{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2052420107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437108216368","title":"The growth of voids in nickel in a high-voltage electron microscope","display_name":"The growth of voids in nickel in a high-voltage electron microscope","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2052420107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437108216368","mag":"2052420107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14786437108216368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437108216368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437108216368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240599","display_name":"Philosophical magazine","issn_l":"0031-8086","issn":["0031-8086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044294505","display_name":"D. I. R. Norris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56030857","display_name":"Central Electricity Generating Board","ror":"https://ror.org/01a4t3393","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56030857"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. I. R. Norris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England","Central Electricity Generating Board, Berkeley (UK). Berkeley Nuclear Labs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Electricity Generating Board, Berkeley (UK). Berkeley Nuclear Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56030857"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044294505"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56030857"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.825,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99213304,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"181","first_page":"135","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12506","display_name":"Nuclear materials and radiation effects","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12579","display_name":"Muon and positron interactions and applications","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/void-growth","display_name":"void growth","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nickel","display_name":"nickel","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-irradiation","display_name":"electron irradiation","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-voltage-electron-microscopy","display_name":"high-voltage electron microscopy","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-bombardment","display_name":"ion bombardment","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutron-irradiation","display_name":"neutron irradiation","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vacancies","display_name":"vacancies","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/void-size-distribution","display_name":"void size distribution","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-damage","display_name":"radiation damage","score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dislocation-loops","display_name":"dislocation loops","score":0.31299999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93877712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132560","display_name":"Electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.7368413209915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.7227340340614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7363328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5426847","display_name":"FOIL method","level":2,"score":0.7171148061752319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7112309336662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504270822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744","display_name":"Nickel","level":2,"score":0.6859578490257263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.620756983757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105163801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12103748","display_name":"Electron beam processing","level":3,"score":0.5666136741638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122802935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829575","display_name":"Acceleration voltage","level":4,"score":0.5076764822006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.4779776930809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95312477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207340","display_name":"Cathode ray","level":3,"score":0.4688253104686737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3924848735332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.3386175036430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2522395849227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.22924911975860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.19782951474189758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.18494772911071777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.10130023956298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06630295515060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14786437108216368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437108216368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437108216368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240599","display_name":"Philosophical magazine","issn_l":"0031-8086","issn":["0031-8086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1678702946","https://openalex.org/W1969574221","https://openalex.org/W1979726885","https://openalex.org/W1983791562","https://openalex.org/W1988325811","https://openalex.org/W1988690062","https://openalex.org/W1995040832","https://openalex.org/W1995363922","https://openalex.org/W1995956755","https://openalex.org/W2001407218","https://openalex.org/W2010586554","https://openalex.org/W2045782454","https://openalex.org/W2049374707","https://openalex.org/W2053922398","https://openalex.org/W2113235788","https://openalex.org/W2149221863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037913380","https://openalex.org/W2067541229","https://openalex.org/W4230603854","https://openalex.org/W1983791562","https://openalex.org/W161027026","https://openalex.org/W2046154200","https://openalex.org/W1971137338","https://openalex.org/W2085592662","https://openalex.org/W4240830184","https://openalex.org/W2073341558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thin":[0],"foils":[1],"of":[2,10,66],"nickel":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"electron-irradiated":[6],"with":[7,34,82],"the":[8,71],"beam":[9],"a":[11,48,57,62,89],"high-voltage":[12],"electron":[13,72],"microscope.":[14],"In":[15],"specimens":[16],"previously":[17],"ion-bombarded,":[18],"voids":[19,69,76],"are":[20,32,40,47,77],"observed":[21],"to":[22,42,55],"grow":[23],"at":[24,51],"temperatures":[25],"between":[26],"280\u00b0C":[27],"and":[28,39,61],"480\u00b0C.":[29],"The":[30,75,85],"results":[31],"compared":[33],"those":[35],"for":[36],"neutron":[37],"irradiation":[38,73],"found":[41],"be":[43,56],"basically":[44],"similar.":[45],"Differences":[46],"sharp":[49],"cut-off":[50],"high":[52],"temperatures,":[53],"thought":[54],"thin":[58],"foil":[59],"effect,":[60],"much":[63],"lower":[64],"proportion":[65],"vacancies":[67],"joining":[68],"in":[70],"case.":[74],"usually":[78],"cubes,":[79],"often":[80],"elongated,":[81],"(100)":[83],"faces.":[84],"size":[86],"distribution":[87],"fits":[88],"negative":[90],"exponential":[91],"function.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
