{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2056468131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","title":"Culture and leadership: women in nonprofit and for-profit leadership positions within the European Union","display_name":"Culture and leadership: women in nonprofit and for-profit leadership positions within the European Union","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2056468131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","mag":"2056468131"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140059072","display_name":"Human Resource Development International","issn_l":"1367-8868","issn":["1367-8868","1469-8374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Resource Development International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1229456","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064460151","display_name":"Vanessa Ann Claus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vanessa Ann Claus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Administration and Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Administration and Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040478532","display_name":"Jamie L. Callahan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8850-3777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8850-3777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamie Callahan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Resource Development Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Resource Development Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051550356","display_name":"Judy R. Sandlin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judy R. Sandlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Administration and Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Administration and Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064460151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3577,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89631221,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"330","last_page":"345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11432","display_name":"Gender Politics and Representation","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14031","display_name":"Global and Cross-Cultural Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-leadership","display_name":"women in leadership","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonprofit-organizations","display_name":"nonprofit organizations","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/for-profit-organizations","display_name":"for-profit organizations","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hofstede-s-cultural-dimensions","display_name":"Hofstede cultural dimensions","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-dominance","display_name":"gender domination","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-culture","display_name":"national culture","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-member-states","display_name":"EU member states","score":0.7139999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67356462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5807210","display_name":"Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory","level":2,"score":0.6996232867240906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6528035998344421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6168310046195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67674302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730573","display_name":"Organizational culture","level":2,"score":0.4724752604961395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.458435595035553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7225491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697537","display_name":"Leadership studies","level":3,"score":0.4501056373119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.39643025398254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39054369926452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197386563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508686","display_name":"Leadership style","level":2,"score":0.37762048840522766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.35815858840942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3350267708301544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2761417627334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2681366801261902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.223212331533432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21270325779914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.07136514782905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2013.792489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140059072","display_name":"Human Resource Development International","issn_l":"1367-8868","issn":["1367-8868","1469-8374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Resource Development International","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/:1229456","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1229456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nrl.northumbria.ac.uk:34165","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/34165/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401884","display_name":"Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","host_organization_name":"Northumbria University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/:1229456","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1229456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7670999765396118}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32159058","https://openalex.org/W48580180","https://openalex.org/W122894469","https://openalex.org/W560029830","https://openalex.org/W566893449","https://openalex.org/W576792970","https://openalex.org/W1484767543","https://openalex.org/W1488956543","https://openalex.org/W1502163265","https://openalex.org/W1517853857","https://openalex.org/W1525668821","https://openalex.org/W1554411713","https://openalex.org/W1600999817","https://openalex.org/W1618777005","https://openalex.org/W1658667251","https://openalex.org/W1964793238","https://openalex.org/W1965943902","https://openalex.org/W1979720078","https://openalex.org/W1979782707","https://openalex.org/W1989265964","https://openalex.org/W1990567207","https://openalex.org/W1995684393","https://openalex.org/W2005534546","https://openalex.org/W2006808629","https://openalex.org/W2021557249","https://openalex.org/W2041534779","https://openalex.org/W2060297782","https://openalex.org/W2067293919","https://openalex.org/W2069363128","https://openalex.org/W2078504136","https://openalex.org/W2079419150","https://openalex.org/W2082743387","https://openalex.org/W2083301149","https://openalex.org/W2085667138","https://openalex.org/W2090745002","https://openalex.org/W2097863588","https://openalex.org/W2113924715","https://openalex.org/W2114968496","https://openalex.org/W2123808109","https://openalex.org/W2134882625","https://openalex.org/W2140918013","https://openalex.org/W2156752471","https://openalex.org/W2159846558","https://openalex.org/W2170356750","https://openalex.org/W2252325025","https://openalex.org/W2289214116","https://openalex.org/W2312515356","https://openalex.org/W2323221925","https://openalex.org/W2901134642","https://openalex.org/W2977569188","https://openalex.org/W3122283992","https://openalex.org/W3216524629","https://openalex.org/W4232536417","https://openalex.org/W4251062424","https://openalex.org/W4297081765","https://openalex.org/W4298345247","https://openalex.org/W4401265919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166822823","https://openalex.org/W7149246218","https://openalex.org/W4224285507","https://openalex.org/W4323360162","https://openalex.org/W7000642834","https://openalex.org/W6945088122","https://openalex.org/W2237620268","https://openalex.org/W4381615490","https://openalex.org/W7164186857","https://openalex.org/W4224306297"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"has":[1,30,107],"shown":[2],"that":[3,103,123],"women":[4],"commonly":[5],"hold":[6,16],"positions":[7,19,47,112],"of":[8,39,109],"leadership":[9,18,28,46,111],"within":[10,20,33,48,53],"nonprofit":[11,49,132],"organizations,":[12,133],"while":[13,134],"men":[14],"typically":[15],"the":[17,54,104,119],"for-profit":[21,51,139],"organizations.":[22,140],"However,":[23,121],"little":[24],"research":[25],"on":[26,80],"women's":[27,45],"roles":[29],"been":[31],"conducted":[32],"European":[34,55,105],"Union":[35,56,106],"countries.":[36],"The":[37,100],"purpose":[38],"this":[40],"article":[41],"is":[42],"to":[43,63,114],"examine":[44],"and":[50,72,84,96],"organizations":[52],"and,":[57],"using":[58],"Hofstede's":[59],"Cultural":[60],"Dimensions":[61],"Theory,":[62],"further":[64],"investigate":[65],"a":[66],"potential":[67],"correlation":[68],"between":[69,92],"national":[70],"culture":[71],"female":[73],"leadership.":[74],"Fifty-one":[75],"companies":[76],"were":[77,124],"examined":[78],"based":[79],"type,":[81],"country":[82],"characteristics":[83],"gender":[85],"dominance.":[86],"A":[87],"significant":[88],"difference":[89],"was":[90],"found":[91,116],"organization":[93],"type":[94],"(nonprofit/for-profit)":[95],"organizational":[97],"dominance":[98],"(masculine/feminine).":[99],"findings":[101],"suggest":[102],"patterns":[108,115],"gendered":[110],"similar":[113],"previously":[117],"in":[118],"USA.":[120],"countries":[122,136],"characterized":[125],"as":[126],"feminine":[127],"had":[128,137],"more":[129,138],"than":[130],"expected":[131],"masculine":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
