{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058258447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1847612","title":"The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance: Civic Humanism and Republican Liberty in an Age of Classicism and Tyranny","display_name":"The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance: Civic Humanism and Republican Liberty in an Age of Classicism and Tyranny","publication_year":1956,"publication_date":"1956-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058258447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1847612","mag":"2058258447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1847612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1847612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1847612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015743354","display_name":"Myron Piper Gilmore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myron P. Gilmore","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033530137","display_name":"Hans Baron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans Baron","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4620},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":148,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"3","first_page":"622","last_page":"622"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12076","display_name":"Renaissance and Early Modern Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12076","display_name":"Renaissance and Early Modern Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14469","display_name":"Renaissance Literature and Culture","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14386","display_name":"Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hans-baron","display_name":"Hans Baron","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civic-humanism","display_name":"civic humanism","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/republican-liberty","display_name":"republican liberty","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tyranny","display_name":"tyranny","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classicism","display_name":"classicism","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/15th-century-italy","display_name":"fifteenth-century Italy","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanism-and-politics","display_name":"humanism and politics","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renaissance-studies","display_name":"Renaissance studies","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-history","display_name":"intellectual history","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdisciplinary-history","display_name":"interdisciplinary history","score":0.36500000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153606108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46158","display_name":"Humanism","level":2,"score":0.8083965182304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134017395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170292","display_name":"Classicism","level":2,"score":0.7448586225509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781119825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2163436","display_name":"Fifteenth","level":2,"score":0.6824706196784973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.629387617111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135590562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1404472","display_name":"Italian Renaissance","level":3,"score":0.6259274482727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.5917096138000488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5703198909759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.5221648216247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777614172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12348939","display_name":"Medievalism","level":3,"score":0.4397597908973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.43653666973114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.357440710067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3027193248271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52069626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692","display_name":"The Renaissance","level":2,"score":0.2893325090408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143128703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12554","display_name":"Middle Ages","level":2,"score":0.2565705180168152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17046189308166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.16972458362579346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.09766805171966553}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1847612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1847612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1847612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079565336","https://openalex.org/W6980875691","https://openalex.org/W2401441076","https://openalex.org/W2263224808","https://openalex.org/W2320389091","https://openalex.org/W4247690651","https://openalex.org/W7111465951","https://openalex.org/W1889267479","https://openalex.org/W2508480733","https://openalex.org/W4312529311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hans":[0],"Baron":[1],"was":[2,45,120,172,231],"one":[3,86,109,121],"of":[4,21,39,50,67,91,97,114,122,127,147,156,161,195,207,210,217],"the":[5,16,22,40,46,65,68,84,89,94,98,106,112,123,144,148,154,162,183,188,196,208,229],"many":[6],"great":[7],"German":[8],"emigre":[9],"scholars":[10,179],"whose":[11],"work":[12,230],"Princeton":[13,236],"brought":[14],"into":[15],"Anglo-American":[17],"world.":[18],"His":[19],"Crisis":[20],"Early":[23],"Italian":[24,41],"Renaissance":[25,85,115,157],"has":[26],"provoked":[27],"more":[28,32],"discussion":[29,194],"and":[30,52,76,108,140,167,176,178],"inspired":[31],"research":[33],"than":[34],"any":[35,128,192],"other":[36],"twentieth-century":[37],"study":[38,212],"Renaissance.":[198],"Baron's":[43,118,159],"book":[44,119,184],"first":[47,124],"historical":[48,138],"synthesis":[49],"politics":[51],"humanism":[53,92],"at":[54,143],"that":[55,80,110,151,164,182],"momentous":[56],"critical":[57],"juncture":[58],"when":[59],"Italy":[60,171],"passed":[61],"from":[62],"medievalism":[63],"to":[64,81,130],"thought":[66,168],"Baron,":[70],"unlike":[71],"his":[72],"peers,":[73],"married":[74],"culture":[75],"politics;":[77],"he":[78],"contended":[79],"truly":[82],"understand":[83,88],"must":[87,220],"rise":[90],"within":[93],"political":[95],"context":[96,139],"day.":[99],"This":[100],"marked":[101],"a":[205],"significant":[103],"departure":[104],"for":[105,191],"field":[107],"changed":[111,165],"direction":[113],"studies.":[116,158],"Moreover,":[117],"major":[125],"attempts":[126],"sort":[129],"ground":[131],"intellectual":[132],"history":[133],"in":[134,169,224,226,233,238],"fully":[136],"realized":[137],"thus":[141],"stands":[142],"very":[145],"origins":[146],"interdisciplinary":[149],"approach":[150],"is":[152],"now":[153],"core":[155],"analysis":[160],"forces":[163],"life":[166],"fifteenth-century":[170],"widely":[173],"reviewed":[174],"domestically":[175],"internationally,":[177],"quickly":[180],"noted":[181],"will":[185],"henceforth":[186],"be":[187],"starting":[189],"point":[190],"general":[193],"early":[197],"The":[199],"Times":[200],"Literary":[201],"Supplement":[202],"called":[203],"it":[204],"model":[206],"kind":[209],"intensive":[211],"on":[213],"which":[214],"all":[215],"understanding":[216],"cultural":[218],"process":[219],"rest.":[221],"First":[222],"published":[223],"1955":[225],"two":[227],"volumes,":[228],"reissued":[232],"one-volume":[235],"edition":[237],"1966.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
