{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058323732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783350","title":"Glycemic Parameters with Multiple Daily Injections Using Insulin Glargine Versus Insulin Pump","display_name":"Glycemic Parameters with Multiple Daily Injections Using Insulin Glargine Versus Insulin Pump","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058323732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783350","mag":"2058323732","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15000764"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1089/152091504322783350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67495602","display_name":"Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics","issn_l":"1520-9156","issn":["1520-9156","1557-8593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586588","display_name":"Satish K. Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-279X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-279X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satish K. Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103518918","display_name":"Andrew J. Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, Colorado"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, Colorado","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041304007","display_name":"Halsley K. Hoff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halsley K. Hoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, Colorado"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, Colorado","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108480041","display_name":"Anna O. D\u2019Souza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna O. D'Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083458282","display_name":"Peter A. Gottlieb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-8536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-8536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Gottlieb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado and West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108788599","display_name":"H. Peter Chase","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Peter Chase","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0652,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91732321,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"9","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-glargine","display_name":"insulin glargine","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-subcutaneous-insulin-infusion","display_name":"insulin pump therapy","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-daily-injections","display_name":"multiple daily insulin injections","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-lispro","display_name":"insulin lispro","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-aspart","display_name":"insulin aspart","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-insulin","display_name":"basal insulin","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoglycemia","display_name":"hypoglycemia","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-ketoacidosis","display_name":"diabetic ketoacidosis","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-gain","display_name":"weight gain","score":0.8289999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9560431241989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779920387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417317","display_name":"Insulin glargine","level":4,"score":0.9106762409210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780473172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572518","display_name":"Glycemic","level":3,"score":0.7688481211662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.7613248825073242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779908123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2754775","display_name":"Insulin aspart","level":4,"score":0.708435595035553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6801915168762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776486108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3492616","display_name":"Insulin lispro","level":4,"score":0.6677048206329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779794567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941674","display_name":"Insulin pump","level":4,"score":0.6511529684066772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5992240309715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776664568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q742283","display_name":"Insulin analog","level":4,"score":0.567486047744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781283889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130148","display_name":"Diabetic ketoacidosis","level":3,"score":0.5599856972694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781232474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124407","display_name":"Type 1 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.54060959815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5221800804138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775849729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130148","display_name":"Ketoacidosis","level":4,"score":0.5009005069732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.4559503197669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780668416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202758","display_name":"Hypoglycemia","level":3,"score":0.430287629365921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019948211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Human insulin","level":3,"score":0.05912351608276367}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069036","descriptor_name":"Insulin Glargine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001835","descriptor_name":"Body Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007279","descriptor_name":"Injections, Subcutaneous","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007332","descriptor_name":"Insulin Infusion Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015918","descriptor_name":"Infusion Pumps, Implantable","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016883","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Ketoacidosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049528","descriptor_name":"Insulin, Long-Acting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061267","descriptor_name":"Insulin Aspart","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061268","descriptor_name":"Insulin Lispro","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1089/152091504322783350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67495602","display_name":"Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics","issn_l":"1520-9156","issn":["1520-9156","1557-8593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15000764","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15000764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes technology & therapeutics","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3482496003","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"M01RR000051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W135188969","https://openalex.org/W1495316781","https://openalex.org/W1971493468","https://openalex.org/W1977675354","https://openalex.org/W1982836509","https://openalex.org/W1985859541","https://openalex.org/W2003757648","https://openalex.org/W2013352169","https://openalex.org/W2020490765","https://openalex.org/W2034756707","https://openalex.org/W2047103044","https://openalex.org/W2052101261","https://openalex.org/W2072789303","https://openalex.org/W2078089300","https://openalex.org/W2080393128","https://openalex.org/W2082235085","https://openalex.org/W2098487077","https://openalex.org/W2105000706","https://openalex.org/W2108311162","https://openalex.org/W2111379370","https://openalex.org/W2120670217","https://openalex.org/W2131439934","https://openalex.org/W2144750043","https://openalex.org/W2163213453","https://openalex.org/W2169279438","https://openalex.org/W2337454357","https://openalex.org/W2395257161","https://openalex.org/W2769264260","https://openalex.org/W4246859529","https://openalex.org/W4367484408"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3010462754","https://openalex.org/W6912281071","https://openalex.org/W2142372141","https://openalex.org/W4394567024","https://openalex.org/W4292155350","https://openalex.org/W3103887718","https://openalex.org/W2366738403","https://openalex.org/W2764247723","https://openalex.org/W2380819243","https://openalex.org/W2606677161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,121,175],"compared":[2],"external":[3,232],"insulin":[4,8,11,25,28,31,54,66,99,143,158,164,208,222,226,236,239,252],"pump":[5,55,97,131,202,234,253],"treatment":[6,88],"using":[7,24,221,230],"lispro":[9,29,227,237],"or":[10,19,30,228,238],"aspart":[12],"with":[13,49,148,212,224,235],"multiple":[14],"daily":[15],"injections":[16,21],"(MDI;":[17],"four":[18],"more":[20],"per":[22],"day)":[23],"glargine":[26,67,100,144,159,209,223],"and":[27,61,85,98,133,204,243],"aspart.":[32,240],"An":[33,53],"electronic":[34],"database":[35],"was":[36,56],"used":[37,57],"to":[38,116,125,137],"retrieve":[39],"various":[40],"parameters":[41],"of":[42,80,87,119,196,245],"glycemic":[43,219],"control":[44,220],"for":[45,68,94,129,141,176,251],"515":[46],"adult":[47],"patients":[48,63],"type":[50,213],"1":[51,214],"diabetes.":[52],"by":[58,229],"216":[59],"patients,":[60],"299":[62],"were":[64,92,107,171,185,193],"taking":[65],"at":[69,166],"least":[70],"6":[71],"months.":[72],"The":[73,102,157,168,179],"mean":[74,103],"age":[75],"(approximately":[76,82,89],"33":[77],"years),":[78,84],"duration":[79,86],"diabetes":[81,215],"16":[83],"12":[90,194],"months)":[91],"similar":[93,149,172,186,218],"both":[95,111,155,177],"the":[96,114,117,120,130,142,174,188,201,207],"groups.":[101,156,178],"(+/-SEM)":[104],"A1C":[105],"values":[106],"significantly":[108,161,249],"reduced":[109,162],"in":[110,154,187,200,206],"groups":[112],"from":[113],"baseline":[115],"end":[118],"(7.7":[122],"+/-":[123,127,135,139],"0.1%":[124,128,136,140],"7.5":[126],"group":[132,160,203],"8.0":[134],"7.7":[138],"group,":[145],"P<":[146],"0.001)":[147],"weight":[150],"gain":[151],"(P>":[152],"0.05)":[153],"basal":[163],"intake":[165],"follow-up.":[167],"premeal":[169,225],"boluses":[170],"throughout":[173],"subjects":[180],"reporting":[181],"severe":[182],"hypoglycemic":[183],"episodes":[184,244],"two":[189],"groups;":[190],"however,":[191],"there":[192],"cases":[195],"diabetic":[197,246],"ketoacidosis":[198,247],"reported":[199],"none":[205],"group.":[210],"Patients":[211],"can":[216],"achieve":[217],"an":[231],"infusion":[233],"However,":[241],"costs":[242],"are":[248],"higher":[250],"users.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
