{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066088092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","title":"Origin of Graphitic Carbon and Pentlandite in Matrix Olivines in the Allende Meteorite","display_name":"Origin of Graphitic Carbon and Pentlandite in Matrix Olivines in the Allende Meteorite","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066088092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","mag":"2066088092","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10464092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076487276","display_name":"Adrian J. BREARLEY","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7364-8815","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7364-8815"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adrian J. Brearley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076487276"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5671,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92002666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"285","issue":"5432","first_page":"1380","last_page":"1382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10001","display_name":"Geological and Geochemical Analysis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11445","display_name":"Origins and Evolution of Life","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allende-meteorite","display_name":"Allende meteorite","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pentlandite","display_name":"pentlandite","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphitic-carbon","display_name":"graphitic carbon","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonaceous-chondrites","display_name":"carbonaceous chondrites","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parent-body-alteration","display_name":"parent body alteration","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-nebula-condensation","display_name":"solar nebula condensation","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfide-inclusions","display_name":"sulfide inclusions","score":0.781000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178715517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930079","display_name":"Allende meteorite","level":4,"score":0.9870981574058533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778981965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410101","display_name":"Pentlandite","level":4,"score":0.8281205892562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164183","display_name":"Murchison meteorite","level":4,"score":0.7958042621612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130635790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60186","display_name":"Meteorite","level":2,"score":0.783223032951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779517257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062169","display_name":"Carbonaceous chondrite","level":4,"score":0.7301547527313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780364934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22693","display_name":"Olivine","level":2,"score":0.6718897223472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93436676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3535","display_name":"Formation and evolution of the Solar System","level":3,"score":0.6120184659957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116862484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48361","display_name":"Chondrite","level":3,"score":0.578193724155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23307655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336907","display_name":"Presolar grains","level":4,"score":0.5557135343551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71928","display_name":"Parent body","level":4,"score":0.5438798069953918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4890952706336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146088050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744818","display_name":"Transmission electron microscopy","level":2,"score":0.47407761216163635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.45588693022727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.4519087076187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165783156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182120","display_name":"Chondrule","level":4,"score":0.4379274845123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.42395520210266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.3872220516204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3802531361579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3756561279296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.11912751197814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10729140043258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.07550707459449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776062231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50769","display_name":"Pyrite","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777163820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421944","display_name":"Pyrrhotite","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000497","descriptor_name":"Alloys","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000497","descriptor_name":"Alloys","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006108","descriptor_name":"Graphite","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006108","descriptor_name":"Graphite","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010103","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014867","descriptor_name":"Water","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017616","descriptor_name":"Magnesium Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017616","descriptor_name":"Magnesium Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017640","descriptor_name":"Silicates","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017640","descriptor_name":"Silicates","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019110","descriptor_name":"Meteoroids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058085","descriptor_name":"Iron Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058085","descriptor_name":"Iron Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5432.1380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10464092","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10464092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1002.4141","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1002.4141","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/285/5432/1380.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631776661","https://openalex.org/W1967358227","https://openalex.org/W1975205664","https://openalex.org/W1980853447","https://openalex.org/W1993575177","https://openalex.org/W1994267174","https://openalex.org/W2008868170","https://openalex.org/W2032748541","https://openalex.org/W2035523159","https://openalex.org/W2040037609","https://openalex.org/W2041097261","https://openalex.org/W2044124033","https://openalex.org/W2046806413","https://openalex.org/W2052903324","https://openalex.org/W2056690078","https://openalex.org/W2067461012","https://openalex.org/W2073410630","https://openalex.org/W2076438820","https://openalex.org/W2083541683","https://openalex.org/W2113592410","https://openalex.org/W2995038180","https://openalex.org/W4234117090"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099160432","https://openalex.org/W2999650184","https://openalex.org/W2033456918","https://openalex.org/W1585614812","https://openalex.org/W1972246437","https://openalex.org/W2034892514","https://openalex.org/W2020297283","https://openalex.org/W3004464351","https://openalex.org/W1971273267","https://openalex.org/W3138812469"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Matrix":[0],"olivines":[1,28,76],"in":[2,15,61,90],"the":[3,16,53,62,75,91],"Allende":[4],"carbonaceous":[5],"chondrite":[6],"are":[7],"believed":[8],"to":[9,57],"have":[10,49],"formed":[11],"by":[12,77],"condensation":[13],"processes":[14,80],"primitive":[17],"solar":[18,63],"nebula.":[19,64],"However,":[20],"transmission":[21],"electron":[22],"microscope":[23],"observations":[24],"of":[25,38,45,67,74,84],"numerous":[26],"matrix":[27,93],"show":[29],"that":[30,81],"they":[31],"contain":[32],"abundant,":[33],"previously":[34],"unrecognized,":[35],"nanometer-sized":[36],"inclusions":[37,69],"pentlandite":[39],"and":[40,88],"poorly":[41],"graphitized":[42],"carbon.":[43],"Neither":[44],"these":[46,68],"phases":[47],"would":[48],"been":[50],"stable":[51],"at":[52],"high-temperature":[54],"conditions":[55],"required":[56],"condense":[58],"iron-rich":[59],"olivine":[60],"The":[65],"presence":[66],"is":[70],"consistent":[71],"with":[72],"formation":[73],"parent":[78],"body":[79],"involved":[82],"overgrowth":[83],"fine-grained":[85],"organic":[86],"materials":[87],"sulfides":[89],"precursor":[92],"materials.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}