{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053569156","doi":null,"title":"Urbanization and Land Ownership in the Ancient Near East","display_name":"Urbanization and Land Ownership in the Ancient Near East","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053569156","mag":"2053569156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2053569156","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA67656829","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108806822","display_name":"Michael Hudson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Hudson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083771923","display_name":"Baruch A. Levine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baruch A. Levine","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.845,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94332373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12307","display_name":"Ancient Near East History","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12307","display_name":"Ancient Near East History","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10362","display_name":"Biblical Studies and Interpretation","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-ownership","display_name":"land ownership","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-land-tenure","display_name":"private land tenure","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt","display_name":"debt","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privatization","display_name":"privatization","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-near-east","display_name":"ancient Near East","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-land-use","display_name":"urban land use","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-estate","display_name":"real estate","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/babylonia","display_name":"Babylonia","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-egypt","display_name":"ancient Egypt","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-age","display_name":"ice ages","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-economic-trends","display_name":"long-term economic trends","score":0.6859999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.7448244094848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137607661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66493932","display_name":"Land tenure","level":3,"score":0.6686336994171143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82279013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684740","display_name":"Real estate","level":2,"score":0.572371244430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.49253544211387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.45951831340789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4004901647567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.382309228181839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27159082889556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22254431247711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.19012728333473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15708622336387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.11789804697036743}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2053569156","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA67656829","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6958266716","https://openalex.org/W7064153811","https://openalex.org/W2046787565","https://openalex.org/W2252658697","https://openalex.org/W3143283025","https://openalex.org/W4248860635","https://openalex.org/W6961369920","https://openalex.org/W4242089882","https://openalex.org/W7095702227","https://openalex.org/W2325210751"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,85,102,119,202],"second":[1,103],"volume":[2,57,160,204],"in":[3,23,176,182,205,210],"an":[4],"ongoing":[5],"series":[6,207],"sponsored":[7],"by":[8,48,79,168,219],"the":[9,12,24,29,65,92,107,131,141,154,162,169,172,180,211],"Institute":[10],"for":[11],"Study":[13],"of":[14,31,42,44,61,88,95,110,143,153,158,165],"Long-Term":[15],"Economic":[16],"Trends":[17],"(ISLET),":[18],"Urbanization":[19],"and":[20,36,53,71,76,83,114,140,150,179,195,215,222],"Land":[21],"Ownership":[22],"Ancient":[25,212],"Near":[26,111,213],"East":[214],"examines":[28,122],"impact":[30],"debt,":[32],"private":[33],"land":[34,45,136,138],"ownership,":[35],"urbanization":[37],"on":[38,106],"ancient":[39,193],"societies.":[40],"Evidence":[41],"privatization":[43],"is":[46,161],"supported":[47],"archaeological":[49],"data,":[50],"surviving":[51],"documents,":[52],"financial":[54],"records.":[55],"This":[56],"contains":[58],"three":[59],"sets":[60],"papers":[62,89],"ranging":[63],"from":[64,130],"Ice":[66],"Age":[67,73],"through":[68],"early":[69,96],"Egypt":[70],"Bronze":[72],"Sumer,":[74],"Babylonia,":[75],"Israel,":[77],"given":[78],"archaeologists,":[80],"economists,":[81],"Assyriologists,":[82],"Egyptologists.":[84],"first":[86,203],"set":[87,104,121],"deals":[90],"with":[91],"social":[93],"cosmology":[94],"urban":[97,135],"areas":[98],"as":[99,146],"ritual":[100],"centers.":[101],"focuses":[105],"physical":[108],"archaeology":[109],"Eastern":[112],"cities":[113],"reconstructs":[115],"their":[116,196],"land-use":[117],"patterns.":[118],"final":[120],"what":[123],"Assyriologists":[124],"have":[125],"been":[126],"able":[127],"to":[128,198],"extract":[129],"cuneiform":[132],"record":[133],"concerning":[134,192],"use,":[137],"tenure,":[139],"emergence":[142],"real":[144],"estate":[145],"something":[147],"privately":[148],"owned":[149],"transferable.":[151],"One":[152],"most":[155],"valuable":[156],"parts":[157],"this":[159,206],"oral":[163],"discussion":[164],"each":[166,177],"paper":[167],"participants.":[170],"Highlighting":[171],"different":[173],"methodologies":[174],"used":[175],"discipline":[178],"difficulties":[181],"establishing":[183],"a":[184],"common":[185],"vocabulary,":[186],"these":[187],"discussions":[188],"raise":[189],"universal":[190],"questions":[191],"economies":[194],"relevancy":[197],"long-term":[199],"economic":[200],"trends.":[201],"was":[208],"Privatization":[209],"Classical":[216],"World,":[217],"edited":[218],"Michael":[220],"Hudson":[221],"Baruch":[223],"A.":[224],"Levine":[225],"(Peabody":[226],"Museum":[227],"Bulletin":[228],"5,":[229],"ISBN":[230],"0-87365-955-4).":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
