{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054476841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1512164","title":"The Execution Spectacle and State Legitimacy: The Changing Nature of the American Execution Audience, 1833\u20131937","display_name":"The Execution Spectacle and State Legitimacy: The Changing Nature of the American Execution Audience, 1833\u20131937","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054476841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1512164","mag":"2054476841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1512164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1512164","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1512164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44706263","display_name":"Law & Society Review","issn_l":"0023-9216","issn":["0023-9216","1540-5893"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Law & Society Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074596240","display_name":"Annulla Linders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3703-3159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3703-3159"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Annulla Linders","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074596240"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92346924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"3","first_page":"607","last_page":"655"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13739","display_name":"Medieval and Early Modern Justice","score":0.36039999127388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13739","display_name":"Medieval and Early Modern Justice","score":0.36039999127388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13076","display_name":"Torture, Ethics, and Law","score":0.3292999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/death-penalty","display_name":"death penalty","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-legitimacy","display_name":"state legitimacy","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audience-manipulation","display_name":"audience manipulation","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-executions","display_name":"public executions","score":0.5720000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779742141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575076","display_name":"Spectacle","level":2,"score":0.9587754011154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.870431125164032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6824578046798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.46610862016677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3329637348651886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26073911786079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08025318384170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.06522533297538757}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1512164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1512164","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1512164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44706263","display_name":"Law & Society Review","issn_l":"0023-9216","issn":["0023-9216","1540-5893"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Law & Society Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9200000166893005}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":121,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64296741","https://openalex.org/W100367776","https://openalex.org/W155257641","https://openalex.org/W262618374","https://openalex.org/W385865274","https://openalex.org/W561583380","https://openalex.org/W570062250","https://openalex.org/W573437520","https://openalex.org/W588797224","https://openalex.org/W592418875","https://openalex.org/W614242887","https://openalex.org/W614298054","https://openalex.org/W626732201","https://openalex.org/W633648167","https://openalex.org/W638031372","https://openalex.org/W640215741","https://openalex.org/W652730000","https://openalex.org/W780908830","https://openalex.org/W1481459131","https://openalex.org/W1482077204","https://openalex.org/W1504065467","https://openalex.org/W1505172952","https://openalex.org/W1506854445","https://openalex.org/W1514006799","https://openalex.org/W1543896078","https://openalex.org/W1559450966","https://openalex.org/W1565374903","https://openalex.org/W1572168882","https://openalex.org/W1600899111","https://openalex.org/W1607102280","https://openalex.org/W1775342812","https://openalex.org/W1825877251","https://openalex.org/W1964679257","https://openalex.org/W1965814463","https://openalex.org/W1968699871","https://openalex.org/W1974626437","https://openalex.org/W1978662815","https://openalex.org/W1986804126","https://openalex.org/W1988211336","https://openalex.org/W1989619168","https://openalex.org/W1991192088","https://openalex.org/W1994058814","https://openalex.org/W2002449665","https://openalex.org/W2002868041","https://openalex.org/W2005513714","https://openalex.org/W2006034415","https://openalex.org/W2011341689","https://openalex.org/W2017231510","https://openalex.org/W2024510838","https://openalex.org/W2036457422","https://openalex.org/W2037107454","https://openalex.org/W2047065541","https://openalex.org/W2060085583","https://openalex.org/W2066476017","https://openalex.org/W2071007693","https://openalex.org/W2072397956","https://openalex.org/W2073510829","https://openalex.org/W2081068962","https://openalex.org/W2087371874","https://openalex.org/W2087449633","https://openalex.org/W2090472135","https://openalex.org/W2095562583","https://openalex.org/W2100727463","https://openalex.org/W2118304830","https://openalex.org/W2118433615","https://openalex.org/W2125377513","https://openalex.org/W2126547474","https://openalex.org/W2130221113","https://openalex.org/W2139354118","https://openalex.org/W2145341894","https://openalex.org/W2147176489","https://openalex.org/W2156290409","https://openalex.org/W2164029827","https://openalex.org/W2168963669","https://openalex.org/W2170525561","https://openalex.org/W2170667996","https://openalex.org/W2283469654","https://openalex.org/W2283939863","https://openalex.org/W2312511462","https://openalex.org/W2313102926","https://openalex.org/W2314185555","https://openalex.org/W2316014364","https://openalex.org/W2317506082","https://openalex.org/W2317574555","https://openalex.org/W2320827915","https://openalex.org/W2325109139","https://openalex.org/W2332362857","https://openalex.org/W2333709453","https://openalex.org/W2338275355","https://openalex.org/W2596518318","https://openalex.org/W2610249019","https://openalex.org/W2796108218","https://openalex.org/W2796441146","https://openalex.org/W2797040734","https://openalex.org/W2802023674","https://openalex.org/W3125996844","https://openalex.org/W3149597340","https://openalex.org/W4206913231","https://openalex.org/W4213295087","https://openalex.org/W4232265746","https://openalex.org/W4235894405","https://openalex.org/W4238571404","https://openalex.org/W4241176920","https://openalex.org/W4243680518","https://openalex.org/W4250101031","https://openalex.org/W4250875354","https://openalex.org/W4252910068","https://openalex.org/W4254602921","https://openalex.org/W4254609139","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4289254478","https://openalex.org/W4298192557","https://openalex.org/W4300757740","https://openalex.org/W4365799029","https://openalex.org/W4388077062","https://openalex.org/W4388082459","https://openalex.org/W4388346617","https://openalex.org/W4388359280","https://openalex.org/W4391868440","https://openalex.org/W6656786260","https://openalex.org/W6991195591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2875033135","https://openalex.org/W3164657399","https://openalex.org/W3149911473","https://openalex.org/W4244122829","https://openalex.org/W1886000991","https://openalex.org/W4244452076","https://openalex.org/W2755434314","https://openalex.org/W30434909","https://openalex.org/W2485863119","https://openalex.org/W1036540709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,6,9,23,29,47,54,69,76,87,91,102,104,124,131,139],"role":[4],"of":[5,31,78,116,123],"audience":[7,56,73,92],"in":[8,75,127],"process":[10],"that":[11,27,72,89],"transformed":[12],"executions":[13,79],"from":[14,34],"public":[15],"spectacles":[16],"to":[17,38,50,62,101,133,138],"hidden":[18],"rituals,":[19],"and":[20,25],"makes":[21],"visible":[22],"ambiguities":[24],"uncertainties":[26],"accompanied":[28],"transportation":[30],"capital":[32,144],"punishment":[33,145],"its":[35],"monarchical":[36],"origins":[37],"a":[39,97,109,113,120],"modern":[40],"democratic":[41],"setting.":[42],"From":[43],"this":[44,128],"vantage":[45],"point,":[46],"evolving":[48],"responses":[49],"concerns":[51],"associated":[52],"with":[53,60],"execution":[55,125],"share":[57],"many":[58],"characteristics":[59],"efforts":[61],"control":[63],"other":[64],"problematic":[65],"audiences.":[66],"And":[67],"yet,":[68],"particular":[70],"forms":[71],"manipulation":[74],"context":[77],"took":[80],"cannot":[81],"be":[82],"fully":[83],"understood":[84],"without":[85],"considering":[86],"occasion":[88],"brought":[90],"into":[93],"being.":[94],"Viewed":[95],"as":[96,108,119],"mirror":[98],"held":[99],"up":[100],"execution,":[103],"audience,":[105],"whether":[106],"conceptualized":[107],"rowdy":[110],"crowd":[111],"or":[112,135],"solemn":[114],"group":[115],"witnesses,":[117],"emerges":[118],"constitutive":[121],"element":[122],"and,":[126,141],"sense,":[129],"carries":[130],"potential":[132],"grant,":[134],"deny,":[136],"legitimacy":[137],"event":[140],"by":[142],"extension,":[143],"itself.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}