelectronics":[12],"since":[13],"PtSi":[14],"was":[15],"first":[16,30],"used":[17,47],"to":[18,52,90,169],"improve":[19],"rectifying":[21],"characteristics":[22],"diodes":[24],"early":[26],"1960s.":[27],"This":[28],"work":[29],"provides":[31],"a":[32,61,72,124,141],"brief":[33],"historical":[34],"overview":[35],"many":[38],"different":[39,44],"silicides,":[40,76],"and,":[41],"correspondingly,":[42],"processing":[45],"methodologies":[46],"past.With":[50],"regard":[51],"present":[54],"use":[55],"CMOS":[59,121],"technologies":[60,122],"convergence":[62],"becomes":[63],"clear":[64],"with":[65,116,155,167],"self":[67],"aligned":[68],"technology":[69],"using":[70],"only":[71],"limited":[73],"number":[74],"namely,":[77],"TiSi2,":[78,109],"CoSi":[79,110],"2,":[80,111],"and":[81,93,106,112,130,148,174],"NiSi.":[82],"A":[83],"section":[84],"on":[85],"fundamental":[86],"aspects":[87,173],"is":[88],"included":[89],"cover":[91],"thermodynamics":[92],"kinetics,":[94],"which":[95],"are":[96,114,150],"essential":[97],"for":[98,183],"understanding":[99],"silicide":[101],"formation":[102,132],"processes.":[103],"The":[104,152],"advantage":[105],"disadvantages":[107],"NiSi":[113],"analyzed":[115],"trend":[119],"as":[123],"measure.":[125],"Specifically,":[126],"reactive":[128],"diffusion":[129],"phase":[131],"these":[134],"silicades":[135],"three":[138],"terminals":[139],"metal-oxides-semiconductor":[142],"device,":[143],"that":[144],"is,":[145],"gate,":[146],"source,":[147],"drain":[149],"scrutinized.":[151],"review":[153],"ends":[154],"extended":[157],"discussion":[158],"about":[160],"future":[161],"trends":[162],"metal-silicides":[164],"micro/nanoelectronics,":[166],"reference":[168],"potential":[171],"material":[172],"device":[175],"structures":[176],"outlined":[177],"International":[180],"Technologies":[181],"Roadmap":[182],"Semiconductors.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
