{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2064829951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","title":"English Workers' Living Standards during the Industrial Revolution: A New Look","display_name":"English Workers' Living Standards during the Industrial Revolution: A New Look","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2064829951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","mag":"2064829951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165492527","display_name":"The Economic History Review","issn_l":"0013-0117","issn":["0013-0117","1468-0289"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic History Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035903745","display_name":"Peter H. Lindert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PETER H. LINDERT","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112836983","display_name":"Jeffrey Gale Williamson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JEFFREY G. WILLIAMSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin, Madison"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":39.2295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":366,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99817685,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/living-standards","display_name":"living standards","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-revolution","display_name":"Industrial Revolution","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wages","display_name":"wages","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-conditions","display_name":"working conditions","score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-economic-history","display_name":"British economic history","score":0.3919999897480011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517468935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2269","display_name":"Industrial Revolution","level":2,"score":0.6892402172088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142077812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175850","display_name":"Standard of living","level":2,"score":0.5402573943138123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3052087426185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22501754760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09382268786430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.08966711163520813}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165492527","display_name":"The Economic History Review","issn_l":"0013-0117","issn":["0013-0117","1468-0289"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic History Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/2598895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2598895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2598895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165492527","display_name":"The Economic History Review","issn_l":"0013-0117","issn":["0013-0117","1468-0289"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic History Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:bla:ehsrev:v:36:y:1983:i:1:p:1-25","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01221.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.48510000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116311807"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4243292197","https://openalex.org/W2095827502","https://openalex.org/W4248823205","https://openalex.org/W2002699306","https://openalex.org/W1482512792","https://openalex.org/W2117252245","https://openalex.org/W4244522424","https://openalex.org/W2321159527","https://openalex.org/W2316251831","https://openalex.org/W2164658034"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
