{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057207754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","title":"Phenytoin\u2010Induced Seizures: A Paradoxical Effect at Toxic Concentrations in Epileptic Patients","display_name":"Phenytoin\u2010Induced Seizures: A Paradoxical Effect at Toxic Concentrations in Epileptic Patients","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057207754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","mag":"2057207754","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2924747"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048425833","display_name":"Ivan Osorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2889-6171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2889-6171"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Osorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio 44106","Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio 44106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085691923","display_name":"Thomas H. Burastine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas H. Burastine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089238275","display_name":"Bernd Render","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernd Render","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014044650","display_name":"Ramon Manon\u2010Espaillat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramon Manon\u2010Espaillat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066241442","display_name":"Ronald Charles Reed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8811-7905","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8811-7905"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald C. Reed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048425833"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"],"apc_list":{"value":4360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3052,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91770684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"230","last_page":"234"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11635","display_name":"Poisoning and overdose treatments","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12229","display_name":"Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenytoin","display_name":"phenytoin","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenytoin-toxicity","display_name":"phenytoin toxicity","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convulsant-activity","display_name":"convulsant activity","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy","display_name":"epilepsy","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-phenytoin-concentration","display_name":"serum phenytoin concentration","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiepileptic-drug-side-effects","display_name":"antiepileptic drug adverse effects","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizure-risk-factors","display_name":"seizure risk factors","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-poisoning","display_name":"drug poisoning","score":0.460999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778337148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410400","display_name":"Phenytoin","level":3,"score":0.848732590675354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778900099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166679","display_name":"Convulsant","level":3,"score":0.7815353870391846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.6794998645782471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.608475923538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020081911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3918988","display_name":"Serum concentration","level":2,"score":0.5999944806098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775858608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576618","display_name":"Anticonvulsant","level":3,"score":0.5703301429748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777010014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852376","display_name":"Convulsion","level":3,"score":0.44211190938949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.37397676706314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.36258143186569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3598884046077728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3033443093299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.08860725164413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004827","descriptor_name":"Epilepsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010672","descriptor_name":"Phenytoin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010672","descriptor_name":"Phenytoin","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05459.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2924747","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2924747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"Case Reports"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W596866116","https://openalex.org/W1963498543","https://openalex.org/W1973030525","https://openalex.org/W1973127953","https://openalex.org/W1976397120","https://openalex.org/W2014475413","https://openalex.org/W2017492575","https://openalex.org/W2053170129","https://openalex.org/W2058312737","https://openalex.org/W2059352815","https://openalex.org/W2062388229","https://openalex.org/W2067925063","https://openalex.org/W2071290527","https://openalex.org/W2087738604","https://openalex.org/W2106200459","https://openalex.org/W2108487427","https://openalex.org/W2158386281","https://openalex.org/W2331076558","https://openalex.org/W2332822826","https://openalex.org/W2963383956"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059352815","https://openalex.org/W2008292637","https://openalex.org/W2106871096","https://openalex.org/W2224861572","https://openalex.org/W2071839301","https://openalex.org/W1996461751","https://openalex.org/W2417065040","https://openalex.org/W182400979","https://openalex.org/W2084117007","https://openalex.org/W2412298690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Summary:":[0],"We":[1,127],"examined":[2],"the":[3,92],"incompletely":[4],"defined":[5],"con\u2010vulsant":[6],"action":[7,106],"of":[8,56,91,104,107],"phenytoin":[9],"(PHT)":[10],"at":[11,131],"toxic":[12,75],"concentrations":[13,55,96,134],"in":[14,48,73,89,109,144],"humans.":[15],"A":[16],"retrospective":[17],"chart":[18],"review":[19],"(1979\u20131985)":[20],"yielded":[21],"96":[22,354],"cases":[23],"(90":[24,356],"patients),":[25],"meeting":[26],"both":[27],"clinical":[28],"and":[29,58,119],"laboratory":[30],"criteria":[31],"for":[32],"PHT":[33,81,108,122,130],"intoxication.":[34,209],"Seven":[35],"patients,":[36,147,311],"all":[37],"with":[38,53,78,95],"epilepsy,":[39],"had":[40],"one":[41],"or":[42,88,139],"more":[43],"seizures":[44,138],"while":[45],"toxic.":[46],"However,":[47],"only":[49],"two":[50],"patients":[51,77,94,111,216,262,279],"(2.1%)":[52,217,388],"serum":[54,80],"93.2":[57,225,393],"69.7":[59,228,396],"u,":[60],"g/ml":[61],"was":[62],"a":[63,124,148,174,233,240],"causal":[64,402],"relationship":[65],"deemed":[66],"highly":[67],"probable.":[68,237,406],"Seizures":[69],"did":[70],"not":[71],"occur":[72],"most":[74],"epileptic":[76,146],"total":[79],"con\u2010centrations":[82],"as":[83,85,97,99],"high":[84,98,133],"85.1":[86,256,429],"jig/ml":[87],"any":[90],"none\u2010pileptic":[93],"64.2":[100,269,444],"|Lg/ml.":[101],"The":[102],"lack":[103],"convulsant":[105],"these":[110],"suggests":[112],"that":[113,121,129],"seizure":[114],"risk":[115],"may":[116],"be":[117],"multifactorial":[118,465],"also":[120],"is":[123],"weak":[125],"convulsant.":[126],"conclude":[128],"very":[132],"can":[135],"rarely":[136],"exacerbate":[137],"even":[140],"precipitate":[141],"generalized":[142],"status":[143,493],"some":[145],"paradoxical":[149],"effect.":[150],"R\u00c9SUM\u00c9":[151],"Les":[152,296],"auteurs":[153,297],"ont":[154,200],"\u00e9tudil":[155],"I'activit\u00e9":[156],"convulsivante,":[157],"encore":[158],"m\u00e9\u2010connue,":[159],"de":[160,170,176,192,224,227,243,274,284,300,305,320,337,340,363,365,380,392,415,424,434,448,451,461],"la":[161,207,246,275,290,332,338,341,413,452,469,478],"ph\u00e9nyto\u00efne":[162,276,291],"\u00e0":[163,172],"concentration":[164],"toxique.":[165],"examen":[166],"r\u00e9trospectif":[167],"des":[168,221,248,252,261,265],"dossiers":[169],"1979":[171],"1985":[173],"permis":[175],"retrouver":[177],"%":[178],"observations":[179],"(chez":[180],"90":[181],"patients)":[182],"dans":[183],"lesquelles":[184],"\u00e9taient":[185],"r\u00e9unis":[186],"les":[187,313],"crit\u00e8res":[188],"cliniques":[189],"et":[190,226,288],"biologiques":[191],"intoxication":[193],"par":[194],"ph\u00e9nyto\u00efne.":[195],"Sept":[196],"sujets,":[197],"tous":[198],"\u00e9pileptiques,":[199],"pr\u00e9sent\u00e9":[201],"au":[202],"moins":[203],"une":[204,230],"crise":[205,285],"pendant":[206],"phase":[208],"11":[210],"n'y":[211,239],"avait":[212],"cependant":[213],"que":[214,281,289,299,358,458,468,477,499],"2":[215,386],"pour":[218],"lesquels,":[219],"avec":[220],"taux":[222,253,266,303],"sanguins":[223,254,267,304],"(\u03bcg/ml,":[229],"relation":[231],"causale":[232],"\u00e9t\u00e9":[234],"jug\u00e9e":[235],"tres":[236],"ll":[238],"pas":[241],"eu":[242],"crises":[244,314],"chez":[245,259,277,309],"majorit\u00e9":[247],"\u00e9pileptiques":[249],"intox\u2010iqu\u00e9s,":[250],"malgr\u00e9":[251,264],"atteignant":[255,268],"\u03bcg/ml.":[257,270,445],"ni":[258,431],"aucun":[260],"non\u00e9pileptiques,":[263],"absence":[271],"activit\u00e9":[272],"convulsivante":[273],"ces":[278],"sugg\u00e8re":[280],"le":[282],"risque":[283],"est":[286,292],"multifactoriel":[287],"un":[293,318,326,472,492,501],"convulsivant":[294],"faible.":[295],"concluent":[298],"tr\u00e8s":[301],"hauts":[302],"ph\u00e9\u2010nyto\u00efne":[306],"peuvent":[307],"rarement,":[308],"certains":[310],"exacerber":[312],"ou":[315],"m\u00eame":[316],"provoquer":[317],"\u00e9tat":[319],"mal":[321],"g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9,":[322],"ce":[323],"qui":[324],"constitue":[325],"effet":[327],"paradoxal.":[328],"RESUMEN":[329],"Hemos":[330],"examinado":[331],"acci\u00f3n":[333,449],"convulsiva,":[334],"incompletamente":[335],"definida,":[336],"acti\u00f3n":[339],"fenitoina":[342,425,453,470,479],"en":[343,346,384,412,432,454,480,494],"concentraciones":[344,390,421,440,481],"t\u00f3xicas":[345],"humanos.":[347],"Una":[348],"revisi\u00f3n":[349],"retrospectiva":[350],"(1979/85)":[351],"ha":[352],"revelado":[353],"casos":[355],"pacientes)":[357],"presentaban":[359],"criterios":[360],"cl\u00ednicos":[361],"y":[362,395,466],"laboratorio":[364],"intoxicaci\u00f3n":[366],"fenito\u00ednica.":[367],"Siete":[368],"enfermos,":[369],"todos":[370],"ep\u2010il\u00e9pticos,":[371],"tuvieron":[372],"uno":[373],"o":[374],"m\u00e1s":[375],"ataques":[376,408,462,488],"durante":[377],"el":[378,459],"periodo":[379],"toxicidad.":[381],"Sin":[382],"embargo,":[383],"s\u00f3lo":[385],"enfermos":[387,417,436,496],"con":[389,420,439],"s\u00e9ricas":[391,423],"\u03bcg/ml":[394,397,430],"se":[398,410],"encontr\u00f3":[399],"una":[400],"relaci\u00f3n":[401],"estimada":[403],"como":[404,428,443],"altamente":[405],"Los":[407],"no":[409,437],"presentaron":[411],"mayor\u00eda":[414],"los":[416,435,487],"epil\u00e9pticos":[418],"t\u00f3xicos":[419],"totales":[422],"tan":[426,441],"ele\u2010vadas":[427],"ninguno":[433],"epil\u00e9p\u2010ticos":[438],"altas":[442],"La":[446],"falta":[447],"convulsive\u00f3gena":[450],"estos":[455],"pacientes":[456],"sugiere":[457],"riesgo":[460],"puede":[463],"ser":[464],"tambi\u00e9n":[467],"es":[471],"d\u00e9bil":[473],"factor":[474],"convulsive\u00f3geno.":[475],"Concluimos":[476],"muy":[482],"elevadas":[483],"puede,":[484],"raramente,":[485],"exacerbar":[486],"o,":[489],"incluso,":[490],"precipitar":[491],"algunos":[495],"epil\u00e9pticos,":[497],"lo":[498],"constituye":[500],"efecto":[502],"parad\u00f3gico.":[503]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}