{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2062709481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja043218k","title":"A Metastable Prerequisite for the Growth of Lumazine Synthase Crystals","display_name":"A Metastable Prerequisite for the Growth of Lumazine Synthase Crystals","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2062709481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja043218k","mag":"2062709481","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15755162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/ja043218k","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja043218k","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja043218k","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111155417","display_name":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","issn_l":"0002-7863","issn":["0002-7863","1520-5126","1943-2984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046397646","display_name":"Olga Gliko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5014-7209","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5014-7209"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga Gliko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061954988","display_name":"Nikolaus Neumaier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaus Neumaier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025269602","display_name":"Weichun Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4030-8363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4030-8363"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weichun Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070327668","display_name":"Ilka Haase","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8527-0461","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8527-0461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilka Haase","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006304159","display_name":"Markus J. Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-4199","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-4199"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068798153","display_name":"Adelbert Bacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-4139","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-4139"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adelbert Bacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087252446","display_name":"Sevil Weinkauf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-5017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-5017"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sevil Weinkauf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071957209","display_name":"Peter G. Vekilov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-8720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-8720"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter G. Vekilov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contribution from the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3512,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96624352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"127","issue":"10","first_page":"3433","last_page":"3438"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11881","display_name":"Crystallization and Solubility Studies","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11881","display_name":"Crystallization and Solubility Studies","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10474","display_name":"Material Dynamics and Properties","score":0.05400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12202","display_name":"nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumazine-synthase","display_name":"lumazine synthase","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-subtilis","display_name":"Bacillus subtilis","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-crystallization","display_name":"protein crystallization","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-nucleation","display_name":"droplet nucleation","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-layers","display_name":"growth layers","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supersaturation","display_name":"supersaturation","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-lifetime","display_name":"droplet lifetime","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-liquid-phase-separation","display_name":"liquid-liquid phase separation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystal-growth-mechanism","display_name":"crystal growth mechanism","score":0.4959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.9479028582572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516","display_name":"Metastability","level":2,"score":0.7311151623725891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.33225876092910767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1394628882408142}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003460","descriptor_name":"Crystallization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004795","descriptor_name":"Enzyme Stability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009097","descriptor_name":"Multienzyme Complexes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012996","descriptor_name":"Solutions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013816","descriptor_name":"Thermodynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/ja043218k","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja043218k","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja043218k","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111155417","display_name":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","issn_l":"0002-7863","issn":["0002-7863","1520-5126","1943-2984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15755162","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15755162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23406154","https://openalex.org/W409776901","https://openalex.org/W1547638309","https://openalex.org/W1599175522","https://openalex.org/W1965105496","https://openalex.org/W1966766357","https://openalex.org/W1968933519","https://openalex.org/W1974044909","https://openalex.org/W1981995752","https://openalex.org/W1987644688","https://openalex.org/W1988827542","https://openalex.org/W1993327317","https://openalex.org/W1993749207","https://openalex.org/W1996462886","https://openalex.org/W1996898693","https://openalex.org/W1998361927","https://openalex.org/W2021547208","https://openalex.org/W2022373767","https://openalex.org/W2036198404","https://openalex.org/W2037354580","https://openalex.org/W2040918141","https://openalex.org/W2042804442","https://openalex.org/W2045057296","https://openalex.org/W2051436893","https://openalex.org/W2051532410","https://openalex.org/W2053150079","https://openalex.org/W2055118591","https://openalex.org/W2059453868","https://openalex.org/W2074282702","https://openalex.org/W2074411536","https://openalex.org/W2086721248","https://openalex.org/W2086956760","https://openalex.org/W2089841435","https://openalex.org/W2090773416","https://openalex.org/W2128633567","https://openalex.org/W2133445717","https://openalex.org/W2155430461","https://openalex.org/W2166756758","https://openalex.org/W2951596574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080601310","https://openalex.org/W2094555539","https://openalex.org/W1973438039","https://openalex.org/W3099569887","https://openalex.org/W2090854056","https://openalex.org/W7130516891","https://openalex.org/W161385250","https://openalex.org/W817386054","https://openalex.org/W4226355769","https://openalex.org/W2055118591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dense":[0],"liquid":[1,82,89],"phases,":[2],"metastable":[3,91],"with":[4,94,101,185],"respect":[5,95,102],"to":[6,22,83,96,103,117,135],"a":[7,25,61,147,165],"solid":[8,35,217],"phase,":[9],"form":[10],"in":[11,197],"solutions":[12],"of":[13,30,40,55,63,68,70,76,79,149,194,201,214],"proteins":[14],"and":[15,32,53,207],"small-molecule":[16],"materials.":[17],"They":[18],"have":[19],"been":[20],"shown":[21],"serve":[23],"as":[24],"prerequisite":[26],"for":[27,156,211],"the":[28,41,51,65,74,80,84,97,104,112,125,153,162,186,199,212],"nucleation":[29],"crystals":[31,39],"other":[33],"ordered":[34,216],"phases.":[36],"Here,":[37],"using":[38],"protein":[42],"lumazine":[43],"synthase":[44],"from":[45],"Bacillus":[46],"subtilis,":[47],"which":[48,121],"grow":[49],"by":[50,174,177],"generation":[52,69],"spreading":[54],"layers,":[56],"we":[57],"demonstrate":[58],"that":[59,111,139],"within":[60,146],"range":[62,148],"supersaturations":[64],"only":[66,93],"mechanism":[67],"growth":[71,134,213],"layers":[72],"involves":[73],"association":[75],"submicrometer-size":[77],"droplets":[78,163],"dense":[81,88,205],"crystal":[85,166],"surface.":[86],"The":[87,128],"is":[90,115,143],"not":[92,132,144,173],"crystals,":[98],"but":[99,176],"also":[100],"low-concentration":[105,126],"solution:":[106],"dynamic":[107],"light":[108],"scattering":[109],"reveals":[110],"droplets'":[113],"lifetime":[114,130,161],"limited":[116],"several":[118],"seconds,":[119],"after":[120],"they":[122,168],"decay":[123],"into":[124,179],"solution.":[127],"short":[129],"does":[131],"allow":[133],"detectable":[136],"dimensions":[137],"so":[138],"liquid-liquid":[140],"phase":[141,195],"separation":[142],"observed":[145],"conditions":[150],"broader":[151],"than":[152],"one":[154],"used":[155],"crystallization.":[157],"If":[158],"during":[159],"their":[160,170,208],"encounter":[164],"surface,":[167],"lower":[169],"free":[171],"energy":[172],"decay,":[175],"transformation":[178],"crystalline":[180],"matter,":[181],"ensuring":[182],"perfect":[183],"registry":[184],"substrate.":[187],"These":[188],"observations":[189],"illustrate":[190],"two":[191],"novel":[192],"features":[193],"transformations":[196],"solutions:":[198],"existence":[200],"doubly":[202],"metastable,":[203],"short-lifetime":[204],"phases":[206],"crucial":[209],"role":[210],"an":[215],"phase.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}