{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2056495519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081002002","title":"Smoke 'Em if You Got 'Em: Cigarette Black Markets in U.S. Prisons and Jails","display_name":"Smoke 'Em if You Got 'Em: Cigarette Black Markets in U.S. Prisons and Jails","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2056495519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081002002","mag":"2056495519","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18064295","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2117377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0032885501081002002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081002002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081002002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S40678964","display_name":"The Prison Journal","issn_l":"0032-8855","issn":["0032-8855","1552-7522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Prison Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2117377","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006685879","display_name":"Stephen E. Lankenau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-0085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-0085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331203130","display_name":"National Development and Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/00zfzef50","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"STEPHEN E. LANKENAU","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Development and Research Institutes, Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Development and Research Institutes, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006685879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2331,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9293206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"81","issue":"2","first_page":"142","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.8539999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.8539999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.10050000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.03220000118017197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prisons","display_name":"prisons","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jails","display_name":"jails","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-ban","display_name":"tobacco ban","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-policy","display_name":"smoking policy","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contraband","display_name":"contraband","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prison-economy","display_name":"prison economy","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prison-culture","display_name":"prison culture","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-smuggling","display_name":"tobacco smuggling","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prison-design","display_name":"prison architecture","score":0.6589999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778878205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50851","display_name":"Black market","level":2,"score":0.8258224725723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40357","display_name":"Prison","level":2,"score":0.7444010972976685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777189325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61022630","display_name":"Officer","level":2,"score":0.6124814748764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780832096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005010","display_name":"Tobacco control","level":3,"score":0.480546772480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.46685606241226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.44346627593040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.44299980998039246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.423976868391037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3452378511428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.33658355474472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.32597529888153076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.28143996000289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24374422430992126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23985618352890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.16344374418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.10166922211647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.09625235199928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.08481931686401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.08391213417053223}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0032885501081002002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081002002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081002002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S40678964","display_name":"The Prison Journal","issn_l":"0032-8855","issn":["0032-8855","1552-7522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Prison Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18064295","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18064295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Prison journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2117377","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2117377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Prison J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.562.4351","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.562.4351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.hawaii.edu/hivandaids/Smoke__Em_If_You_Got__Em__Cigarette_Black_Markets_In_U.S._Prisons_and_Jails.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.897.8961","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.897.8961","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://tpj.sagepub.com/content/81/2/142.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2117377","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2117377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Prison J","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7297000288963318,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1539489689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32DA007233\u00a0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G558321319","display_name":"Behavioral Sciences Training in Drug Abuse Research","funder_award_id":"5t32da007233-40","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615111098","https://openalex.org/W1978866139","https://openalex.org/W2045849338","https://openalex.org/W2049909609","https://openalex.org/W2074280571","https://openalex.org/W2114043666","https://openalex.org/W2126894585","https://openalex.org/W2324838520","https://openalex.org/W2325692892","https://openalex.org/W2737720601","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095469773","https://openalex.org/W2090681715","https://openalex.org/W4302058651","https://openalex.org/W3006539062","https://openalex.org/W1978866139","https://openalex.org/W2105892676","https://openalex.org/W2116483781","https://openalex.org/W2146313389","https://openalex.org/W2090153545","https://openalex.org/W2187111496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,14,48,100,107,110,130,137,155],"mid-1980s,":[2],"cigarette-smoking":[3],"policies":[4],"have":[5],"become":[6],"increasingly":[7],"restrictive":[8],"in":[9,27,106,120,128],"jails":[10,28,41],"and":[11,23,29,42,58,116,125,157],"prisons":[12,30,43],"across":[13],"United":[15],"States.":[16],"Cigarette":[17],"black":[18,83,104,166],"markets":[19,105],"of":[20,39,50,102,139,142,159,165],"various":[21],"form":[22],"scale":[24],"often":[25],"emerge":[26],"where":[31,73,85],"tobacco":[32],"is":[33],"prohibited":[34],"or":[35],"banned.":[36],"Case":[37],"studies":[38],"16":[40],"were":[44],"undertaken":[45],"to":[46,94,123],"understand":[47],"effects":[49],"cigarette":[51,70,103],"bans":[52,65],"versus":[53],"restrictions":[54],"on":[55],"inmate":[56,113],"culture":[57],"prison":[59],"economies.":[60],"This":[61],"study":[62,152],"describes":[63],"how":[64],"can":[66],"transform":[67],"largely":[68],"benign":[69],"\"gray":[71],"markets,\"":[72],"cigarettes":[74,86,122,160],"are":[75,87],"used":[76],"as":[77,148],"a":[78,88,162],"currency,":[79],"into":[80,144],"more":[81],"problematic":[82],"markets,":[84],"highly":[89],"priced":[90],"commodity.":[91],"Analysis":[92],"points":[93],"several":[95],"structural":[96],"factors":[97,135],"that":[98,154],"affected":[99],"development":[101],"visited":[108],"facilities:":[109],"architectural":[111],"design,":[112],"movement":[114],"inside":[115],"outside,":[117],"officer":[118,126],"involvement":[119],"smuggling":[121],"inmates,":[124],"vigilance":[127],"enforcing":[129],"smoking":[131],"policy.":[132],"Although":[133],"these":[134],"affect":[136],"influx":[138],"other":[140],"types":[141],"contraband":[143],"correctional":[145],"facilities,":[146],"such":[147],"illegal":[149],"drugs,":[150],"this":[151],"argues":[153],"demand":[156],"availability":[158],"creates":[161],"unique":[163],"kind":[164],"market.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}