{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051974556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","title":"Effect of Seed Hardening with Chemicals on Drought Tolerance Traits and Yield in Chickpea. (Cicer arietinum. L)","display_name":"Effect of Seed Hardening with Chemicals on Drought Tolerance Traits and Yield in Chickpea. (Cicer arietinum. L)","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051974556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","mag":"2051974556"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/7783/8531","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186936","display_name":"Journal of Agricultural Science","issn_l":"1916-9752","issn":["1916-9752","1916-9760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agricultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/7783/8531","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109876417","display_name":"Begur Lakshminarasimha Manjunath","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139046659","display_name":"University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad","ror":"https://ror.org/02qn0hf26","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139046659","https://openalex.org/I179420787"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.L Manjunath","raw_affiliation_strings":["(Agri.) Dept. of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture UAS Dharwad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Agri.) Dept. of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture UAS Dharwad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139046659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041355149","display_name":"MM Dhanoji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-0315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-0315"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M M Dhanoji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor Dept. of Crop Physiology , College of Agriculture Bheemarayanagudi- 585287 Tq ; Shahapur Dist yadgir Karnataka , India","Dept. of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture Bheemarayanagudi-585287 Tq; Shahapur Dist yadgir Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor Dept. of Crop Physiology , College of Agriculture Bheemarayanagudi- 585287 Tq ; Shahapur Dist yadgir Karnataka , India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture Bheemarayanagudi-585287 Tq; Shahapur Dist yadgir Karnataka, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041355149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3774,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65088385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12115","display_name":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","score":0.6182000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12115","display_name":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","score":0.6182000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.3422999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12407","display_name":"Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques","score":0.01769999973475933,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-hardening","display_name":"seed hardening","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chickpea","display_name":"chickpea","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-tolerance","display_name":"drought tolerance","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-yield","display_name":"seed yield","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-chloride","display_name":"calcium chloride","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cycocel","display_name":"cycocel","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/succinic-acid","display_name":"succinic acid","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorophyll-content","display_name":"chlorophyll content","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proline","display_name":"proline","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-water-content","display_name":"relative water content","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-leaf-area","display_name":"specific leaf area","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harvest-index","display_name":"harvest index","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-matter-accumulation","display_name":"dry matter accumulation","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dryland-agriculture","display_name":"rainfed agriculture","score":0.5099999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44255700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978423","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","level":3,"score":0.6885567903518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779815552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484583","display_name":"Proline","level":3,"score":0.6355445384979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.6204309463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6015596985816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189797535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12142810","display_name":"Drought tolerance","level":2,"score":0.5377625823020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5225488543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393855","display_name":"Dry matter","level":2,"score":0.5132510662078857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.43457216024398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.43299734592437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.18605661392211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.07932677865028381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06945699453353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/7783/8531","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186936","display_name":"Journal of Agricultural Science","issn_l":"1916-9752","issn":["1916-9752","1916-9760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agricultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ibn:jasjnl:v:3:y:2011:i:3:p:186","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/7783/8531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2186277626","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/7783/8531","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p186","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/7783/8531","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186936","display_name":"Journal of Agricultural Science","issn_l":"1916-9752","issn":["1916-9752","1916-9760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agricultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2051974556.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2051974556.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028823348","https://openalex.org/W2469993736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407344811","https://openalex.org/W4405854623","https://openalex.org/W3134662117","https://openalex.org/W2982376533","https://openalex.org/W2517485800","https://openalex.org/W3081829897","https://openalex.org/W4386461576","https://openalex.org/W323472896","https://openalex.org/W3200392970","https://openalex.org/W2892595801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"field":[1],"experiment":[2],"was":[3,34],"conducted":[4],"to":[5,64,81,107,125],"study":[6],"the":[7,84,116,127,146,149,161],"effect":[8],"of":[9,101,121,170],"seed":[10,32,37,71,74,113,151,154],"hardening":[11,38,75,114,155],"with":[12,39,76,99,138,156,160],"various":[13],"chemicals":[14],"on":[15],"bio-chemical":[16],"components":[17],"and":[18,54,88,118,176,185],"yield":[19,33,72,152],"in":[20,36,73,83,153],"chickpea.":[21],"(Cicer":[22],"arietinum.":[23],"L).during":[24],"Rabi":[25],"2007,under":[26],"rain":[27],"fed":[28],"conditions.":[29],"Significantly":[30],"higher":[31],"recorded":[35],"CaCl2":[40],"-2%":[41],"(":[42],"26.32q":[43],"per":[44,52,60,67,183],"ha.)":[45,53,61],"followed":[46],"by":[47],"Cycocel":[48],"-1000ppm":[49],"(23.54":[50],"q":[51,59],"succinic":[55],"acid":[56],"20ppm":[57],"(23.44":[58],"as":[62,105,124],"compare":[63,106],"control":[65],"(19.04q":[66],"ha.).":[68],"The":[69],"increased":[70,150,162],"CaCl2-2%":[77,157],"may":[78],"be":[79],"attributed":[80],"increase":[82],"total":[85,177],"chlorophyll,":[86],"chl-a.":[87],"chl-b":[89],"chlorophyll":[90],"stability":[91],"index,":[92],"proline":[93],"content":[94],",relative":[95],"water":[96],"content,":[97],"coupled":[98],"lower":[100],"specific":[102],"leaf":[103,171,173,181],"area.":[104],"control.":[108],"Thus":[109],"It":[110,141],"indicates":[111],"that":[112,129,148],"modifies":[115],"physiological":[117,164],"biochemical":[119],"nature":[120],"seeds":[122],"so":[123,137],"get":[126],"characters":[128],"are":[130],"favorable":[131],"for":[132],"drought":[133],"tolerance":[134],"which":[135],"more":[136],"CaCl2-2%.":[139],"Further,":[140],"is":[142,158],"also":[143],"evident":[144],"from":[145],"results":[147],"associated":[159],"morpho-":[163],"traits":[165],"like":[166],"plant":[167,184],"height":[168],",Number":[169],"lets,":[172],"dry":[174,178],"matter":[175,179],"accumulation,":[180],"area":[182],"Harvest":[186],"index.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
