{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053552257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","title":"Embedded Clause Effects on Recall: Does High Prior Knowledge of Content Domain Overcome Syntactic Complexity in Students of Spanish?","display_name":"Embedded Clause Effects on Recall: Does High Prior Knowledge of Content Domain Overcome Syntactic Complexity in Students of Spanish?","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053552257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","mag":"2053552257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72851247","display_name":"Modern Language Journal","issn_l":"0026-7902","issn":["0026-7902","1540-4781"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060513978","display_name":"Sue Barry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"SUE BARRY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Curriculum and Teaching 5040 Haley Center Auburn University Auburn, AL 36849\u20135212 Email: barryms@mail.auburn.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Curriculum and Teaching 5040 Haley Center Auburn University Auburn, AL 36849\u20135212 Email: barryms@mail.auburn.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047244171","display_name":"Alejandro A. Lazarte","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ALEJANDRO A. LAZARTE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology 226 Thach Building Auburn University Auburn, AL 36849\u20135214 Email: lazaraa@mail.auburn.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology 226 Thach Building Auburn University Auburn, AL 36849\u20135214 Email: lazaraa@mail.auburn.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047244171","https://openalex.org/A5060513978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"],"apc_list":{"value":3800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5074,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84035504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"4","first_page":"491","last_page":"491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.04520000144839287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.026799999177455902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-clauses","display_name":"embedded clauses","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntactic-complexity","display_name":"syntactic complexity","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-retrieval","display_name":"memory retrieval","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-knowledge","display_name":"prior knowledge","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-as-a-foreign-language","display_name":"Spanish as a foreign language","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"reading comprehension","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-students","display_name":"high school students","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence-structure","display_name":"sentence structure","score":0.5360000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.8228394389152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.7464266419410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.6265866160392761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5426462292671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5301927924156189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49858760833740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778152352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","level":2,"score":0.47260716557502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4575068950653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.43043795228004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.4233027398586273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3191535174846649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.29676133394241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17352250218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1179589331150055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1995.tb05449.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72851247","display_name":"Modern Language Journal","issn_l":"0026-7902","issn":["0026-7902","1540-4781"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/330001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/330001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/330001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72851247","display_name":"Modern Language Journal","issn_l":"0026-7902","issn":["0026-7902","1540-4781"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103472576","https://openalex.org/W1592841198","https://openalex.org/W1817589426","https://openalex.org/W1974340195","https://openalex.org/W1986588180","https://openalex.org/W1989306084","https://openalex.org/W2013737530","https://openalex.org/W2018544402","https://openalex.org/W2031063288","https://openalex.org/W2033514123","https://openalex.org/W2033703136","https://openalex.org/W2039107287","https://openalex.org/W2051413136","https://openalex.org/W2052047296","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2059086756","https://openalex.org/W2076993432","https://openalex.org/W2077917267","https://openalex.org/W2084412866","https://openalex.org/W2087067109","https://openalex.org/W2092032719","https://openalex.org/W2092522033","https://openalex.org/W2092723856","https://openalex.org/W2094971374","https://openalex.org/W2096761083","https://openalex.org/W2105802566","https://openalex.org/W2113069440","https://openalex.org/W2122554717","https://openalex.org/W2134654456","https://openalex.org/W2138200957","https://openalex.org/W2139121205","https://openalex.org/W2158985269","https://openalex.org/W2334021483","https://openalex.org/W2797274677","https://openalex.org/W4232396184","https://openalex.org/W4251317971","https://openalex.org/W4255630152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W118149588","https://openalex.org/W2008030423","https://openalex.org/W7097382208","https://openalex.org/W2079890820","https://openalex.org/W238358800","https://openalex.org/W2089797539","https://openalex.org/W2037528642","https://openalex.org/W2787078721","https://openalex.org/W2011450277","https://openalex.org/W1976244330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,135],"tested":[2],"the":[3,37,50,54,83,86,91,106,117,128,134,145,151],"effect":[4],"of":[5,25,41,85,93,105,139,147],"embedded":[6,59,72],"clauses":[7],"on":[8],"recall":[9,84,114],"for":[10,53,109,116,127],"English-speaking":[11],"high":[12,22,99],"school":[13],"students":[14,20],"reading":[15],"Spanish":[16],"historical":[17],"texts.":[18],"Twenty-four":[19],"with":[21,30,62,98],"prior":[23,32,100],"knowledge":[24,33,101],"Incan":[26],"history":[27],"and":[28,68,111],"24":[29],"low":[31,129],"read":[34],"texts":[35],"concerning":[36],"Incas.":[38],"Three":[39],"levels":[40],"syntactic":[42,94],"complexity":[43,95,138],"were":[44,122],"defined:":[45],"Level":[46,56,69],"I":[47],"(LI)":[48],"contained":[49],"essential":[51,87,107,118],"ideas":[52],"topic;":[55],"II":[57],"(LII)":[58],"one":[60],"clause":[61,75],"nonessential":[63],"information":[64,108],"within":[65,76],"LI":[66,110],"sentences;":[67],"III":[70],"(LIII)":[71],"an":[73],"additional":[74],"LII":[77],"sentences.":[78],"A":[79],"significant":[80],"decrease":[81],"in":[82,120],"propositions":[88,119],"occurred":[89],"as":[90],"level":[92],"increased.":[96],"Readers":[97],"recalled":[102],"significantly":[103],"more":[104],"LII.":[112],"However,":[113],"scores":[115],"LIII":[121],"nearly":[123],"equal":[124],"to":[125,143,150],"those":[126],"prior-knowledge":[130],"group.":[131],"In":[132],"conclusion,":[133],"found":[136],"that":[137],"sentence":[140],"structure":[141],"seemed":[142],"cancel":[144],"advantage":[146],"previous":[148],"exposure":[149],"content":[152],"domain.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}