{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2052844975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104919","title":"Optically controlled surface-emitting lasers","display_name":"Optically controlled surface-emitting lasers","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2052844975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104919","mag":"2052844975"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.104919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104919","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://ir.opt.ac.cn/handle/181661/41754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110268634","display_name":"W.K. Chan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. K. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021379621","display_name":"James P. Harbison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. P. Harbison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045913721","display_name":"Ann C. Von Lehmen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. C. von Lehmen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113526258","display_name":"Leigh T. Florez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. T. Florez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026149622","display_name":"C.K. Nguyen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. K. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110021525","display_name":"Steven A. Schwarz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9823-4852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9823-4852"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Schwarz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bellcore, 331 Newman Springs Road, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.3389,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99419269,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"21","first_page":"2342","last_page":"2344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-lasers","display_name":"vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-and-gate","display_name":"optical AND gate","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-logic-gates","display_name":"optical logic gates","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-ionization","display_name":"impact ionization","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-gain","display_name":"optical gain","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-dimensional-laser-arrays","display_name":"two-dimensional laser arrays","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-signal-processing","display_name":"optical signal processing","score":0.9819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.7802461385726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.7369646430015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7158610224723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5946813821792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.5590730905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58102789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical transistor","level":4,"score":0.5190789699554443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4854913055896759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.46166402101516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.4491892457008362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121477167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154002","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","level":3,"score":0.43365564942359924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.41743868589401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2583470046520233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.19466891884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.155019611120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1289929747581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.11963263154029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.104919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104919","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.opt.ac.cn:181661/41754","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.opt.ac.cn/handle/181661/41754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196962","display_name":"Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","host_organization_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"\u6388\u6743\u53d1\u660e"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.opt.ac.cn:181661/41754","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.opt.ac.cn/handle/181661/41754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196962","display_name":"Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","host_organization_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"\u6388\u6743\u53d1\u660e"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966166292","https://openalex.org/W1992483925","https://openalex.org/W2005944440","https://openalex.org/W2013885756","https://openalex.org/W2043745299","https://openalex.org/W2043911554","https://openalex.org/W2058024315","https://openalex.org/W2072752306","https://openalex.org/W2141607477","https://openalex.org/W2145117268","https://openalex.org/W2157591401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479665281","https://openalex.org/W2008631793","https://openalex.org/W2102752830","https://openalex.org/W2461880421","https://openalex.org/W2112894584","https://openalex.org/W2039662360","https://openalex.org/W2114281141","https://openalex.org/W2469595841","https://openalex.org/W2009258542","https://openalex.org/W2069353881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vertical":[0],"cavity":[1],"surface-emitting":[2],"lasers":[3],"are":[4],"integrated":[5],"with":[6,25,68],"GaAs/AlGaAs":[7],"heterojunction":[8],"phototransistors":[9],"to":[10],"yield":[11],"optically":[12,42],"controlled":[13],"lasers.":[14],"The":[15,47,74],"two-terminal":[16],"device":[17,60,75],"operates":[18],"in":[19,35],"several":[20],"modes:":[21],"As":[22],"an":[23,41,52],"amplifier":[24],"a":[26],"large":[27,81],"signal,":[28],"external":[29],"optical":[30,36,48,63,85],"gain":[31],"of":[32,56],"5,":[33],"as":[34,40],"logic":[37],"gate,":[38],"and":[39],"or":[43],"electrically":[44],"triggerable":[45],"latch.":[46],"AND":[49],"gate":[50],"has":[51,61],"output":[53],"on-to-off":[54],"ratio":[55],"10:1.":[57],"Although":[58],"the":[59],"no":[62],"feedback,":[64],"latching":[65],"is":[66,77],"achieved":[67],"appropriate":[69],"biasing":[70],"through":[71],"impact":[72],"ionization.":[73],"structure":[76],"advantageous":[78],"for":[79,84],"forming":[80],"two-dimensional":[82],"arrays":[83],"signal":[86],"processing.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
