{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058392012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.543","title":"Thermodynamic analysis of snowball Earth hysteresis experiment: Efficiency, entropy production and irreversibility","display_name":"Thermodynamic analysis of snowball Earth hysteresis experiment: Efficiency, entropy production and irreversibility","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058392012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.543","mag":"2058392012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/qj.543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70522100","display_name":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society","issn_l":"0035-9009","issn":["0035-9009","1477-870X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/16698/1/LucarinietalQJRM2010.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012428592","display_name":"Valerio Lucarini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-1471","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-1471"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Valerio Lucarini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Reading, UK","Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, UK","Department of Physics, University of Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Reading, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Klaus Fraedrich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus Fraedrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meteorologisches Institut, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meteorologisches Institut, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079145842","display_name":"Frank Lunkeit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7854-8282","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7854-8282"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Lunkeit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meteorologisches Institut, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meteorologisches Institut, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012428592"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956","https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":{"value":4320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3306,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":105,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95433753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"136","issue":"646","first_page":"2","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.6654999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.6654999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13811","display_name":"Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution","score":0.22139999270439148,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.040800001472234726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snowball-earth","display_name":"Snowball Earth","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-generation","display_name":"entropy production","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irreversibility","display_name":"irreversibility","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-tipping-points","display_name":"climate tipping points","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-heat-flux","display_name":"latent heat flux","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-cycle","display_name":"water cycle","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-climate-model","display_name":"conceptual climate model","score":0.656000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36644815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335272","display_name":"Solar constant","level":3,"score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207282930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380811","display_name":"Entropy production","level":2,"score":0.6074000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.524399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.48910000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168816792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214689","display_name":"Snowball Earth","level":3,"score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4537999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115343472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Global warming","level":3,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55173820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5604174","display_name":"Climate state","level":5,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58024561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207721","display_name":"Latent heat","level":2,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.3749000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.3443000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123299182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190837","display_name":"Hysteresis","level":2,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9695528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7556707","display_name":"Solar irradiance","level":2,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54464151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521783","display_name":"Climate sensitivity","level":4,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154238967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12870","display_name":"Explosive material","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47665787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834266","display_name":"Transient climate simulation","level":4,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779242930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q720957","display_name":"Global temperature","level":4,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72169020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194404","display_name":"Monotonic function","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":11,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/qj.543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70522100","display_name":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society","issn_l":"0035-9009","issn":["0035-9009","1477-870X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:16698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90001083.html>","pdf_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/16698/1/LucarinietalQJRM2010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:0905.3669","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/0905.3669","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/0905.3669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.395.3858","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.395.3858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mi.uni-hamburg.de/fileadmin/files/forschung/theomet/docs/pdf/2010-Lucarini-Frae-Lunk-QJ.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.559.3975","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.559.3975","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mi.uni-hamburg.de/fileadmin/files/forschung/theomet/docs/pdf/2009-Lucarini-Frae-Lun_QJ.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.661.741","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.661.741","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/16698/1/LucarinietalQJRM2010.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/89438","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/89438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escidoc.org:escidoc:1920756","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0018-11D3-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052962","display_name":"Max Planck Digital Library","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210088280","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088280"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_1920756","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0018-11D3-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.0905.3669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0905.3669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0905.3669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:3036940316","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010EGUGA..12.4642L/abstract","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508950","display_name":"EGUGA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EGUGA","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:16698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90001083.html>","pdf_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/16698/1/LucarinietalQJRM2010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2058392012.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2058392012.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71929433","https://openalex.org/W162457275","https://openalex.org/W765892120","https://openalex.org/W1487841011","https://openalex.org/W1491116906","https://openalex.org/W1520428197","https://openalex.org/W1522211676","https://openalex.org/W1599102488","https://openalex.org/W1615622689","https://openalex.org/W1635873774","https://openalex.org/W1727664193","https://openalex.org/W1965818033","https://openalex.org/W1967541263","https://openalex.org/W1972964746","https://openalex.org/W1982297907","https://openalex.org/W1983312526","https://openalex.org/W1985629134","https://openalex.org/W1987166140","https://openalex.org/W1990293485","https://openalex.org/W1997110993","https://openalex.org/W1997387498","https://openalex.org/W1999243260","https://openalex.org/W1999824329","https://openalex.org/W2005617378","https://openalex.org/W2012910700","https://openalex.org/W2014447513","https://openalex.org/W2018351159","https://openalex.org/W2018462371","https://openalex.org/W2024474859","https://openalex.org/W2026529675","https://openalex.org/W2026885840","https://openalex.org/W2028706192","https://openalex.org/W2030794945","https://openalex.org/W2036580791","https://openalex.org/W2042467864","https://openalex.org/W2042507029","https://openalex.org/W2043803998","https://openalex.org/W2046207696","https://openalex.org/W2047549682","https://openalex.org/W2054481479","https://openalex.org/W2055503320","https://openalex.org/W2059586592","https://openalex.org/W2068856845","https://openalex.org/W2072082455","https://openalex.org/W2076606475","https://openalex.org/W2083450295","https://openalex.org/W2086044846","https://openalex.org/W2087475940","https://openalex.org/W2089186881","https://openalex.org/W2089727804","https://openalex.org/W2089982180","https://openalex.org/W2100634462","https://openalex.org/W2118222708","https://openalex.org/W2119127588","https://openalex.org/W2119893119","https://openalex.org/W2120852101","https://openalex.org/W2125779322","https://openalex.org/W2128144169","https://openalex.org/W2140170088","https://openalex.org/W2140571170","https://openalex.org/W2145532154","https://openalex.org/W2151220617","https://openalex.org/W2155144099","https://openalex.org/W2180290888","https://openalex.org/W2213305380","https://openalex.org/W2477102469","https://openalex.org/W2481925076","https://openalex.org/W2939474406","https://openalex.org/W3024930859","https://openalex.org/W3124675958","https://openalex.org/W4247445806","https://openalex.org/W4248037073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098786821","https://openalex.org/W2188546604","https://openalex.org/W136845779","https://openalex.org/W2018351159","https://openalex.org/W2041115687","https://openalex.org/W7203612087","https://openalex.org/W4283662414","https://openalex.org/W2949009164","https://openalex.org/W7221659002","https://openalex.org/W2014447513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"We":[1,19],"present":[2,29,91],"an":[3,167],"extensive":[4],"thermodynamic":[5,249],"analysis":[6],"of":[7,38,40,46,49,57,80,115,139,141,148,174,178,208,223,228,238,259,263,271,281,295],"a":[8,13,35,187,233,260,279],"hysteresis":[9],"experiment":[10],"performed":[11],"on":[12,54,63,267],"simplified":[14],"yet":[15],"Earth\u2010like":[16],"climate":[17,51,66,82,92,116,164,185,202,240,275,298],"model.":[18],"slowly":[20],"vary":[21],"the":[22,28,41,44,55,58,64,71,81,95,109,127,132,137,142,146,162,171,175,183,195,200,206,216,221,226,229,239,243,257,268,293,296],"solar":[23,42,88,110,179],"constant":[24,43,89,111],"by":[25,192],"20%":[26],"around":[27],"value":[30,120],"and":[31,118,277,288],"detect":[32],"that":[33,70],"for":[34,214,273,292],"large":[36],"range":[37,173],"values":[39,177],"realization":[45],"snowball":[47,100],"or":[48,291],"regular":[50],"conditions":[52],"depends":[53],"history":[56],"system.":[59],"Using":[60],"recent":[61],"results":[62,255],"global":[65],"thermodynamics,":[67],"we":[68],"show":[69],"two":[72],"regimes":[73],"feature":[74],"radically":[75],"different":[76],"properties.":[77,218],"The":[78],"efficiency":[79],"machine":[83],"monotonically":[84,106],"increases":[85],"with":[86,108,166],"decreasing":[87],"in":[90,99,112,126,131,161,170,182,194,199,205,232,286],"conditions,":[93,117,165],"whereas":[94],"opposite":[96],"takes":[97],"place":[98],"conditions.":[101,299],"Instead,":[102],"entropy":[103,150],"production":[104,151],"is":[105,121,158,190,251],"increasing":[107],"both":[113],"branches":[114],"its":[119],"about":[122],"four":[123],"times":[124],"larger":[125],"warm":[128,163,201],"branch":[129],"than":[130],"corresponding":[133],"cold":[134,184],"state.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"degree":[138],"irreversibility":[140],"system,":[143],"measured":[144],"as":[145],"fraction":[147],"excess":[149],"due":[152],"to":[153,283],"irreversible":[154],"heat":[155,210],"transport":[156],"processes,":[157],"much":[159],"higher":[160],"explosive":[168],"growth":[169],"upper":[172],"considered":[176],"constants.":[180],"Whereas":[181],"regime":[186,203],"dominating":[188],"role":[189],"played":[191],"changes":[193,204],"meridional":[196],"albedo":[197],"contrast,":[198],"intensity":[207],"latent":[209],"fluxes":[211],"are":[212],"crucial":[213],"determining":[215],"observed":[217],"This":[219],"substantiates":[220],"importance":[222],"addressing":[224],"correctly":[225],"variations":[227],"hydrological":[230],"cycle":[231],"changing":[234],"climate.":[235],"An":[236],"interpretation":[237],"transitions":[241],"at":[242],"tipping":[244],"points":[245],"based":[246,266],"upon":[247],"macro\u2010scale":[248],"properties":[250],"also":[252],"proposed.":[253],"Our":[254],"support":[256],"adoption":[258],"new":[261],"generation":[262],"diagnostic":[264],"tools":[265],"second":[269],"law":[270],"thermodynamics":[272],"auditing":[274],"models":[276,290],"outline":[278],"set":[280],"parametrizations":[282],"be":[284],"used":[285],"conceptual":[287],"intermediate\u2010complexity":[289],"reconstruction":[294],"past":[297],"Copyright":[300],"\u00a9":[301],"2010":[302],"Royal":[303],"Meteorological":[304],"Society":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
