{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2056777809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","title":"The upper limit of thermoelectric figure of merit: importance of electronic thermoelectric efficiency","display_name":"The upper limit of thermoelectric figure of merit: importance of electronic thermoelectric efficiency","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2056777809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","mag":"2056777809"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111927887","display_name":"Journal of Physics D Applied Physics","issn_l":"0022-3727","issn":["0022-3727","1361-6463"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronic Division, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronic Division, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076748682","display_name":"T. C. Au Yeung","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tin Cheung Au Yeung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronic Division, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronic Division, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055434890","display_name":"Chan Hin Kam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-3513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-3513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chan Hin Kam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronic Division, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronic Division, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":{"value":3325,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3325},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5215,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57389306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"8","first_page":"085102","last_page":"085102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11277","display_name":"Thermal properties of materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12442","display_name":"Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-figure-of-merit","display_name":"figure of merit ZT","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-effect","display_name":"thermoelectric effect","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-nanowires","display_name":"silicon nanowires","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-power","display_name":"thermoelectric power","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.9130520820617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63024428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552456","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","level":2,"score":0.724895715713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6718690991401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74214498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631739","display_name":"Nanowire","level":2,"score":0.4889880418777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4880741834640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112625512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091448","display_name":"Seebeck coefficient","level":3,"score":0.4723426103591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986665194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324872","display_name":"Silicon nanowires","level":3,"score":0.4516257345676422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.42047247290611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41055363416671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.406760036945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.3729649782180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3276752233505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.25968241691589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23630449175834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.16168662905693054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08324512839317322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111927887","display_name":"Journal of Physics D Applied Physics","issn_l":"0022-3727","issn":["0022-3727","1361-6463"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/95864","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/95864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/45/8/085102/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111927887","display_name":"Journal of Physics D Applied Physics","issn_l":"0022-3727","issn":["0022-3727","1361-6463"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2056777809.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2056777809.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W389868541","https://openalex.org/W1524561626","https://openalex.org/W1611485568","https://openalex.org/W1966547417","https://openalex.org/W1981167895","https://openalex.org/W1982783371","https://openalex.org/W1996177041","https://openalex.org/W2000639498","https://openalex.org/W2001139162","https://openalex.org/W2012954691","https://openalex.org/W2024287824","https://openalex.org/W2028285928","https://openalex.org/W2031410662","https://openalex.org/W2042056247","https://openalex.org/W2043399112","https://openalex.org/W2044665300","https://openalex.org/W2046275619","https://openalex.org/W2050674108","https://openalex.org/W2065722709","https://openalex.org/W2068630013","https://openalex.org/W2070093297","https://openalex.org/W2071317896","https://openalex.org/W2078074302","https://openalex.org/W2082349230","https://openalex.org/W2083196956","https://openalex.org/W2087022455","https://openalex.org/W2087909235","https://openalex.org/W2096762537","https://openalex.org/W2141251919","https://openalex.org/W2167291301","https://openalex.org/W4233235406"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991964653","https://openalex.org/W2301012080","https://openalex.org/W2012968071","https://openalex.org/W3087583944","https://openalex.org/W2290771093","https://openalex.org/W4400193539","https://openalex.org/W2044864373","https://openalex.org/W1993415048","https://openalex.org/W4385563143","https://openalex.org/W3100037302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"To":[1],"improve":[2],"thermoelectric":[3],"(TE)":[4],"efficiency,":[5,40],"the":[6,37,62,75,102],"physical":[7],"phenomenon":[8],"of":[9,18,25,50,65,77,105],"TE":[10,16,39,55,66,79,83,92,103],"effect":[11],"is":[12,21,29,36,42,69],"revisited.":[13],"The":[14],"important":[15,59,71],"figure":[17],"merit":[19],"(FOM)":[20],"expressed":[22],"in":[23,61],"terms":[24],"powers,":[26],"and":[27],"it":[28],"mapped":[30],"by":[31,45],"two":[32],"fundamental":[33],"quantities.":[34],"One":[35],"electronic":[38,54,91],"which":[41,68],"purely":[43],"determined":[44],"a":[46,78],"probability":[47],"distribution":[48],"function":[49],"electron":[51],"transport.":[52],"Furthermore,":[53],"efficiency":[56,93],"plays":[57],"an":[58,70],"role":[60],"upper":[63],"limit":[64],"FOM,":[67],"index":[72],"to":[73],"judge":[74],"quality":[76],"device.":[80],"For":[81,99],"any":[82],"device":[84],"with":[85],"FOM":[86],"more":[87],"than":[88,97],"one,":[89],"its":[90],"must":[94],"be":[95],"greater":[96],"0.5.":[98],"demonstration":[100],"purpose,":[101],"properties":[104],"silicon":[106],"nanowire":[107],"are":[108],"investigated.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}