{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2059201488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","title":"Exploring Political Tolerance with Adolescents","display_name":"Exploring Political Tolerance with Adolescents","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2059201488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","mag":"2059201488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51267760","display_name":"Theory & Research in Social Education","issn_l":"0093-3104","issn":["0093-3104","2163-1654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory & Research in Social Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000434627","display_name":"Patricia G. Avery","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia G. Avery","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Curriculum and Instruction, School of Education University of Minnesota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Curriculum and Instruction, School of Education University of Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063301649","display_name":"Karen Schucan Bird","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-8499","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-8499"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Bird","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sandra Johnstone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Johnstone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063747493","display_name":"John L. Sullivan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4676-1898","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4676-1898"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John L. Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064227620","display_name":"Kristina E. Thalhammer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristina Thalhammer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.9027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97230886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"386","last_page":"420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11859","display_name":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11859","display_name":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13774","display_name":"Citizenship Education and Democracy","score":0.007600000128149986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12978","display_name":"Innovative Teaching Methodologies in Social Sciences","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-tolerance","display_name":"political tolerance","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civics-curriculum","display_name":"civic education curriculum","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-socialization","display_name":"political socialization","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-values","display_name":"democratic values","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-rights","display_name":"individual rights","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liberties","display_name":"civil liberties","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civic-attitudes","display_name":"civic attitudes","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum-development","display_name":"curriculum development","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79615585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837313","display_name":"Civics","level":2,"score":0.9122247695922852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775923278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29556","display_name":"Civil liberties","level":3,"score":0.7775416374206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.6667048931121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6611487865447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186449174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1972258","display_name":"Political socialization","level":4,"score":0.6393389701843262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5821400880813599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25032326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185467","display_name":"Socialization","level":2,"score":0.5691829919815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4586581587791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150710463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565700","display_name":"Social studies","level":2,"score":0.4508495032787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.44651758670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777897704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7210296","display_name":"Political efficacy","level":3,"score":0.44368916749954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3848347067832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3760105073451996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.33071643114089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.31492990255355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514689293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16147165","display_name":"American political science","level":3,"score":0.16010203957557678}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1992.10505680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51267760","display_name":"Theory & Research in Social Education","issn_l":"0093-3104","issn":["0093-3104","2163-1654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory & Research in Social Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:conservancy.umn.edu:11299/205765","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11299/205765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402521","display_name":"University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9200000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8695411","https://openalex.org/W172787916","https://openalex.org/W230467874","https://openalex.org/W265449968","https://openalex.org/W573717236","https://openalex.org/W618616363","https://openalex.org/W638485076","https://openalex.org/W642288939","https://openalex.org/W1857363563","https://openalex.org/W1965613126","https://openalex.org/W1966585245","https://openalex.org/W1974214201","https://openalex.org/W1979338818","https://openalex.org/W1983632119","https://openalex.org/W1987057841","https://openalex.org/W1994398335","https://openalex.org/W1997695101","https://openalex.org/W2007286593","https://openalex.org/W2025068864","https://openalex.org/W2025785654","https://openalex.org/W2026433732","https://openalex.org/W2034226774","https://openalex.org/W2041898282","https://openalex.org/W2042249413","https://openalex.org/W2048459051","https://openalex.org/W2073836336","https://openalex.org/W2082274576","https://openalex.org/W2087642667","https://openalex.org/W2096394284","https://openalex.org/W2105027681","https://openalex.org/W2106034117","https://openalex.org/W2106996052","https://openalex.org/W2112214881","https://openalex.org/W2116457851","https://openalex.org/W2124177965","https://openalex.org/W2124217591","https://openalex.org/W2136249862","https://openalex.org/W2140409505","https://openalex.org/W2151114838","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2156629136","https://openalex.org/W2157442347","https://openalex.org/W2160967990","https://openalex.org/W2163991608","https://openalex.org/W2164905416","https://openalex.org/W2170496833","https://openalex.org/W2262285196","https://openalex.org/W2314216459","https://openalex.org/W2335164318","https://openalex.org/W2488194605","https://openalex.org/W2624312782","https://openalex.org/W2795556252","https://openalex.org/W2801917273","https://openalex.org/W3134121007","https://openalex.org/W3135215456","https://openalex.org/W4230824917","https://openalex.org/W4237178432","https://openalex.org/W4238187368","https://openalex.org/W4300020861","https://openalex.org/W4392079360","https://openalex.org/W4400326947"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748565049","https://openalex.org/W2588678840","https://openalex.org/W7046755342","https://openalex.org/W4397290329","https://openalex.org/W2082274576","https://openalex.org/W2077706304","https://openalex.org/W2886724154","https://openalex.org/W50389812","https://openalex.org/W7138955511","https://openalex.org/W2008876638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"research":[1],"on":[2,16],"political":[3,60,104],"socialization":[4],"has":[5,13],"suggested":[6],"that":[7,76,101],"the":[8,27,81],"traditional":[9],"formal":[10],"civics":[11,39],"curriculum":[12,75],"limited":[14],"impact":[15],"students'":[17],"civic":[18],"attitudes":[19],"(Ehman,":[20],"1980).":[21],"Political":[22],"tolerance\u2014the":[23],"willingness":[24],"to":[25,54,79,92,108,121],"acknowledge":[26],"civil":[28],"liberties":[29],"of":[30,49,112],"those":[31],"with":[32,58],"whom":[33],"one":[34],"disagrees\u2014is":[35],"no":[36],"exception.":[37],"Although":[38],"courses":[40],"do":[41],"emphasize":[42],"abstract":[43],"democratic":[44,84],"norms,":[45],"such":[46],"as":[47],"freedom":[48],"speech,":[50],"they":[51],"tend":[52],"not":[53],"link":[55],"them":[56],"directly":[57],"everyday":[59],"situations":[61],"in":[62,95,103,116],"which":[63],"these":[64],"norms":[65],"can":[66],"be":[67,119],"applied.":[68],"We":[69],"have":[70],"developed":[71],"and":[72,86,89],"tested":[73],"a":[74,109],"encourages":[77],"students":[78],"explore":[80],"linkages":[82],"among":[83],"values":[85],"legal":[87],"principles,":[88],"their":[90],"application":[91],"unpopular":[93],"groups":[94],"our":[96],"society.":[97],"Our":[98],"data":[99],"suggest":[100],"increases":[102],"tolerance":[105,117],"are":[106],"due":[107],"greater":[110],"awareness":[111],"individual":[113],"rights;":[114],"decreases":[115],"may":[118],"attributed":[120],"heightened":[122],"concern":[123],"for":[124],"public":[125],"safety.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}