{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058488570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062135","title":"Validity of the GHQ-28 in New Zealand Women","display_name":"Validity of the GHQ-28 in New Zealand Women","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058488570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062135","mag":"2058488570","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2775109"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/00048678909062135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062135","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179943861","display_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0004-8674","issn":["0004-8674","1440-1614"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007438225","display_name":"Sarah E Romans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7845-2344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7845-2344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah E. Romans-Clarkson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088716218","display_name":"Valerie A. Walton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie A. Walton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110854993","display_name":"Paul E. Mullen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul E. Mullen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010838561","display_name":"Peter Herbison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5684-024X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5684-024X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Peter Herbison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6258,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83594566,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"187","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.5532000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.5532000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.17399999499320984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.11760000139474869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghq-28","display_name":"GHQ-28","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-health-questionnaire","display_name":"General Health Questionnaire","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-screening","display_name":"mental health screening","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-morbidity","display_name":"psychiatric morbidity","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women","display_name":"women","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-validation","display_name":"psychometric validation","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scoring-methods","display_name":"scoring methods","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cutoff-values","display_name":"cut-off values","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-zealand-women","display_name":"New Zealand women","score":0.578000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.482567697763443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.41121986508369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3436591625213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.320160448551178}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010698","descriptor_name":"Phobic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011581","descriptor_name":"Psychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011602","descriptor_name":"Psychophysiologic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012017","descriptor_name":"Referral and Consultation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012917","descriptor_name":"Social Adjustment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013001","descriptor_name":"Somatoform Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3109/00048678909062135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062135","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179943861","display_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0004-8674","issn":["0004-8674","1440-1614"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2775109","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2775109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74285491","https://openalex.org/W225280667","https://openalex.org/W624237572","https://openalex.org/W1544994303","https://openalex.org/W1969463605","https://openalex.org/W1982231542","https://openalex.org/W1985526711","https://openalex.org/W1989656469","https://openalex.org/W2002664886","https://openalex.org/W2007543181","https://openalex.org/W2007630073","https://openalex.org/W2015367257","https://openalex.org/W2048128394","https://openalex.org/W2050178873","https://openalex.org/W2064399087","https://openalex.org/W2096657059","https://openalex.org/W2097374894","https://openalex.org/W2098124359","https://openalex.org/W2100305601","https://openalex.org/W2101784187","https://openalex.org/W2104674812","https://openalex.org/W2106101128","https://openalex.org/W2106965292","https://openalex.org/W2115079420","https://openalex.org/W2141295288","https://openalex.org/W2148500695","https://openalex.org/W2160073255","https://openalex.org/W2168250407","https://openalex.org/W2266862209","https://openalex.org/W2330340192","https://openalex.org/W2332289872","https://openalex.org/W2795444186","https://openalex.org/W3149337475","https://openalex.org/W4248720864"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W63395018","https://openalex.org/W135456700","https://openalex.org/W2101471529","https://openalex.org/W2045389119","https://openalex.org/W2069112995","https://openalex.org/W2278091975","https://openalex.org/W2048128394","https://openalex.org/W2144670413","https://openalex.org/W1528445163","https://openalex.org/W1979716070"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18,60],"GHQ-28":[1,19,64,84,108],"was":[2],"validated":[3],"against":[4],"the":[5,26,34,43,51,55,63,80,83,95,101,107],"short":[6],"PSE":[7,27,73],"in":[8,123],"a":[9,111],"New":[10,124],"Zealand":[11,125],"community":[12],"study":[13,105],"of":[14,37,62,82,120],"female":[15],"psychiatric":[16,121],"morbidity.":[17],"total":[20],"scores":[21,85],"were":[22,31,75],"significantly":[23],"correlated":[24],"with":[25,42,66],"scores.":[28],"Higher":[29],"coefficients":[30],"obtained":[32],"using":[33],"scoring":[35,45],"method":[36],"Goodchild":[38],"and":[39,58,70,113],"Duncan-Jones":[40],"than":[41],"standard":[44],"method.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48,104],"data":[49],"set,":[50],"3/4":[52],"cutoff":[53],"had":[54],"best":[56],"sensitivity":[57],"specificity.":[59],"correlations":[61],"subscales":[65],"ICD":[67],"diagnostic":[68],"classes":[69],"ad":[71],"hoc":[72],"sub-scores":[74],"also":[76],"statistically":[77],"significant.":[78],"Because":[79],"distribution":[81],"is":[86],"positively":[87],"skewed,":[88],"non-parametric":[89],"statistics":[90],"may":[91],"be":[92,110],"preferable":[93],"to":[94,109],"traditional":[96],"Pearson's":[97],"correlation":[98],"coefficient.":[99],"Overall,":[100],"results":[102],"from":[103],"confirm":[106],"valid":[112],"practical":[114],"screen":[115],"for":[116],"presence":[117],"or":[118],"absence":[119],"disorder":[122],"women.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}