{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051108398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","title":"Is There a Forest Transition? Deforestation, Reforestation, and Development1","display_name":"Is There a Forest Transition? Deforestation, Reforestation, and Development1","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051108398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","mag":"2051108398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6596815","display_name":"Rural Sociology","issn_l":"0036-0112","issn":["0036-0112","1549-0831"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rural Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2051108398"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063284506","display_name":"Thomas K. Rudel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-3106","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-3106"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas K. Rudel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Ecology, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Ecology, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063284506"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"],"apc_list":{"value":3520,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3520},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.313,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":250,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85887574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"4","first_page":"533","last_page":"552"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10319","display_name":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10319","display_name":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11753","display_name":"Forest Management and Policy","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-transition","display_name":"forest transition","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deforestation","display_name":"deforestation","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reforestation","display_name":"reforestation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-development","display_name":"economic development","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-cover-change","display_name":"forest cover change","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-place-theory","display_name":"central place theory","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity-conservation","display_name":"biodiversity conservation","score":0.8199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154575652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815818","display_name":"Reforestation","level":2,"score":0.9408469200134277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777399953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155658","display_name":"Deforestation (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.8779256343841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41866144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202398","display_name":"Industrialisation","level":2,"score":0.6518439054489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.5684686899185181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56095865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384419","display_name":"Afforestation","level":2,"score":0.4774513840675354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.477110892534256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.44398602843284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.44015738368034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986088632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4259364","display_name":"Forest cover","level":2,"score":0.43045198917388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3998556137084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3490450382232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3406919240951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.22554636001586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2245343029499054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1998.tb00691.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6596815","display_name":"Rural Sociology","issn_l":"0036-0112","issn":["0036-0112","1549-0831"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rural Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":1.0,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392939509","https://openalex.org/W3044373118","https://openalex.org/W2031695825","https://openalex.org/W1924079949","https://openalex.org/W2593723823","https://openalex.org/W3195509101","https://openalex.org/W2526785045","https://openalex.org/W7150815050","https://openalex.org/W4400695165","https://openalex.org/W4242115075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Environmental":[1],"social":[2],"scientists":[3],"have":[4],"recently":[5],"begun":[6],"to":[7,13,47,60,75,116,144],"use":[8],"the":[9,101,126,137,146],"term":[10],"'forest":[11],"transition'":[12],"describe":[14],"how":[15],"forest":[16,73,83],"cover":[17,84],"changes":[18],"as":[19,29,43],"economic":[20,35,44],"development":[21],"occurs":[22,28],"in":[23,34,37,82,88],"nations.":[24,93],"The":[25,94,129],"hypothesized":[26],"transition":[27],"follows.":[30],"An":[31],"initial":[32],"surge":[33],"activity":[36,45],"impoverished":[38],"societies":[39],"spurs":[40],"deforestation,":[41],"but":[42],"continues":[46],"intensify":[48],"and":[49,56,111],"cities":[50],"grow":[51],"larger,":[52],"a":[53,89,103,133],"'turnaround'":[54],"occurs,":[55],"deforestation":[57],"gives":[58],"way":[59],"reforestation.":[61,152],"This":[62],"paper":[63,95,130],"uses":[64],"cross\u2010national":[65],"data":[66],"from":[67,108],"five":[68],"successive":[69],"surveys":[70],"of":[71,92,136,139,151],"world":[72],"resources":[74],"assess":[76],"this":[77],"empirical":[78],"claim.":[79],"A":[80],"turnaround":[81],"trends":[85],"does":[86],"occur":[87],"significant":[90],"number":[91],"also":[96],"evaluates":[97],"two":[98],"explanations":[99],"for":[100,125,142],"turnaround,":[102],"wood":[104],"scarcity":[105],"hypothesis":[106,114],"derived":[107],"microeconomic":[109],"theory":[110],"an":[112],"industrialization":[113,127],"linked":[115],"central":[117],"place":[118],"theory.":[119],"It":[120],"finds":[121],"period":[122],"specific":[123],"support":[124],"hypothesis.":[128],"concludes":[131],"with":[132],"brief":[134],"discussion":[135],"implications":[138],"these":[140],"findings":[141],"proposals":[143],"alleviate":[145],"biodiversity":[147],"crisis":[148],"through":[149],"programs":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
