{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066540518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","title":"The Final Ends of Higher Education in Light of an African Moral Theory","display_name":"The Final Ends of Higher Education in Light of an African Moral Theory","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066540518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","mag":"2066540518"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181524514","display_name":"Journal of Philosophy of Education","issn_l":"0309-8249","issn":["0309-8249","1467-9752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Philosophy of Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/METTFE.PDF","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028227280","display_name":"Thaddeus Metz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2408","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2408"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24027795","display_name":"University of Johannesburg","ror":"https://ror.org/04z6c2n17","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"THADDEUS METZ","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philosophy Department, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philosophy Department, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028227280"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"],"apc_list":{"value":2730,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.9156,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97433614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"2","first_page":"179","last_page":"201"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12160","display_name":"African cultural and philosophical studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12160","display_name":"African cultural and philosophical studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14024","display_name":"Education, Philosophy, and Society","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-universities","display_name":"public universities","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-action","display_name":"right action","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethics","display_name":"ethics","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purpose-of-the-university","display_name":"purpose of the university","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-philosophy","display_name":"African philosophy","score":0.3310000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780957641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999796","display_name":"Spell","level":2,"score":0.8118466734886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.746680736541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.6753741502761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.6187723278999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5892393589019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5619257688522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991943351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062949","display_name":"Moral education","level":2,"score":0.4700813591480255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198626708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321845","display_name":"Normative ethics","level":2,"score":0.46404120326042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207096701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q564371","display_name":"Philosophy of education","level":3,"score":0.44758808612823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76247681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6909101","display_name":"Moral development","level":2,"score":0.4149148166179657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.3153798580169678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2707751989364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.244871586561203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1872841715812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1778983175754547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2009.00689.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181524514","display_name":"Journal of Philosophy of Education","issn_l":"0309-8249","issn":["0309-8249","1467-9752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Philosophy of Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philpapers.org/rec/METTFE","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/METTFE","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/METTFE.PDF","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philarchive.org/rec/METTFE","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philarchive.org/rec/METTFE","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:philpapers.org/rec/METTFE","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/METTFE","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/METTFE.PDF","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5385000109672546,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2066540518.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2066540518.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39680158","https://openalex.org/W53121303","https://openalex.org/W572192607","https://openalex.org/W573179751","https://openalex.org/W585196851","https://openalex.org/W625221171","https://openalex.org/W1018507864","https://openalex.org/W1518022868","https://openalex.org/W1520665243","https://openalex.org/W1568342723","https://openalex.org/W1569235853","https://openalex.org/W1603707201","https://openalex.org/W1983699023","https://openalex.org/W1986361556","https://openalex.org/W1997110457","https://openalex.org/W2014836803","https://openalex.org/W2021548422","https://openalex.org/W2025250945","https://openalex.org/W2036069943","https://openalex.org/W2039437176","https://openalex.org/W2043137636","https://openalex.org/W2049882991","https://openalex.org/W2053154727","https://openalex.org/W2069977554","https://openalex.org/W2077838676","https://openalex.org/W2085290171","https://openalex.org/W2089484386","https://openalex.org/W2095266668","https://openalex.org/W2125160381","https://openalex.org/W2134996974","https://openalex.org/W2139331930","https://openalex.org/W2145015912","https://openalex.org/W2263452784","https://openalex.org/W2301629435","https://openalex.org/W2318192282","https://openalex.org/W2967057000","https://openalex.org/W3023935202","https://openalex.org/W4214741804","https://openalex.org/W4238846151","https://openalex.org/W4243266879","https://openalex.org/W4297706061","https://openalex.org/W4301082958"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023482747","https://openalex.org/W2793068551","https://openalex.org/W4299565452","https://openalex.org/W2036069943","https://openalex.org/W2284342311","https://openalex.org/W4387573588","https://openalex.org/W7155161852","https://openalex.org/W4366432327","https://openalex.org/W3010127744","https://openalex.org/W6903757085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"From":[0],"the":[1,18,46,53,60,111,129,136],"perspective":[2],"of":[3,13,22,45,95,102,149],"an":[4,78],"African":[5,81,112,137],"ethic,":[6],"analytically":[7],"interpreted":[8],"as":[9,140],"a":[10,23,40,121,159],"philosophical":[11],"principle":[12],"right":[14],"action,":[15],"what":[16],"are":[17,97,104,125],"proper":[19],"final":[20,62,90,118],"ends":[21,63,119],"publicly":[24],"funded":[25],"university":[26,123],"and":[27,57,84],"how":[28],"should":[29],"they":[30],"be":[31,68],"ranked?":[32],"To":[33],"answer":[34],"this":[35],"question,":[36],"I":[37,75,108,132,141,162],"first":[38],"provide":[39],"brief":[41],"but":[42,99],"inclusive":[43],"review":[44],"literature":[47],"on":[48],"Africanising":[49,150],"higher":[50,151],"education":[51,152],"from":[52,158],"past":[54],"50":[55],"years,":[56],"contend":[58],"that":[59,93,100,110,124,134,153],"prominent":[61],"suggested":[64],"in":[65,128],"it":[66,86],"can":[67],"reduced":[69],"to":[70,87,145],"five":[71,89],"major":[72],"categories.":[73],"Then,":[74],"spell":[76],"out":[77],"intuitively":[79],"attractive":[80],"moral":[82,113,138],"theory":[83,114,139],"apply":[85],"these":[88],"ends,":[91],"arguing":[92],"three":[94],"them":[96,103],"appropriate":[98],"two":[101,116],"not.":[105],"After":[106],"that,":[107],"maintain":[109],"prescribes":[115],"additional":[117],"for":[120,168],"public":[122],"not":[126],"salient":[127],"literature.":[130],"Next,":[131],"argue":[133],"employing":[135],"do":[142],"enables":[143],"one":[144],"rebut":[146],"several":[147],"criticisms":[148],"have":[154],"recently":[155],"been":[156],"made":[157],"liberal":[160],"perspective.":[161],"conclude":[163],"by":[164],"posing":[165],"questions":[166],"suitable":[167],"future":[169],"research.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}