{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057077243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","title":"Butler English","display_name":"Butler English","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057077243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","mag":"2057077243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89569105","display_name":"Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages","issn_l":"0920-9034","issn":["0920-9034","1569-9870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320402","host_organization_name":"John Benjamins Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320402"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["John Benjamins Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058187162","display_name":"Priya Hosali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131578490","display_name":"English and Foreign Languages University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mzg6j57","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131578490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priya Hosali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131578490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108605993","display_name":"Jean Aitchison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Aitchison","raw_affiliation_strings":["London School of Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London School of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28679027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.7645999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.7645999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.09830000251531601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14006","display_name":"Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity","score":0.06310000270605087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indian-english","display_name":"Indian English","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pidginization","display_name":"pidginization","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-contact","display_name":"language contact","score":0.36500000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33831","display_name":"Pidgin","level":3,"score":0.9979613423347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.857025146484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.7983216047286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.7598434090614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4747748076915741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.40054553747177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29141512513160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.20035317540168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11682435870170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.053489625453948975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174613046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33289","display_name":"Creole language","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.05hos","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89569105","display_name":"Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages","issn_l":"0920-9034","issn":["0920-9034","1569-9870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320402","host_organization_name":"John Benjamins Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320402"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["John Benjamins Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027707019","https://openalex.org/W2899553424","https://openalex.org/W6992158030","https://openalex.org/W2123006635","https://openalex.org/W2142955033","https://openalex.org/W2352379359","https://openalex.org/W2020672675","https://openalex.org/W4240052376","https://openalex.org/W610854209","https://openalex.org/W2073859229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Butler":[0,61,94],"English":[1,14,95],"is":[2,96],"the":[3,28,45,54,65,68,110],"conventional":[4],"name":[5],"for":[6],"a":[7,20,39,74,98],"reduced":[8],"and":[9,36,58,63,86],"simplified":[10],"variety":[11,50],"of":[12,30,48,51,67,77,80,112],"Indian":[13],"which":[15],"has":[16],"been":[17],"characterized":[18],"as":[19],"\"minimal":[21,99],"pidgin.\"":[22],"This":[23,90],"paper":[24],"analyzes":[25],"in":[26],"detail":[27],"speech":[29],"7":[31],"speakers":[32],"(aged":[33],"between":[34,56],"17":[35],"65)":[37],"with":[38],"view":[40],"to":[41,118,124],"finding":[42],"out,":[43],"first,":[44],"salient":[46],"features":[47,79],"this":[49],"English,":[52,62,85],"second,":[53],"relationship":[55],"19th":[57],"20th":[59],"century":[60],"third,":[64],"source":[66],"shared":[69],"features.":[70],"The":[71],"texts":[72],"revealed":[73],"dynamic":[75],"mix":[76,91],"universal":[78],"pidginization,":[81],"folk":[82],"beliefs":[83],"about":[84],"incipient":[87],"independent":[88],"constructions.":[89],"indicates":[92],"that":[93,116],"neither":[97],"pidgin\"":[100],"nor":[101],"mere":[102],"\"broken":[103],"language.\"":[104],"It":[105],"sheds":[106],"interesting":[107],"light":[108],"on":[109],"origins":[111],"pidgins,":[113],"but":[114],"shows":[115],"attempts":[117],"\"pidgin-hole\"":[119],"pidgin-like":[120],"systems":[121],"are":[122],"doomed":[123],"failure.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}