{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053227808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","title":"The Relation Between Antioxidants and Memory Performance in the Old and Very Old","display_name":"The Relation Between Antioxidants and Memory Performance in the Old and Very Old","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053227808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","mag":"2053227808","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9180666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204183829","display_name":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","issn_l":"0002-8614","issn":["0002-8614","1532-5415"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2053227808"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008322436","display_name":"Walter J. Perrig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Walter J. Perrig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Switzerland","Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090688776","display_name":"Pasqualina Perrig\u2010Chiello","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pasqualina Perrig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069130506","display_name":"Hannes Benedikt St\u00e4helin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8695-2840","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8695-2840"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1850255","display_name":"University of Basel","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannes B. St\u00e4helin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geriatric University Clinic, University of Basle, Basle, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geriatric University Clinic, University of Basle, Basle, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008322436"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"],"apc_list":{"value":4760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4760},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1488,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":346,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98419496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"6","first_page":"718","last_page":"724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.7728999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.7728999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.17980000376701355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidants","display_name":"antioxidants","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-performance","display_name":"memory performance","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-aging","display_name":"brain aging","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-vitamin-levels","display_name":"plasma vitamin levels","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-c","display_name":"vitamin C","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-carotene","display_name":"beta-carotene","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-tocopherol","display_name":"alpha-tocopherol","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-memory","display_name":"semantic memory","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-recall","display_name":"free recall","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recognition-memory","display_name":"recognition memory","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-aging","display_name":"cognitive aging","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-radicals","display_name":"free radicals","score":0.4790000021457672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986274086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199678","display_name":"Ascorbic acid","level":2,"score":0.7882887125015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6981604695320129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.4490453004837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780022331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199678","display_name":"Vitamin C","level":2,"score":0.43866685032844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4383552372455597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4301531910896301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.3828415274620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.33454930782318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3328006863594055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3204411268234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1051369309425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.10082539916038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.09822669625282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000975","descriptor_name":"Antioxidants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001205","descriptor_name":"Ascorbic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005609","descriptor_name":"Free Radicals","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014810","descriptor_name":"Vitamin E","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014888","descriptor_name":"Wechsler Scales","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019207","descriptor_name":"beta Carotene","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01476.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204183829","display_name":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","issn_l":"0002-8614","issn":["0002-8614","1532-5415"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9180666","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9180666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boris.unibe.ch:53115","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/53115/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401747","display_name":"BORIS (University Library Bern)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210103840","host_organization_name":"Nakuru County Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103840"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Perrig, Walter J.; Perrig-Chiello, P.; St\u00e4helin, Hannes B. (1997). The relation of antioxidants on memory performance of elderly. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 45, pp. 718-724. Wiley-Blackwell","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:2338985997","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/53115/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1665599563","https://openalex.org/W1891884171","https://openalex.org/W1929345885","https://openalex.org/W1969784573","https://openalex.org/W1991561095","https://openalex.org/W2003471941","https://openalex.org/W2016293448","https://openalex.org/W2017797054","https://openalex.org/W2030924895","https://openalex.org/W2035563772","https://openalex.org/W2046213715","https://openalex.org/W2067018203","https://openalex.org/W2102315750","https://openalex.org/W2117211585","https://openalex.org/W2127838892","https://openalex.org/W2136104345","https://openalex.org/W2143258751","https://openalex.org/W2148539384","https://openalex.org/W2150750597","https://openalex.org/W2198536132","https://openalex.org/W2309979605","https://openalex.org/W2398073846","https://openalex.org/W2785913106","https://openalex.org/W4234933397","https://openalex.org/W4388361952"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002413837","https://openalex.org/W2074004891","https://openalex.org/W2079429376","https://openalex.org/W1964145813","https://openalex.org/W2137290134","https://openalex.org/W1975525504","https://openalex.org/W4252520815","https://openalex.org/W2022369854","https://openalex.org/W2141325921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"Aging":[1],"processes,":[2],"and":[3,35,84,97,120,136,186,191,198,232,238,245,250,272],"among":[4],"them":[5],"brain":[6,270],"aging,":[7],"are":[8,254],"thought":[9],"to":[10,60],"be":[11],"associated":[12,255],"with":[13,26,195,256],"free":[14,133],"radical":[15],"action.":[16],"It":[17],"is":[18],"hypothesized":[19],"that":[20],"plasma":[21,85,117,150,252],"antioxidant":[22],"vitamin":[23,86,100],"levels":[24,87],"correlate":[25],"cognitive":[27,280],"performance":[28],"in":[29,50,104,106,112,200,208,269],"healthy":[30],"older":[31,47],"subjects.":[32],"DESIGN:":[33],"Longitudinal":[34],"cross-sectional":[36,202],"comparisons.":[37],"SETTING:":[38],"The":[39],"city":[40],"of":[41,45,55,148,156,220,278],"Basle,":[42],"considered":[43],"representative":[44],"the":[46,91,107,137,149,153,201,209,263],"urban":[48],"population":[49],"Switzerland.":[51],"PARTICIPANTS:":[52],"A":[53],"total":[54],"442":[56],"subjects":[57],"aged":[58,243],"65":[59,244],"94":[61],"years":[62,158],"(mean:":[63],"75":[64],"years;":[65],"312":[66],"male,":[67],"132":[68],"female)":[69],"was":[70],"selected":[71],"from":[72],"a":[73],"random":[74],"sample.":[75],"MEASUREMENTS:":[76],"In":[77,115],"1993,":[78],"participants":[79],"were":[80,88,110,124,130],"tested":[81],"for":[82,90,225,276],"memory,":[83,222],"measured":[89,102],"three":[92],"antioxidants":[93,151,215,268],"alpha-tocopherol,":[94],"ascorbic":[95,175,196,248],"acid,":[96],"beta-carotene.":[98],"These":[99,213,260],"parameters,":[101],"previously":[103],"1971":[105],"same":[108],"sample,":[109],"integrated":[111],"our":[113],"analyses.":[114],"addition,":[116],"cholesterol,":[118],"ferritin,":[119],"systolic":[121],"blood":[122],"pressure":[123],"taken":[125],"into":[126],"account.":[127],"Memory":[128],"variables":[129,228],"priming,":[131],"working-memory,":[132],"recall,":[134,184],"recognition":[135],"WAIS-R":[138],"vocabulary":[139,187],"test":[140],"(semantic":[141],"memory).":[142],"RESULTS:":[143],"Correlations":[144],"showed":[145],"significant":[146,217],"stability":[147],"over":[152],"time":[154],"lag":[155],"22":[157],"(alpha-tocopherol:":[159],"r":[160,169,177],"=":[161,166,170,178],".47,":[162],"P":[163,172,180],"<":[164,173,181],"or":[165],".001;":[167,174],"beta-carotene:":[168],".43,":[171],"acid:":[176],".22,":[179],".001).":[182],"Free":[183],"recognition,":[185],"(but":[188],"not":[189],"priming":[190],"working-memory)":[192],"correlated":[193],"significantly":[194],"acid":[197,249],"beta-carotene":[199,251],"1993":[203],"data":[204],"as":[205,207],"well":[206],"longitudinal":[210],"1971-1993":[211],"analysis.":[212],"two":[214],"remained":[216],"predictors,":[218],"especially":[219],"semantic":[221],"after":[223],"controlling":[224],"possible":[226],"confounding":[227],"like":[229],"age,":[230],"education,":[231],"gender":[233],"using":[234],"multiple":[235],"regression":[236],"analyses":[237],"ANOVAs.":[239],"CONCLUSION:":[240],"Among":[241],"people":[242],"older,":[246],"higher":[247],"level":[253],"better":[257],"memory":[258],"performance.":[259],"results":[261],"indicate":[262],"important":[264],"role":[265],"played":[266],"by":[267],"aging":[271],"may":[273],"have":[274],"implications":[275],"prevention":[277],"progressive":[279],"impairments.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}