{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054597255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","title":"Ionic liquids in catalysis","display_name":"Ionic liquids in catalysis","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054597255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","mag":"2054597255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117186765","display_name":"Coordination Chemistry Reviews","issn_l":"0010-8545","issn":["0010-8545","1873-3840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Coordination Chemistry Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004031096","display_name":"Tom Welton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-1683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-1683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tom Welton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London SW72AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London SW72AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004031096"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":5740,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5740},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":39.1923,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1643,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"248","issue":"21-24","first_page":"2459","last_page":"2477"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10480","display_name":"Ionic liquids properties and applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10480","display_name":"Ionic liquids properties and applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11790","display_name":"N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11351","display_name":"Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-liquids","display_name":"ionic liquids","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-liquid-catalysis","display_name":"ionic liquid catalysis","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catalyst-activation","display_name":"catalyst activation","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coordination-compounds","display_name":"metal complexes","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reaction-solvents","display_name":"reaction solvents","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-catalysis","display_name":"heterogeneous catalysis","score":0.6129999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154881586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898579","display_name":"Ionic liquid","level":3,"score":0.9370310306549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.9339945316314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.9049386978149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2182769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500","display_name":"Ionic bonding","level":3,"score":0.6518164277076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780471494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505","display_name":"Solvent","level":2,"score":0.5065890550613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3840802311897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3274296820163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3218662142753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.1842566728591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117186765","display_name":"Coordination Chemistry Reviews","issn_l":"0010-8545","issn":["0010-8545","1873-3840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Coordination Chemistry Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/9944","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2477","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":186,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31804630","https://openalex.org/W75222139","https://openalex.org/W342593039","https://openalex.org/W1486240442","https://openalex.org/W1486986652","https://openalex.org/W1498235692","https://openalex.org/W1572832338","https://openalex.org/W1883779550","https://openalex.org/W1889695788","https://openalex.org/W1910011782","https://openalex.org/W1919048594","https://openalex.org/W1922431434","https://openalex.org/W1928881461","https://openalex.org/W1964376040","https://openalex.org/W1966086543","https://openalex.org/W1966727569","https://openalex.org/W1966886172","https://openalex.org/W1966994931","https://openalex.org/W1967164970","https://openalex.org/W1968066170","https://openalex.org/W1968584777","https://openalex.org/W1969123423","https://openalex.org/W1969548941","https://openalex.org/W1970800627","https://openalex.org/W1973083933","https://openalex.org/W1973745444","https://openalex.org/W1974783031","https://openalex.org/W1975580088","https://openalex.org/W1978394644","https://openalex.org/W1979015961","https://openalex.org/W1979862397","https://openalex.org/W1979872108","https://openalex.org/W1980253422","https://openalex.org/W1980471943","https://openalex.org/W1983421459","https://openalex.org/W1986332794","https://openalex.org/W1989738647","https://openalex.org/W1995393970","https://openalex.org/W1995783576","https://openalex.org/W1995980134","https://openalex.org/W1996473017","https://openalex.org/W2000896609","https://openalex.org/W2001874115","https://openalex.org/W2002769114","https://openalex.org/W2002901928","https://openalex.org/W2003046410","https://openalex.org/W2003572915","https://openalex.org/W2003808445","https://openalex.org/W2003910870","https://openalex.org/W2003972384","https://openalex.org/W2005307077","https://openalex.org/W2007299716","https://openalex.org/W2007314815","https://openalex.org/W2007988111","https://openalex.org/W2012875858","https://openalex.org/W2014216191","https://openalex.org/W2014318737","https://openalex.org/W2016699248","https://openalex.org/W2018009649","https://openalex.org/W2018833705","https://openalex.org/W2019932200","https://openalex.org/W2020380189","https://openalex.org/W2021175749","https://openalex.org/W2021908094","https://openalex.org/W2022354999","https://openalex.org/W2022380005","https://openalex.org/W2022851908","https://openalex.org/W2023035837","https://openalex.org/W2029501942","https://openalex.org/W2029807337","https://openalex.org/W2031426774","https://openalex.org/W2032043823","https://openalex.org/W2038780826","https://openalex.org/W2040361413","https://openalex.org/W2040628226","https://openalex.org/W2041386507","https://openalex.org/W2042609830","https://openalex.org/W2043547629","https://openalex.org/W2043592906","https://openalex.org/W2044674534","https://openalex.org/W2047128416","https://openalex.org/W2047365849","https://openalex.org/W2047943849","https://openalex.org/W2049101407","https://openalex.org/W2049227103","https://openalex.org/W2049390271","https://openalex.org/W2051922634","https://openalex.org/W2051988355","https://openalex.org/W2053216015","https://openalex.org/W2053269751","https://openalex.org/W2055914734","https://openalex.org/W2056319700","https://openalex.org/W2057003691","https://openalex.org/W2057434959","https://openalex.org/W2057983092","https://openalex.org/W2058106871","https://openalex.org/W2059531870","https://openalex.org/W2059638228","https://openalex.org/W2060289349","https://openalex.org/W2061108182","https://openalex.org/W2062157377","https://openalex.org/W2064694706","https://openalex.org/W2064916460","https://openalex.org/W2065086669","https://openalex.org/W2065477870","https://openalex.org/W2066146098","https://openalex.org/W2066551704","https://openalex.org/W2069421371","https://openalex.org/W2069819320","https://openalex.org/W2070772086","https://openalex.org/W2072359280","https://openalex.org/W2072523126","https://openalex.org/W2073739546","https://openalex.org/W2076927878","https://openalex.org/W2079205417","https://openalex.org/W2079926887","https://openalex.org/W2080602289","https://openalex.org/W2082430712","https://openalex.org/W2084164339","https://openalex.org/W2084374549","https://openalex.org/W2084383900","https://openalex.org/W2085310425","https://openalex.org/W2086713708","https://openalex.org/W2086873972","https://openalex.org/W2087606762","https://openalex.org/W2089049959","https://openalex.org/W2089821024","https://openalex.org/W2090226199","https://openalex.org/W2090598571","https://openalex.org/W2093926298","https://openalex.org/W2094427001","https://openalex.org/W2095008000","https://openalex.org/W2097646891","https://openalex.org/W2101647682","https://openalex.org/W2102532311","https://openalex.org/W2105955861","https://openalex.org/W2108078936","https://openalex.org/W2109239378","https://openalex.org/W2115356599","https://openalex.org/W2118071373","https://openalex.org/W2123460824","https://openalex.org/W2132949996","https://openalex.org/W2134901576","https://openalex.org/W2135871575","https://openalex.org/W2136484255","https://openalex.org/W2136749889","https://openalex.org/W2140446999","https://openalex.org/W2143856302","https://openalex.org/W2146990593","https://openalex.org/W2147267467","https://openalex.org/W2147494582","https://openalex.org/W2148644077","https://openalex.org/W2151705941","https://openalex.org/W2151827740","https://openalex.org/W2152390630","https://openalex.org/W2162762030","https://openalex.org/W2163763334","https://openalex.org/W2168024644","https://openalex.org/W2168822973","https://openalex.org/W2168889700","https://openalex.org/W2169194148","https://openalex.org/W2172887990","https://openalex.org/W2177166109","https://openalex.org/W2179138862","https://openalex.org/W2180431863","https://openalex.org/W2315858303","https://openalex.org/W2326006968","https://openalex.org/W2502126633","https://openalex.org/W2949373970","https://openalex.org/W2949952176","https://openalex.org/W2950303441","https://openalex.org/W2950358484","https://openalex.org/W2950394410","https://openalex.org/W2950795920","https://openalex.org/W2951224518","https://openalex.org/W2951340964","https://openalex.org/W2951452200","https://openalex.org/W2951499159","https://openalex.org/W2952173204","https://openalex.org/W2952624246","https://openalex.org/W4211262099","https://openalex.org/W4213182958","https://openalex.org/W4239012260","https://openalex.org/W4242735176","https://openalex.org/W4245464415","https://openalex.org/W4248104288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147655148","https://openalex.org/W2003910870","https://openalex.org/W2558559315","https://openalex.org/W606688078","https://openalex.org/W7066902087","https://openalex.org/W3045605600","https://openalex.org/W2952825106","https://openalex.org/W2950646271","https://openalex.org/W3026572699","https://openalex.org/W2097646891"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":90},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":106},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":107}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}