{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2063480555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006115","title":"Equal opportunity? The role of legislation and public policies in women\u2019s employment in China","display_name":"Equal opportunity? The role of legislation and public policies in women\u2019s employment in China","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2063480555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006115","mag":"2063480555"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/eum0000000006115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143024363","display_name":"Women in Management Review","issn_l":"0964-9425","issn":["0964-9425","1758-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Women in Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025486785","display_name":"Fang Lee Cooke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-6591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-6591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fang Lee Cooke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fang Lee Cooke is a Lecturer in Employment Studies, Manchester School of Management, UMIST,  Manchester, UK","(Fang Lee Cooke is a Lecturer in Employment Studies, Manchester School of Management, UMIST, Manchester, UK.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fang Lee Cooke is a Lecturer in Employment Studies, Manchester School of Management, UMIST,  Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Fang Lee Cooke is a Lecturer in Employment Studies, Manchester School of Management, UMIST, Manchester, UK.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025486785"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83507165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"334","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":0.3903999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":0.3903999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.2858999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.12330000102519989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-employment","display_name":"women's employment","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-inequality","display_name":"gender inequality","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-discrimination","display_name":"gender discrimination","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-law","display_name":"labor law","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-policy","display_name":"public policy","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equality-of-opportunity","display_name":"equal opportunities","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recruitment","display_name":"recruitment","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement","display_name":"retirement","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-monitoring","display_name":"legislative monitoring","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-reform","display_name":"economic reform","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.5809999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.8401174545288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.8023681044578552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.6945151686668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.6582025289535522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6551946997642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777111884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Social security","level":2,"score":0.6227618455886841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542948173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6186","display_name":"Communism","level":3,"score":0.6058546304702759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4879991114139557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994533747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2891097","display_name":"Gender inequality","level":3,"score":0.4795386791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780870317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384153","display_name":"Equal employment opportunity","level":3,"score":0.4664765000343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.42926114797592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.4112665057182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.369388610124588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.33717668056488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.320322185754776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.27712324261665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09860014915466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0810202956199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.07477506995201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/eum0000000006115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143024363","display_name":"Women in Management Review","issn_l":"0964-9425","issn":["0964-9425","1758-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Women in Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/4ebcceb1-7166-43fc-a8f4-be3c4f4a3c48","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/4ebcceb1-7166-43fc-a8f4-be3c4f4a3c48","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cooke, F 2001, 'Equal Opportunities? The Role of Legislation and Public Policies in Women's Employment in China', Women in Management Review, vol. 16, pp. 334-348. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006115","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509102806","https://openalex.org/W1968230757","https://openalex.org/W1980386846","https://openalex.org/W1996237755","https://openalex.org/W2005173922","https://openalex.org/W2016665214","https://openalex.org/W2024159503","https://openalex.org/W2040098284","https://openalex.org/W2069637020","https://openalex.org/W2075964176","https://openalex.org/W2086231767","https://openalex.org/W2107854306","https://openalex.org/W2148004192","https://openalex.org/W2153158186","https://openalex.org/W2161884533","https://openalex.org/W2295002113"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370587458","https://openalex.org/W2318218736","https://openalex.org/W625150977","https://openalex.org/W3213867605","https://openalex.org/W2323491410","https://openalex.org/W2351045635","https://openalex.org/W1555028051","https://openalex.org/W2377586594","https://openalex.org/W4376616602","https://openalex.org/W2384454886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reviews":[0],"the":[1,5,12,27,43,66,82,95],"positive":[2],"role":[3],"of":[4,14,21,29,45,88],"state":[6],"in":[7,17,65,78,94,113],"promoting":[8],"women\u2019s":[9],"employment":[10,30,67,114],"since":[11],"founding":[13],"Communist":[15],"China":[16,79],"1949.":[18],"Identifies":[19],"patterns":[20],"gender":[22,47,63],"inequality":[23],"which":[24,49,85,106],"exist":[25],"throughout":[26],"process":[28],"such":[31],"as":[32],"recruitment":[33],"and":[34,57,75,99,111],"retirement.":[35],"Against":[36],"this":[37,46],"backcloth,":[38],"analyses":[39],"major":[40],"reasons":[41],"for":[42,55],"occurrence":[44],"discrimination,":[48],"range":[50],"from":[51],"inadequate":[52],"social":[53,76],"security":[54],"childbearing":[56],"ineffective":[58],"legislative":[59],"monitoring":[60],"mechanisms":[61],"to":[62],"bias":[64],"legislation":[68],"itself.":[69],"Concludes":[70],"that":[71],"recent":[72],"radical":[73],"economic":[74],"reforms":[77],"have":[80],"disrupted":[81],"context":[83],"within":[84],"a":[86,101],"level":[87],"equal":[89],"opportunity":[90],"has":[91],"been":[92],"achieved":[93],"past":[96],"few":[97],"decades":[98],"demands":[100],"new":[102],"legal":[103],"framework":[104],"under":[105],"greater":[107],"equality":[108],"between":[109],"men":[110],"women":[112],"can":[115],"be":[116],"achieved.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
