{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057560769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1908043","title":"Liberty, Virtue, and Progress: Northerners and Their War for the Union","display_name":"Liberty, Virtue, and Progress: Northerners and Their War for the Union","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057560769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1908043","mag":"2057560769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1908043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1908043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1908043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95667342","display_name":"Journal of American History","issn_l":"0021-8723","issn":["0021-8723","0161-391X","1945-2314","2326-2028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of American History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008399847","display_name":"Eugene Converse Murdock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eugene C. Murdock","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002116043","display_name":"Earl J. Hess","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81726945","display_name":"Marietta College","ror":"https://ror.org/03apb0g70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81726945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Earl J. Hess","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marietta College ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marietta College ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81726945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"2","first_page":"608","last_page":"608"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14190","display_name":"Military history and social perspectives","score":0.8481000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14190","display_name":"Military history and social perspectives","score":0.8481000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.06210000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.019700000062584877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-civil-war","display_name":"American Civil War","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war-ideology","display_name":"war ideology","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-values","display_name":"cultural values","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nationalism","display_name":"nationalism","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freedom","display_name":"freedom","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtue","display_name":"virtue","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progress","display_name":"progress","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civilian-population","display_name":"civilian population","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinary-people","display_name":"ordinary people","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-elites","display_name":"intellectual elites","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battlefield-deaths","display_name":"battlefield deaths","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777239683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157811","display_name":"Virtue","level":2,"score":0.9334378242492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5431200265884399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.39647382497787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3673033118247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2416817545890808}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1908043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1908043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1908043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95667342","display_name":"Journal of American History","issn_l":"0021-8723","issn":["0021-8723","0161-391X","1945-2314","2326-2028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of American History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206184443","https://openalex.org/W613030235","https://openalex.org/W1541995779","https://openalex.org/W1975668309","https://openalex.org/W4391836101","https://openalex.org/W2743604575","https://openalex.org/W2481324686","https://openalex.org/W2041621888","https://openalex.org/W4229749403","https://openalex.org/W4385596127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Concentrating":[0],"on":[1,95,180],"ideology":[2,99,162],"and":[3,8,28,45,66,77,98,107,111,130,154,176,186],"cultural":[4,29,112],"values,":[5],"Liberty,":[6,174],"Virtue,":[7,175],"Progress":[9,177],"explores":[10],"the":[11,23,35,38,42,48,51,60,63,67,75,89,92,96,101,109,124,138],"motivations":[12],"that":[13,114,134,142,151],"casued":[14],"Northerners":[15],"to":[16,88,105,137,146,160,168],"fight":[17],"America's":[18],"Civil":[19,52],"War.":[20],"Arguing":[21],"for":[22],"primary":[24],"significance":[25],"of":[26,40,50,56,62,69,80,91,100,126],"ideals":[27],"values":[30,113],"in":[31,54,118,172,183],"defining":[32,57],"a":[33,85,116,157,164],"war,":[34],"book":[36,73],"examines":[37],"opinions":[39,90],"both":[41,184],"Northern":[43,81,152],"soldier":[44],"civilian":[46],"about":[47],"meaning":[49],"War":[53],"terms":[55],"American":[58,64],"nationalism,":[59],"character":[61],"people,":[65],"future":[68],"free":[70],"government.":[71],"The":[72],"addresses":[74],"intellectual":[76],"social":[78],"elites":[79],"society,":[82],"but":[83],"gives":[84],"new":[86],"emphasis":[87],"common":[93],"man":[94],"subject":[97],"war.":[102],"In":[103],"addition":[104],"identifying":[106],"discussing":[108],"ideas":[110],"played":[115],"role":[117],"motivation,":[119],"Hess":[120,149],"looks":[121],"at":[122],"how":[123],"experience":[125],"war":[127,143],"(battlefield":[128],"death":[129],"suffering)":[131],"interacted":[132],"with":[133,166],"ideology.":[135],"Contrary":[136],"commonly":[139],"held":[140],"belief":[141],"is":[144,178],"disruptive":[145],"pre-war":[147],"ideals,":[148],"argues":[150],"soldiers":[153],"civilians":[155],"made":[156],"conscious":[158],"effort":[159],"use":[161],"as":[163],"tool":[165],"which":[167],"retain":[169],"their":[170],"faith":[171],"ideas.":[173],"based":[179],"extensive":[181],"research":[182],"published":[185],"unpublished":[187],"sources.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
