{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2064654697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","title":"Estimating a crime equation in the presence of organized crime: Evidence from Italy","display_name":"Estimating a crime equation in the presence of organized crime: Evidence from Italy","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2064654697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","mag":"2064654697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121409115","display_name":"International Review of Law and Economics","issn_l":"0144-8188","issn":["0144-8188","1873-6394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Law and Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087383064","display_name":"Riccardo Marselli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-2281","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-2281"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Marselli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Universitario Navale, Napoli, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Universitario Navale, Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010984422","display_name":"Marco Vannini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-0736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-0736"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","display_name":"University of Sassari","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjbv91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Vannini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 di Sassari, Sassari, Italy and CRENoS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 di Sassari, Sassari, Italy and CRENoS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087383064"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4593,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90845367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"89","last_page":"113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.334199994802475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.334199994802475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.31929999589920044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11762","display_name":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","score":0.29249998927116394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organized-crime","display_name":"organized crime","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-organizations","display_name":"criminal organizations","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deterrence","display_name":"deterrence","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severity-of-punishment","display_name":"severity of punishment","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-efficiency","display_name":"police efficiency","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-works","display_name":"public works","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-sector-employment","display_name":"service sector employment","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theft","display_name":"theft","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/murder","display_name":"murder","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robbery","display_name":"robbery","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fraud","display_name":"fraud","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/italian-regions","display_name":"Italian regions","score":0.5120000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799040","display_name":"Unobservable","level":2,"score":0.8820019960403442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6076576709747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5873256325721741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.5082663893699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.476977676153183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.4744250178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776348852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855848","display_name":"Crime prevention","level":2,"score":0.4542745053768158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4539276957511902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41973668336868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.34715813398361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.3439401388168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3345646262168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.32914847135543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16207554936408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.10683277249336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.10146644711494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(96)00060-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121409115","display_name":"International Review of Law and Economics","issn_l":"0144-8188","issn":["0144-8188","1873-6394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Law and Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:irlaec:v:17:y:1997:i:1:p:89-113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144-8188(96)00060-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniss.it:11388/81857","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11388/81857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401147","display_name":"UnissResearch (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Sassari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","host_organization_name":"University of Sassari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W207360015","https://openalex.org/W594400666","https://openalex.org/W597758168","https://openalex.org/W615793583","https://openalex.org/W1490911659","https://openalex.org/W1543456703","https://openalex.org/W1567271907","https://openalex.org/W1590573051","https://openalex.org/W1606842953","https://openalex.org/W1978448158","https://openalex.org/W1988377235","https://openalex.org/W1992854984","https://openalex.org/W2000699153","https://openalex.org/W2004128635","https://openalex.org/W2036710781","https://openalex.org/W2048997388","https://openalex.org/W2055515348","https://openalex.org/W2064763762","https://openalex.org/W2067402622","https://openalex.org/W2079976834","https://openalex.org/W2087964979","https://openalex.org/W2090370589","https://openalex.org/W2097978133","https://openalex.org/W2112352537","https://openalex.org/W2117594039","https://openalex.org/W2118404719","https://openalex.org/W2120840497","https://openalex.org/W2159003218","https://openalex.org/W2189821821","https://openalex.org/W2243740901","https://openalex.org/W2460511962","https://openalex.org/W2623917313","https://openalex.org/W2999177710","https://openalex.org/W3121299553","https://openalex.org/W4235388054","https://openalex.org/W4246535454","https://openalex.org/W4300919664","https://openalex.org/W6608416538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029900470","https://openalex.org/W1653647088","https://openalex.org/W381933704","https://openalex.org/W2243740901","https://openalex.org/W2970989266","https://openalex.org/W1587429721","https://openalex.org/W2030786054","https://openalex.org/W2233416157","https://openalex.org/W2037796164","https://openalex.org/W2912602835"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
