{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2060058720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","title":"Autarkic drug discovery in Japanese pharmaceutical companies: insights into national differences in industrial innovation","display_name":"Autarkic drug discovery in Japanese pharmaceutical companies: insights into national differences in industrial innovation","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2060058720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","mag":"2060058720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9731383","display_name":"Research Policy","issn_l":"0048-7333","issn":["0048-7333","1873-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008391290","display_name":"ROBERT W. KNELLER","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287038","display_name":"Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/03xzehp18","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405287038","https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Kneller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intellectual Property, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Meguro-ku, Komaba, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intellectual Property, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Meguro-ku, Komaba, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287038","https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008391290"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287038","https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":{"value":4280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4280},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.0109,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99181934,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"10","first_page":"1805","last_page":"1827"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.6996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.6996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14293","display_name":"Biotechnology and Related Fields","score":0.10740000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.10499999672174454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-discovery","display_name":"drug discovery","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-industry","display_name":"pharmaceutical industry","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-house-r-d","display_name":"in-house R&D","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-industry-collaboration","display_name":"university-industry collaboration","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-startups","display_name":"biotechnology startups","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personnel-policy","display_name":"personnel policy","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifetime-employment","display_name":"lifetime employment","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tacit-knowledge","display_name":"tacit knowledge","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-innovation","display_name":"industrial innovation","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-differences","display_name":"national differences","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-competitiveness","display_name":"international competitiveness","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-pharmaceutical-companies","display_name":"Japanese pharmaceutical companies","score":0.8119999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6791240572929382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779561248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743861","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","level":2,"score":0.5999943017959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779652045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507443","display_name":"Pharmaceutical industry","level":2,"score":0.5990845561027527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5641172528266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.5294351577758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.5004367828369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993777677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507443","display_name":"Drug industry","level":2,"score":0.4567578434944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3757210075855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.17972490191459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.13962385058403015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00062-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9731383","display_name":"Research Policy","issn_l":"0048-7333","issn":["0048-7333","1873-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:respol:v:32:y:2003:i:10:p:1805-1827","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048-7333(03)00062-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5378999710083008,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W135126298","https://openalex.org/W641618169","https://openalex.org/W659306098","https://openalex.org/W1524762104","https://openalex.org/W1592907914","https://openalex.org/W1931700968","https://openalex.org/W1950823066","https://openalex.org/W1963888743","https://openalex.org/W1965569090","https://openalex.org/W1971193656","https://openalex.org/W1972267620","https://openalex.org/W1978696192","https://openalex.org/W1985619075","https://openalex.org/W1998780456","https://openalex.org/W2032150897","https://openalex.org/W2042568253","https://openalex.org/W2060046625","https://openalex.org/W2082053618","https://openalex.org/W2084498487","https://openalex.org/W2103572697","https://openalex.org/W2116558039","https://openalex.org/W2140169779","https://openalex.org/W2162495092","https://openalex.org/W2164417149","https://openalex.org/W2415137322","https://openalex.org/W2612861939","https://openalex.org/W2766914569","https://openalex.org/W4252292290","https://openalex.org/W4388150501","https://openalex.org/W6998652817","https://openalex.org/W7038952703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2475698924","https://openalex.org/W4386596047","https://openalex.org/W2135374914","https://openalex.org/W4367556003","https://openalex.org/W3135289647","https://openalex.org/W2013244458","https://openalex.org/W4213307402","https://openalex.org/W2981354647","https://openalex.org/W2097760664","https://openalex.org/W2979783000"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-24T09:50:30.924529","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
