{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2060404644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2676303","title":"Socioeconomic Status and Depression over the Life Course","display_name":"Socioeconomic Status and Depression over the Life Course","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2060404644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2676303","mag":"2060404644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2676303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2676303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2676303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122290859","display_name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","issn_l":"0022-1465","issn":["0022-1465","2150-6000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002949642","display_name":"Richard A. Miech","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-1109","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-1109","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2722-3277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Allen Miech","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins U School of Hygiene & Public Health, Dept of Mental Hygiene, Baltimore, MD, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins U School of Hygiene & Public Health, Dept of Mental Hygiene, Baltimore, MD, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056796118","display_name":"Michael J. Shanahan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-3459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-3459","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2475-669X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Shanahan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7832,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":431,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96008105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"2","first_page":"162","last_page":"162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11959","display_name":"Employment and Welfare Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-course","display_name":"life course","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-health-problems","display_name":"physical health problems","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-inequality","display_name":"socioeconomic disparities","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coping-resources","display_name":"coping resources","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-income","display_name":"household income","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-stress","display_name":"financial stress","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-status","display_name":"employment status","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/widowhood","display_name":"widowhood","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-paradigms","display_name":"stress paradigms","score":0.5979999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.8450940251350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1691868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811049","display_name":"Life course approach","level":2,"score":0.7537119388580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5945567488670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73282008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759895","display_name":"Coping (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5831639170646667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5699143409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.5257547497749329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.480214923620224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.4658074975013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4271197021007538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2664961516857147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.2392420470714569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22655761241912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.18060782551765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09232223033905029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.08165910840034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2676303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2676303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2676303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122290859","display_name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","issn_l":"0022-1465","issn":["0022-1465","2150-6000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W336215107","https://openalex.org/W410725243","https://openalex.org/W1685636101","https://openalex.org/W1688665280","https://openalex.org/W1786262212","https://openalex.org/W1887820262","https://openalex.org/W1976247888","https://openalex.org/W1984902067","https://openalex.org/W1988608170","https://openalex.org/W1993805918","https://openalex.org/W2001395893","https://openalex.org/W2001976172","https://openalex.org/W2004784449","https://openalex.org/W2023754051","https://openalex.org/W2028419691","https://openalex.org/W2038086344","https://openalex.org/W2042588354","https://openalex.org/W2044594882","https://openalex.org/W2054164550","https://openalex.org/W2061141487","https://openalex.org/W2070363452","https://openalex.org/W2072187417","https://openalex.org/W2073962097","https://openalex.org/W2080383392","https://openalex.org/W2081745157","https://openalex.org/W2088157046","https://openalex.org/W2107267159","https://openalex.org/W2112778345","https://openalex.org/W2119998030","https://openalex.org/W2124946302","https://openalex.org/W2128562501","https://openalex.org/W2150766494","https://openalex.org/W2160795861","https://openalex.org/W2273731154","https://openalex.org/W2314434275","https://openalex.org/W2318250133","https://openalex.org/W2323590395","https://openalex.org/W2328163997","https://openalex.org/W2330271460","https://openalex.org/W2331303830","https://openalex.org/W3108002134","https://openalex.org/W3142014869","https://openalex.org/W4245198606","https://openalex.org/W4293179688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095559478","https://openalex.org/W18328382","https://openalex.org/W2136671586","https://openalex.org/W1970766877","https://openalex.org/W4315649085","https://openalex.org/W2057804163","https://openalex.org/W2100526291","https://openalex.org/W2979504577","https://openalex.org/W1685458425","https://openalex.org/W2890870265"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Numerous":[0],"studies":[1],"document":[2],"lower":[3,123],"levels":[4,30],"of":[5,94,128,140,157],"depression":[6,29,48,110],"among":[7,120],"adults":[8,96,121],"with":[9,37,50,114,122],"higher":[10],"education,":[11],"but":[12],"little":[13],"is":[14],"known":[15],"about":[16],"the":[17,21,25,43,54,83,107,129,143,147],"way":[18],"in":[19,132],"which":[20,57],"association":[22,44,108],"varies":[23],"over":[24],"life":[26,148],"course.":[27],"Do":[28],"diverge":[31],"or":[32],"converge":[33],"across":[34],"educational":[35],"strata":[36],"age?":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40],"investigates":[41],"how":[42],"between":[45,109],"education":[46,112,124],"and":[47,52,74,86,111,146,160],"changes":[49,59],"age":[51],"tests":[53],"extent":[55],"to":[56,99,153],"these":[58],"are":[60],"accountedfor":[61],"by":[62,102],"physical":[63],"health":[64,118],"problems,":[65],"widowed":[66],"status,":[67,69],"employment":[68],"coping":[70],"resources,":[71],"household":[72],"income,":[73],"financial":[75],"strain.":[76],"Data":[77],"for":[78,126],"this":[79],"investigation":[80],"come":[81],"from":[82,142],"Work,":[84],"Family,":[85],"Well-Being":[87],"Study,":[88],"1990,":[89],"a":[90,154],"nationally":[91],"representative":[92],"sample":[93],"2,031":[95],"aged":[97],"18":[98],"90":[100],"interviewed":[101],"telephone.":[103],"Findings":[104],"indicate":[105],"that":[106,137],"strengthens":[113],"increasing":[115],"age.":[116],"Physical":[117],"problems":[119],"account":[125],"most":[127],"diverging":[130],"gap":[131],"depression.":[133],"These":[134],"results":[135],"show":[136],"an":[138],"integration":[139],"insights":[141],"stress":[144],"paradigm":[145],"course":[149],"perspective":[150],"can":[151],"lead":[152],"fuller":[155],"understanding":[156],"socioeconomic":[158],"inequality":[159],"its":[161],"influence":[162],"on":[163],"psychologicalfunctioning.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}