{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058308331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","title":"The cariostatic mechanisms of fluoride","display_name":"The cariostatic mechanisms of fluoride","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058308331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","mag":"2058308331","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24308397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5644/ama2006-124.85","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","pdf_url":"https://www.ama.ba/index.php/ama/article/download/188/pdf_21","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201824","display_name":"Acta Medica Academica","issn_l":"1840-1848","issn":["1840-1848","1840-2879"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321207","host_organization_name":"Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321207"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Academica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ama.ba/index.php/ama/article/download/188/pdf_21","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112936004","display_name":"Kata Ro\u0161in-Grget","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kata Ro\u0161in-Grget","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, \u0160alata 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. rosin@sfzg.hr","Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, \u0160alata 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. rosin@sfzg.hr","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112936004"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6933,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":207,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83478261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2","first_page":"179","last_page":"188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11958","display_name":"Dental Erosion and Treatment","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoride","display_name":"fluoride","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-caries-prevention","display_name":"dental caries prevention","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topical-fluoride","display_name":"topical fluoride","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enamel-remineralization","display_name":"enamel remineralization","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enamel-demineralization","display_name":"enamel demineralization","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorapatite","display_name":"fluorapatite","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaque","display_name":"plaque","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cariogenic-challenge","display_name":"cariogenic challenge","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-hard-tissue","display_name":"dental hard tissue","score":0.5210000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780828025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44793182","display_name":"Fluoride","level":2,"score":0.9582457542419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156887251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2386424","display_name":"Enamel paint","level":2,"score":0.8033382296562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3025077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416275","display_name":"Fluorapatite","level":3,"score":0.6717570424079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.666300892829895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148318117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7311813","display_name":"Remineralisation","level":3,"score":0.6269725561141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519063684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706","display_name":"Calcium","level":2,"score":0.5017437934875488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504460877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155925","display_name":"Saliva","level":2,"score":0.49477308988571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.47903361916542053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.4493291676044464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.30692189931869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777746296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178397","display_name":"Apatite","level":2,"score":0.22068113088607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14930251240730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.13987469673156738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.13183081150054932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.07222694158554077}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002327","descriptor_name":"Cariostatic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002327","descriptor_name":"Cariostatic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003731","descriptor_name":"Dental Caries","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003743","descriptor_name":"Dental Enamel","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003773","descriptor_name":"Dental Plaque","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005459","descriptor_name":"Fluorides","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005459","descriptor_name":"Fluorides","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012463","descriptor_name":"Saliva","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014089","descriptor_name":"Tooth Remineralization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014100","descriptor_name":"Toothpastes","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017001","descriptor_name":"Tooth Demineralization","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018441","descriptor_name":"Biofilms","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5644/ama2006-124.85","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","pdf_url":"https://www.ama.ba/index.php/ama/article/download/188/pdf_21","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201824","display_name":"Acta Medica Academica","issn_l":"1840-1848","issn":["1840-1848","1840-2879"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321207","host_organization_name":"Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321207"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Academica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24308397","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24308397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta medica academica","raw_type":"Historical Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bf1436da1fcc48a6b2d14ac52a341fe9","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bf1436da1fcc48a6b2d14ac52a341fe9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Academica, Vol 42, Iss 2, Pp 179-188 (2013)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5644/ama2006-124.85","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.85","pdf_url":"https://www.ama.ba/index.php/ama/article/download/188/pdf_21","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201824","display_name":"Acta Medica Academica","issn_l":"1840-1848","issn":["1840-1848","1840-2879"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321207","host_organization_name":"Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321207"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Academica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.766700029373169}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2058308331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2058308331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503666806","https://openalex.org/W1534663099","https://openalex.org/W1557159879","https://openalex.org/W1557456413","https://openalex.org/W1724532858","https://openalex.org/W1759673859","https://openalex.org/W1803226326","https://openalex.org/W1850910246","https://openalex.org/W1857820909","https://openalex.org/W1905671337","https://openalex.org/W1905939764","https://openalex.org/W1946186254","https://openalex.org/W1962450038","https://openalex.org/W1969339129","https://openalex.org/W1976840969","https://openalex.org/W1976895055","https://openalex.org/W1977393881","https://openalex.org/W1977400817","https://openalex.org/W1983226153","https://openalex.org/W1987693181","https://openalex.org/W1989773941","https://openalex.org/W1994438312","https://openalex.org/W1998693825","https://openalex.org/W2000412707","https://openalex.org/W2006645914","https://openalex.org/W2007515842","https://openalex.org/W2011281830","https://openalex.org/W2013010814","https://openalex.org/W2020628557","https://openalex.org/W2038466056","https://openalex.org/W2038776203","https://openalex.org/W2048865709","https://openalex.org/W2054679075","https://openalex.org/W2057315649","https://openalex.org/W2074746616","https://openalex.org/W2076898669","https://openalex.org/W2077556352","https://openalex.org/W2082138484","https://openalex.org/W2084068617","https://openalex.org/W2094202968","https://openalex.org/W2101165450","https://openalex.org/W2108794951","https://openalex.org/W2109875630","https://openalex.org/W2113054340","https://openalex.org/W2123461109","https://openalex.org/W2143173759","https://openalex.org/W2143999157","https://openalex.org/W2163693751","https://openalex.org/W2170656281","https://openalex.org/W2186603172","https://openalex.org/W2756192559","https://openalex.org/W3009923285"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W9089770","https://openalex.org/W1939907269","https://openalex.org/W1724532858","https://openalex.org/W23141263","https://openalex.org/W2108794951","https://openalex.org/W2143173759","https://openalex.org/W4245129041","https://openalex.org/W1991903815","https://openalex.org/W2414534953","https://openalex.org/W1538083551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"UNLABELLED:":[0],"This":[1],"article":[2],"discusses":[3],"the":[4,9,14,34,47,87,102,106,132,158,177,192,195,217,245],"possible":[5],"cariostatic":[6,213],"mechanisms":[7,193],"of":[8,11,18,25,30,50,52,71,77,89,110,126,141,153,181,191,194,197,209,219,235,238],"action":[10,51,196],"fluoride.":[12,112],"In":[13],"past,":[15],"fluoride":[16,31,53,62,79,90,95,114,143,155,166,198,210,221,239],"inhibition":[17],"caries":[19,203],"was":[20],"ascribed":[21],"to":[22,28,86],"reduced":[23],"solubility":[24],"enamel":[26,35,103],"due":[27,85],"incorporation":[29,88],"(F-)":[32],"into":[33,91],"minerals.":[36],"The":[37,75,145,161,207],"present":[38],"evidence":[39,60,163],"from":[40,118],"clinical":[41],"and":[42,69,104,136,170,205],"laboratory":[43],"studies":[44],"suggests":[45],"that":[46,61,165],"caries-preventive":[48],"mode":[49],"is":[54,58,134,199,243],"mainly":[55],"topical.":[56],"There":[57],"convincing":[59],"has":[63,167],"a":[64,122,168,212,232],"major":[65],"effect":[66,172],"on":[67,101,173,216],"demineralisation":[68],"remineralisation":[70],"dental":[72,250],"hard":[73],"tissue.":[74],"source":[76,152],"this":[78,182],"could":[80],"either":[81],"be":[82],"fluorapatite":[83],"(formed":[84],"enamel)":[92],"or":[93],"calcium":[94,142],"(CaF2)-like":[96],"precipitates,":[97],"which":[98],"are":[99,116,183],"formed":[100],"in":[105,178,222,240,248],"plaque":[107,223],"after":[108],"application":[109],"topical":[111],"Calcium":[113],"deposits":[115],"protected":[117],"rapid":[119],"dissolution":[120,139],"by":[121],"phosphate":[123],"-protein":[124],"coating":[125,133],"salivary":[127],"origin.":[128],"At":[129],"lower":[130],"pH,":[131],"lost":[135],"an":[137,150],"increased":[138],"rate":[140],"occurs.":[144],"CaF2,":[146],"therefore,":[147],"act":[148],"as":[149,211],"efficient":[151],"free":[154,220],"ions":[156],"during":[157,224,228],"cariogenic":[159,225],"challenge.":[160],"current":[162],"indicates":[164],"direct":[169],"indirect":[171],"bacterial":[174],"cells,":[175],"although":[176],"vivo":[179],"implications":[180],"still":[184],"not":[185],"clear.":[186],"CONCLUSION:":[187],"A":[188],"better":[189],"understanding":[190],"very":[200],"important":[201],"for":[202],"prevention":[204],"control.":[206],"effectiveness":[208],"agent":[214],"depends":[215],"availability":[218],"challenge,":[226],"i.e.":[227],"acid":[229],"production.":[230],"Thus,":[231],"constant":[233],"supply":[234],"low":[236],"levels":[237],"biofilm/saliva/dental":[241],"interference":[242],"considered":[244],"most":[246],"beneficial":[247],"preventing":[249],"caries.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}