{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058730844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98844","title":"GaAs-GaAlAs graded-index separate confinement heterostructure laser diodes selectively grown by molecular beam epitaxy on SiO2-masked substrates","display_name":"GaAs-GaAlAs graded-index separate confinement heterostructure laser diodes selectively grown by molecular beam epitaxy on SiO2-masked substrates","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058730844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98844","mag":"2058730844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.98844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065979457","display_name":"Jintao Hong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669891","display_name":"Ming C. Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4808-6686","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4808-6686"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. C. Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110113058","display_name":"Shen S. J. Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113651787","display_name":"W. I. Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. I. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008318119","display_name":"L.L. Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9968-7022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9968-7022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. L. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.508,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81469812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"12","first_page":"886","last_page":"888"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.018200000748038292,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separate-confinement-heterostructure","display_name":"separate confinement heterostructure","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-diode","display_name":"laser diode","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-epitaxial-growth","display_name":"selective epitaxial growth","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sio2-mask","display_name":"SiO2 mask","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-longitudinal-mode","display_name":"single longitudinal mode","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-mode-suppression-ratio","display_name":"side-mode suppression ratio","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/far-field-radiation-pattern","display_name":"far-field radiation pattern","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaas-100-substrate","display_name":"GaAs(100) substrate","score":0.7429999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3792809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898542","display_name":"Molecular beam epitaxy","level":4,"score":0.8576774597167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.7463984489440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.7380231022834778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6948838829994202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.6748587489128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57172181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6674010","display_name":"Longitudinal mode","level":3,"score":0.614664614200592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","level":2,"score":0.5798607468605042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5611746311187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110738630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135540","display_name":"Epitaxy","level":3,"score":0.5360814332962036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121477167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154002","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","level":3,"score":0.48440033197402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4534457325935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510052550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422819","display_name":"Gallium arsenide","level":2,"score":0.43597233295440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.10260787606239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.08628690242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.98844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972698854","https://openalex.org/W1981426247","https://openalex.org/W2057796938","https://openalex.org/W2084011069","https://openalex.org/W2120318620","https://openalex.org/W2130723406","https://openalex.org/W2139186369"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018902616","https://openalex.org/W2019512882","https://openalex.org/W1964497982","https://openalex.org/W2060090639","https://openalex.org/W1964240061","https://openalex.org/W2120318620","https://openalex.org/W2041924228","https://openalex.org/W2019338969","https://openalex.org/W2460868339","https://openalex.org/W2058509320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19,37],"GaAs-GaAlAs":[1],"graded-index":[2],"separate":[3],"confinement":[4],"heterostructure":[5],"was":[6],"grown":[7],"selectively":[8],"by":[9],"molecular":[10],"beam":[11],"epitaxy":[12],"on":[13,22],"a":[14,44,49],"SiO2-masked":[15],"GaAs":[16],"(100)":[17],"substrate.":[18],"stripe":[20],"windows":[21],"the":[23,57,61],"SiO2":[24],"mask":[25],"were":[26,32,65],"10":[27],"\u03bcm":[28],"in":[29,43],"width":[30],"and":[31,60],"oriented":[33],"along":[34],"[011\u0304]":[35],"direction.":[36],"laser":[38],"diodes":[39],"thus":[40],"fabricated":[41],"lased":[42],"single":[45],"longitudinal":[46,58],"mode":[47,51,59],"with":[48],"side":[50],"suppression":[52],"ratio":[53],"of":[54],"95:1.":[55],"Both":[56],"single-lobe":[62],"far-field":[63],"pattern":[64],"stable":[66],"up":[67],"to":[68],"4Ith.":[69]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
