{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054532108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673x06292817","title":"Stay in School, Don\u2019t Become a Parent","display_name":"Stay in School, Don\u2019t Become a Parent","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054532108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673x06292817","mag":"2054532108"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1532673x06292817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673x06292817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673x06292817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72844074","display_name":"American Politics Research","issn_l":"0044-7803","issn":["0044-7803","1532-673X","1552-3373","2376-3728"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Politics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112796531","display_name":"Julianna Sandell Pacheco","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julianna Sandell Pacheco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University, University Park","Pennsylvania State University, University Park#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, University Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, University Park#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071667186","display_name":"Eric Plutzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5456-7227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5456-7227"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Plutzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University, University Park","Pennsylvania State University, University Park#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, University Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, University Park#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.168,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97594008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"32","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.88919997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.88919997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.04320000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-parenthood","display_name":"early parenthood","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voter-turnout","display_name":"voter turnout","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-participation","display_name":"citizen participation","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-school-dropout","display_name":"high school dropout","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-participation","display_name":"political participation","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-transitions","display_name":"life transitions","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race-and-ethnicity","display_name":"race and ethnicity","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescence","display_name":"adolescence","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marriage","display_name":"marriage","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-educational-longitudinal-study","display_name":"National Educational Longitudinal Study","score":0.7620000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779838221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7856080","display_name":"Turnout","level":4,"score":0.8000277876853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.7176765203475952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.6257141828536987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.5935512781143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4611295759677887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4315629005432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4275386333465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1691868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811049","display_name":"Life course approach","level":2,"score":0.41185060143470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4064956307411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.39809995889663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3281044065952301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2937294542789459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2523484528064728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.1851491630077362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.16232246160507202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.12450242042541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09242615103721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1532673x06292817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673x06292817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673x06292817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72844074","display_name":"American Politics Research","issn_l":"0044-7803","issn":["0044-7803","1532-673X","1552-3373","2376-3728"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Politics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6207000017166138,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63502889","https://openalex.org/W130652316","https://openalex.org/W166180376","https://openalex.org/W222766436","https://openalex.org/W289602117","https://openalex.org/W616862970","https://openalex.org/W628582031","https://openalex.org/W1530604260","https://openalex.org/W1550821671","https://openalex.org/W1580258824","https://openalex.org/W1966305122","https://openalex.org/W1966479393","https://openalex.org/W1974962242","https://openalex.org/W1979001148","https://openalex.org/W1981603973","https://openalex.org/W1989180782","https://openalex.org/W1991765903","https://openalex.org/W2004971118","https://openalex.org/W2011674644","https://openalex.org/W2023651835","https://openalex.org/W2025158035","https://openalex.org/W2027713407","https://openalex.org/W2030398623","https://openalex.org/W2030640718","https://openalex.org/W2031340404","https://openalex.org/W2035273345","https://openalex.org/W2041394251","https://openalex.org/W2044961916","https://openalex.org/W2075405462","https://openalex.org/W2090884151","https://openalex.org/W2103029551","https://openalex.org/W2111033378","https://openalex.org/W2112910341","https://openalex.org/W2116184250","https://openalex.org/W2122676686","https://openalex.org/W2128492744","https://openalex.org/W2134392204","https://openalex.org/W2136719211","https://openalex.org/W2145946706","https://openalex.org/W2151544484","https://openalex.org/W2262285196","https://openalex.org/W2288572692","https://openalex.org/W2313903602","https://openalex.org/W2315436302","https://openalex.org/W2316984839","https://openalex.org/W2318207693","https://openalex.org/W2321290650","https://openalex.org/W2331384292","https://openalex.org/W2333558050","https://openalex.org/W2400168032","https://openalex.org/W2586081030","https://openalex.org/W2751753487","https://openalex.org/W3127872592","https://openalex.org/W4206829403","https://openalex.org/W4244459206","https://openalex.org/W4246137507","https://openalex.org/W4247140771","https://openalex.org/W4301754140"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100737760","https://openalex.org/W7097437281","https://openalex.org/W2974356955","https://openalex.org/W2182431150","https://openalex.org/W3122518785","https://openalex.org/W2083833433","https://openalex.org/W3049294630","https://openalex.org/W7095241436","https://openalex.org/W3184606048","https://openalex.org/W3199507317"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,23,42,69],"investigate":[1],"three":[2],"important":[3,76],"life":[4,143],"transitions\u2014becoming":[5],"a":[6,50,118],"parent,":[7],"getting":[8],"married,":[9],"and":[10,28,39,77,135],"dropping":[11,95],"out":[12,96],"or":[13],"graduating":[14],"from":[15,49],"high":[16,98],"school\u2014on":[17],"the":[18,25,112,126,139],"development":[19],"of":[20,94,97,125,129,141],"civic":[21],"engagement.":[22],"qualify":[24],"socioeconomic":[26],"status":[27],"resources":[29],"frameworks":[30],"by":[31,46,131],"arguing":[32],"that":[33,71],"effects":[34],"should":[35],"differ":[36],"across":[37],"racial":[38],"ethnic":[40],"lines.":[41],"address":[43],"these":[44],"issues":[45],"analyzing":[47],"data":[48],"nationally":[51],"representative,":[52],"12-year":[53],"panel":[54],"study":[55],"comprising":[56],"more":[57],"than":[58],"12,000":[59],"eighth":[60],"graders":[61],"in":[62],"1988":[63],"(National":[64],"Educational":[65],"Longitudinal":[66],"Survey,":[67],"1988-2000).":[68],"show":[70],"early":[72,88],"parenthood":[73,89],"can":[74],"have":[75],"lasting":[78],"impacts":[79,106],"on":[80,107,145],"voter":[81],"turnout":[82],"many":[83],"years":[84],"later.":[85],"For":[86],"Whites,":[87],"leads":[90],"to":[91,116],"increased":[92],"risk":[93],"school.":[99],"High":[100],"school":[101],"interruption":[102],"has":[103],"major":[104],"negative":[105],"later":[108,146],"turnout,":[109],"even":[110],"when":[111],"student":[113],"eventually":[114],"returned":[115],"earn":[117],"diploma.":[119],"The":[120],"findings":[121],"advance":[122],"our":[123],"understanding":[124],"crucial":[127],"period":[128],"adolescence":[130],"showing":[132],"how":[133],"race":[134],"event":[136],"timing":[137],"condition":[138],"impact":[140],"formative":[142],"events":[144],"political":[147],"participation.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}