{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2062551480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451565","title":"Partially Modified Retro-Inverso-Enkephalinamides: Topochemical Long-Acting Analogs in Vitro and in Vivo","display_name":"Partially Modified Retro-Inverso-Enkephalinamides: Topochemical Long-Acting Analogs in Vitro and in Vivo","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2062551480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451565","mag":"2062551480","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/451565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.451565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113917509","display_name":"Michael Chorev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-2913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-2913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Chorev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005082196","display_name":"Rick Shavitz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rick Shavitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111705208","display_name":"Murray Goodman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murray Goodman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012128776","display_name":"Scott Minick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Minick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratories for Neuroendocrinology, La Jolla, California 92037"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratories for Neuroendocrinology, La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061993952","display_name":"Roger Guillemin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger Guillemin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratories for Neuroendocrinology, La Jolla, California 92037"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratories for Neuroendocrinology, La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2004,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96533278,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"204","issue":"4398","first_page":"1210","last_page":"1212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10814","display_name":"Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11419","display_name":"Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enkephalin","display_name":"enkephalin","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-agonists","display_name":"opioid agonists","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-synthesis","display_name":"peptide synthesis","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.7795795202255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.7741696834564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5110670328140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3414815068244934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2851254343986511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.07718318700790405}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004723","descriptor_name":"Endorphins","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004745","descriptor_name":"Enkephalins","qualifier_ui":"Q000138","qualifier_name":"chemical synthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004745","descriptor_name":"Enkephalins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004745","descriptor_name":"Enkephalins","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013329","descriptor_name":"Structure-Activity Relationship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.451565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:451565","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/451565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965166997","https://openalex.org/W1979183100","https://openalex.org/W1979385488","https://openalex.org/W1992916552","https://openalex.org/W2000125000","https://openalex.org/W2003524504","https://openalex.org/W2004561263","https://openalex.org/W2009128665","https://openalex.org/W2010051841","https://openalex.org/W2011531660","https://openalex.org/W2015766640","https://openalex.org/W2017607746","https://openalex.org/W2021206227","https://openalex.org/W2022304550","https://openalex.org/W2030288420","https://openalex.org/W2032761582","https://openalex.org/W2041935994","https://openalex.org/W2044737826","https://openalex.org/W2049491008","https://openalex.org/W2053793579","https://openalex.org/W2061779909","https://openalex.org/W2064489872","https://openalex.org/W2068236353","https://openalex.org/W2071292411","https://openalex.org/W2079120774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085603069","https://openalex.org/W1998595948","https://openalex.org/W2048640844","https://openalex.org/W2066715629","https://openalex.org/W2011418240","https://openalex.org/W2149874149","https://openalex.org/W7071576686","https://openalex.org/W2089974115","https://openalex.org/W2604943676","https://openalex.org/W2060590560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"synthesis":[1],"of":[2,25,40,67,71,91],"four":[3],"enkephalinamide":[4],"analogs":[5,39,54],"is":[6,18],"described":[7],"in":[8,45,48,76],"which":[9],"the":[10,26,41,68,72,88,93],"peptide":[11,69],"bond":[12],"between":[13],"residues":[14],"4":[15],"and":[16,47,96],"5":[17],"reversed":[19],"with":[20,78],"or":[21],"without":[22],"simultaneous":[23],"reversal":[24,66],"carboxyl-terminal":[27],"amide":[28],"bond.":[29],"These":[30],"so-called":[31],"partially":[32],"modified":[33],"retro-inverso-isomers":[34],"are":[35,55,99],"new,":[36],"potent,":[37],"topochemical":[38],"enkephalins.":[42,63],"Tests,":[43],"both":[44,92],"vitro":[46],"vivo,":[49],"have":[50],"shown":[51],"that":[52,87],"these":[53],"considerably":[56],"longer":[57],"acting":[58],"than":[59],"any":[60],"previously":[61],"studied":[62],"Thus,":[64],"partial":[65],"bonds":[70],"backbone":[73],"can":[74],"result":[75],"peptides":[77],"enhanced":[79],"activity":[80],"compared":[81],"to":[82],"a":[83],"parent":[84],"compound,":[85],"provide":[86],"structural":[89],"complementarity":[90],"side":[94],"chains":[95],"end":[97],"groups":[98],"conserved.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}