{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057582544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","title":"Perception of surface curvature and direction of illumination from patterns of shading.","display_name":"Perception of surface curvature and direction of illumination from patterns of shading.","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057582544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","mag":"2057582544","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6224894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26008998","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance","issn_l":"0096-1523","issn":["0096-1523","1939-1277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001915635","display_name":"James T. Todd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-8600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-8600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6902469","display_name":"Brandeis University","ror":"https://ror.org/05abbep66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James T. Todd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brandeis U#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandeis U#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013925237","display_name":"Ennio Mingolla B","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2623-3438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2623-3438"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ennio Mingolla","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3433,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":206,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79929229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"583","last_page":"595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lighting-direction","display_name":"light direction","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shading-cues","display_name":"shading cues","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture","display_name":"texture","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cylindrical-surfaces","display_name":"cylindrical surfaces","score":0.8309999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177515723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191981","display_name":"Shading","level":2,"score":0.9306904077529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.7816470265388489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6917420625686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.6748798489570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44365914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17120636","display_name":"Photometric stereo","level":3,"score":0.6565195322036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6349419355392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5874832272529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.562505304813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.5208247900009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45974570512771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.39246007800102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3836541771888733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2861836552619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.27360546588897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2551266551017761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18100106716156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1699976623058319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008029","descriptor_name":"Lighting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008433","descriptor_name":"Mathematics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008960","descriptor_name":"Models, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.9.4.583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26008998","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance","issn_l":"0096-1523","issn":["0096-1523","1939-1277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1037/0096-1523.9.4.583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.9.4.583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.9.4.583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26008998","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance","issn_l":"0096-1523","issn":["0096-1523","1939-1277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:6224894","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6224894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495317514","https://openalex.org/W1526122715","https://openalex.org/W1555351000","https://openalex.org/W1967721316","https://openalex.org/W1968878285","https://openalex.org/W1977437728","https://openalex.org/W1982661771","https://openalex.org/W1987027398","https://openalex.org/W1991280138","https://openalex.org/W1999730505","https://openalex.org/W2025670685","https://openalex.org/W2032075694","https://openalex.org/W2039371946","https://openalex.org/W2063087073","https://openalex.org/W2068743651","https://openalex.org/W2078144531","https://openalex.org/W2122585444","https://openalex.org/W2141573556","https://openalex.org/W2157096042","https://openalex.org/W2161446118","https://openalex.org/W2178428865","https://openalex.org/W2973948937"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4376226588","https://openalex.org/W4251590300","https://openalex.org/W2058457250","https://openalex.org/W3197802879","https://openalex.org/W1996454421","https://openalex.org/W2031181766","https://openalex.org/W4400080846","https://openalex.org/W4412161279","https://openalex.org/W1968733852","https://openalex.org/W761643398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three":[0],"experiments":[1,20],"examine":[2],"the":[3,10,25,48,54,90,106],"perceptual":[4],"salience":[5],"of":[6,13,30,36,50,56,65,93,97],"shading":[7,69,98],"information":[8,99],"for":[9,76],"visual":[11],"specification":[12],"three-dimensional":[14],"form.":[15],"The":[16,44],"observers":[17],"in":[18,33,79,105],"these":[19],"were":[21],"required":[22],"to":[23,88],"estimate":[24],"surface":[26,52],"curvature":[27],"and":[28,41,67,83],"direction":[29,64],"illumination":[31],"depicted":[32],"computer-synthesized":[34],"images":[35],"cylindrical":[37],"surfaces,":[38],"both":[39],"with":[40],"without":[42],"texture.":[43],"results":[45],"indicate":[46],"that":[47,68,100],"shininess":[49],"a":[51],"enhances":[53],"perception":[55],"curvature,":[57],"but":[58],"has":[59],"no":[60],"effect":[61],"on":[62],"perceived":[63],"illumination;":[66],"is":[70],"generally":[71],"less":[72],"effective":[73],"than":[74],"texture":[75],"depicting":[77],"surfaces":[78],"three":[80],"dimensions.":[81],"These":[82],"other":[84],"findings":[85],"are":[86],"used":[87],"evaluate":[89],"psychological":[91],"validity":[92],"several":[94],"mathematical":[95],"analyses":[96],"have":[101],"recently":[102],"been":[103],"proposed":[104],"literature.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}