{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053477675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","title":"Including Individuals with Memory Impairment in the Research Process: The Importance of Scales and Response Categories Used in Surveys","display_name":"Including Individuals with Memory Impairment in the Research Process: The Importance of Scales and Response Categories Used in Surveys","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053477675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","mag":"2053477675","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22565585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57033397","display_name":"Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics","issn_l":"1556-2646","issn":["1556-2646","1556-2654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035146170","display_name":"Maura L. Krestar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-6130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-6130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maura L. Krestar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland State University","Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082312126","display_name":"Wendy J. Looman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendy Looman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Margaret Blenkner Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Margaret Blenkner Research Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057765747","display_name":"Sara M. Powers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110152177","display_name":"University of Akron","ror":"https://ror.org/02kyckx55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110152177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Powers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Akron","#N#University of Akron#N#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Akron","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110152177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#University of Akron#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110152177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018098804","display_name":"Nicole T. Dawson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8121-055X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8121-055X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Dawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103562161","display_name":"Katherine S. Judge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katherine S. Judge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103562161"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3788,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89430515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"70","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11539","display_name":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11539","display_name":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-impairment","display_name":"memory impairment","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-impairment","display_name":"cognitive impairment","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survey-design","display_name":"survey design","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-categories","display_name":"response categories","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illness-experience","display_name":"illness experience","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-ethics","display_name":"research ethics","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-demand","display_name":"cognitive demand","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7149319052696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2482559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206330","display_name":"Objectivity (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6284167766571045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.512782871723175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4627501964569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018842126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11072","display_name":"Memory impairment","level":3,"score":0.4496607184410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159447121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490535","display_name":"Response bias","level":2,"score":0.44512036442756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4186720848083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.349096417427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3414868712425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.11017373204231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007407","descriptor_name":"Interviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008569","descriptor_name":"Memory Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018579","descriptor_name":"Patient Selection","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035842","descriptor_name":"Research Subjects","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2012.7.2.70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57033397","display_name":"Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics","issn_l":"1556-2646","issn":["1556-2646","1556-2654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22565585","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22565585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of empirical research on human research ethics : JERHRE","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6409270975","display_name":"Strength-Based Intervention for Dyads with Mild Dementia","funder_award_id":"R03AG026552","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142363866","https://openalex.org/W609258943","https://openalex.org/W616082193","https://openalex.org/W749662928","https://openalex.org/W1742433321","https://openalex.org/W1847168837","https://openalex.org/W1964571974","https://openalex.org/W1969547130","https://openalex.org/W1977106115","https://openalex.org/W1991517279","https://openalex.org/W2003213247","https://openalex.org/W2023561472","https://openalex.org/W2025234093","https://openalex.org/W2032194465","https://openalex.org/W2032255348","https://openalex.org/W2039752037","https://openalex.org/W2050266611","https://openalex.org/W2051683762","https://openalex.org/W2052709850","https://openalex.org/W2067503414","https://openalex.org/W2085716318","https://openalex.org/W2089868121","https://openalex.org/W2094815523","https://openalex.org/W2101254630","https://openalex.org/W2112778345","https://openalex.org/W2125703317","https://openalex.org/W2128529067","https://openalex.org/W2130900065","https://openalex.org/W2145744738","https://openalex.org/W2148237927","https://openalex.org/W2153836886","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2161480337","https://openalex.org/W2163868430","https://openalex.org/W2319630209","https://openalex.org/W2810887452","https://openalex.org/W3104463293","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4299359788","https://openalex.org/W4388366620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W232536296","https://openalex.org/W6963387255","https://openalex.org/W3193395929","https://openalex.org/W2025234093","https://openalex.org/W1538836109","https://openalex.org/W2942999775","https://openalex.org/W4235520380","https://openalex.org/W2971583177","https://openalex.org/W4391789243","https://openalex.org/W2992087899"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"ethical":[1],"considerations":[2],"emerge":[3],"when":[4,103,127],"conducting":[5],"research":[6,25],"with":[7,53,91],"memory-impaired":[8,56,112,133],"individuals,":[9],"including":[10],"the":[11,85],"individuals'":[12],"ability":[13,82],"to":[14,19,29,32,39,83,96],"comprehend":[15],"and":[16,72,129],"accurately":[17,41],"respond":[18],"survey":[20,42,117],"questions.":[21],"However,":[22],"little":[23],"empirical":[24],"exists":[26],"on":[27],"how":[28],"format":[30],"surveys":[31,121],"decrease":[33],"cognitive":[34,93],"demands,":[35],"thereby":[36],"allowing":[37],"researchers":[38],"more":[40],"this":[43],"population.":[44],"The":[45,63],"current":[46],"study":[47],"presents":[48],"data":[49],"from":[50],"structured":[51],"interviews":[52],"125":[54],"community-residing,":[55],"older":[57],"adults":[58],"about":[59],"their":[60],"illness":[61],"experience.":[62],"interview":[64],"contained":[65],"14":[66],"scales":[67],"varying":[68],"in":[69,116],"subjectivity,":[70],"directionality,":[71],"response":[73,100,107],"choice":[74],"content.":[75],"While":[76],"objectivity":[77],"did":[78],"not":[79,131],"affect":[80],"participants'":[81],"use":[84,97],"full":[86],"range":[87],"of":[88],"responses,":[89],"participants":[90],"greater":[92],"impairment":[94],"tended":[95],"simpler,":[98],"dichotomous":[99],"categories,":[101],"especially":[102],"questions":[104],"had":[105],"bidirectional":[106],"choices.":[108],"Results":[109],"suggest":[110],"that":[111,119,130],"individuals":[113,134],"can":[114],"participate":[115],"research,":[118],"such":[120],"should":[122],"contain":[123],"unidirectional":[124],"frequency/amount":[125],"items":[126],"possible,":[128],"all":[132],"will":[135],"have":[136],"difficulty":[137],"completing":[138],"surveys.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
