{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053790467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096656","title":"Elimination of End\u2010of\u2010Range Shallow Junction Implantation Damage during CMOS Titanium Silicidation","display_name":"Elimination of End\u2010of\u2010Range Shallow Junction Implantation Damage during CMOS Titanium Silicidation","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053790467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096656","mag":"2053790467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1149/1.2096656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138759888","display_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","issn_l":"0013-4651","issn":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025138262","display_name":"D. S. Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1169-2948","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1169-2948"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133640","display_name":"MCNC Research and Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/042awg277","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. \u2010S. Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103408552","display_name":"P. L. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133640","display_name":"MCNC Research and Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/042awg277","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111967734","display_name":"C. M. Osburn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133640","display_name":"MCNC Research and Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/042awg277","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. M. Osburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025930191","display_name":"George A. Rozgonyi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133640","display_name":"MCNC Research and Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/042awg277","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. A. Rozgonyi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107911","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695\u20107916","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709\u20102889","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133640"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1950},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9764,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94214089,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"136","issue":"2","first_page":"466","last_page":"471"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10624","display_name":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium-silicide","display_name":"titanium silicide","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shallow-junctions","display_name":"shallow junctions","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-implantation-damage","display_name":"ion implantation damage","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-dislocation-loops","display_name":"interstitial loops","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-thermal-annealing","display_name":"rapid thermal annealing","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vacancy-injection","display_name":"vacancy injection","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage-current-reduction","display_name":"leakage current reduction","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-defects","display_name":"extended defects","score":0.48899999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7561837434768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339544","display_name":"Annealing (glass)","level":2,"score":0.7069823145866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780901251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426473","display_name":"Silicide","level":3,"score":0.6999823451042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66825105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354718","display_name":"Sheet resistance","level":3,"score":0.5709110498428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.5611201524734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5076805353164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.4969618618488312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4687179625034332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41823505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436752","display_name":"Ion implantation","level":3,"score":0.46090564131736755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159122135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737571","display_name":"Dislocation","level":2,"score":0.42970046401023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114221277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899743","display_name":"Vacancy defect","level":2,"score":0.4228064715862274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.4133869707584381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.38780421018600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.29994338750839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.27556031942367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.15189766883850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14335897564888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.13496825098991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1149/1.2096656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138759888","display_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","issn_l":"0013-4651","issn":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017508456","https://openalex.org/W2072356569","https://openalex.org/W2067243804","https://openalex.org/W1975332745","https://openalex.org/W2331340893","https://openalex.org/W1991412982","https://openalex.org/W2032351386","https://openalex.org/W2062506830","https://openalex.org/W2010759065","https://openalex.org/W1981815901"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interstitial":[0],"dislocation":[1],"loops":[2],"present":[3],"in":[4,59,99,116],"shallow":[5,100],"junctions":[6,66,103],"formed":[7],"following":[8],"Ge":[9],"preamorphization":[10],"(":[11],"85":[12],"keV":[13],",":[14],"1":[15],"\u00d7":[16],"10":[17],"15":[18],"cm":[19],"\u2212":[20],"2":[21,72,109],")":[22],"and":[23,50,63,87],"rapid":[24],"thermal":[25],"annealing":[26],"have":[27],"been":[28],"eliminated":[29],"using":[30],"titanium":[31],"silicide.":[32],"The":[33,48,74,91],"dissolution":[34],"of":[35,44,52,70,81,84,94,107],"these":[36,95],"end\u2010of\u2010range":[37],"defects":[38,56,96],"is":[39,78],"attributed":[40],"to":[41],"the":[42,53,68,82,125],"injection":[43],"vacancies":[45],"during":[46],"silicidation.":[47],"size":[49],"number":[51],"residual":[54],"extended":[55],"were":[57],"reduced":[58],"both":[60],"p":[61,101,118],"+":[62,65,102,119],"n":[64],"after":[67],"formation":[69],"TiSi":[71,108],".":[73],"silicide":[75,85],"sheet":[76,105],"resistance":[77,106],"a":[79],"measure":[80],"amount":[83],"reaction":[86],"concomitant":[88],"vacancy":[89],"injection.":[90],"total":[92],"elimination":[93],"was":[97,122],"observed":[98],"for":[104],"below":[110],"3":[111],"\u03a9/\u25a1.":[112],"Leakage":[113],"current":[114],"reduction":[115],"silicided":[117],"/n":[120],"junctions,":[121],"correlated":[123],"with":[124],"defect":[126],"reduction.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
